Shift-share Analysis on International Tourism Competitiveness - A Case of Jiangsu Province   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

SHI Chunyun ZHANG Jie YANG Yang ZHOU Zhang 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2007,17(2):173-178

Shift-share analysis has been confirmed a useful approach in the study of regional economics and many kinds of extended shift-share models have been advanced and put into practice in economic studies, but few have hitherto been introduced and applied to the tourism research in China. Moreover understanding the spatially competitive relationship is of paramount importance for marketers, developers, and planners involved in tourism strategy development. Based on international tourism receipts from 1995 to 2004, this study aims at probing into the spatial competitiveness of interna- tional tourism in Jiangsu Province in comparison with its neighbors by applying a spatially extended shift-share model and a modified dynamic shift-share model. The empirical results illustrate that exceptional years may exist in the ap- plication of dynamic shift-share models. To solve this issue, modifications to dynamic shift-share model are put forward. The analytical results are not only presented but also explained by the comparison of background conditions of tourism development between Jiangsu and its key competitors. The conclusions can be drawn that the growth of international tourism receipts in Jiangsu mainly attributes to the national component and the competitive component and Zhejiang is the most important rival to Jiangsu during the period of 1995-2004. In order to upgrade the tourism competitiveness, it is indispensable for Jiangsu to take proper positioning, promoting and marketing strategies and to cooperate and integrate with its main rivals.  相似文献   

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张彩红  谭凯  杨少敏 《大地测量与地球动力学》2015,35(2):183-185

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BDS-3新频点单点定位研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

慕仁海  党亚民  许长辉 《测绘通报》2021,(3):12-17

针对目前有关北斗卫星导航系统（BDS-3）中MEO卫星（BDS-3M）增加的B1C、B2a新频点单点定位研究较少的现状,本文开展了基于新频点B1C、B2a的双频单点定位试验,结合国际GNSS监测评估系统（iGMAS）5个跟踪站连续10 d的数据,对BDS-3的新频点进行数据质量分析、双频伪距单点定位（SPP）和双频静态精密单点定位（PPP）研究,并与GPS的L1、L2频点和BDS-3的B1I、B3I频点进行对比。试验结果表明：在伪距单点定位方面,BDS-3新信号在E、N、U 3方向的精度分别优于10、12、11 m,低于GPS的L1、L2双频伪距单点定位和BDS-3的旧频点双频伪距单点定位精度;在精密单点定位方面,BDS-3新频点在收敛速度方面略低于GPS的收敛速度,BDS-3新信号在E、N、U 3方向都能达到分米级精度。  相似文献   

桥梁健康监测与评估中的静力水准技术研究     

李静佳  陶雄  李东平 《测绘与空间地理信息》2021,44(4):195-197,201

近年来,我国的桥梁建设事业发展迅速,在桥梁数量大幅增加的同时,其安全形势却较为严峻,因此,越来越多的人开始重视桥梁运营的安全性及耐久性。桥梁健康监测技术通过对桥梁结构的监控及评估,在桥梁运营状况发生异常时发出预警,能够为桥梁的维护及管理提供科学的指导和依据。而静力水准监测技术与传统的光学水准监测技术相比,具有实时性、高精度、自动化等优点。因此,本文对比研究了不同的静力水准仪,并最终推荐选用磁致伸缩式静力水准仪作为监测的仪器。  相似文献   

THE LOW-PRESSURE SYSTEM IN THE VERTICAL VELOCITY OMEGA ON THE SCALE OF SYSTEM SENSITIVITY     

曲维政  范婷婷  杜凌 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2015,21(S1):66-72

In this study, the relationship between scale and vertical velocity in a low-pressure system is explored using the wave characteristics of atmospheric disturbances and the structural characteristics of low-pressure systems. The ω differential equation, as determined by the transient geopotential height field Φ, is solved to obtain an analytical solution composed only of wavelength, horizontal speed, and atmospheric stability, i.e., the ω diagnostic equation of a low-pressure system. This equation also shows that vertical velocity in the low-pressure system is very sensitive to the horizontal scale, i.e., a smaller horizontal scale means a larger vertical velocity.  相似文献   

基于Mohr-Coulomb准则的喷粉桩静载实验与三维数值模拟          下载免费PDF全文

李钰强  李德强  张靖宇 《甘肃地质》2010,19(2):91-94

在土建、交通、水利等工程建设中利用喷粉桩来处理软弱地基,被称为是经济、快速、有效实用的方法。结合南京四桥桩基施工工程,对工程中所用到的喷粉桩进行静荷载试验,并采用三维有限元数值模拟的方法对单桩复合地基进行数值计算,所得计算结果与实验数据基本吻合。  相似文献   

静压法施工预应力混凝土管桩的质量管理     

赵荣妹 《中国勘察设计》2010,(4):62-64

预应力混凝土管桩采用静压法施工越来越普遍,其施工质量问题也倍受关注,现对其质量管理问题作本文谈论。  相似文献   

双向地震荷载下崩塌堆积体盲数稳定可靠性分析          下载免费PDF全文

仝霄金  丁刚  魏汝明  陈训龙 《地震工程学报》2022,44(2):258-263

为了能考虑地震双向性和岩土体参数多种不确定性,提出了地震荷载下崩塌堆积体稳定可靠性分析方法,进一步研究水平和竖向地震荷载对崩塌堆积体的可靠性影响.运用极限平衡法和拟静力法分析了双向地震下崩塌堆积体的安全稳定性,采用响应面法和JC法建立崩塌堆积体的地震极限状态方程,然后,运用盲数理论对岩土体参数进行盲数化处理,进一步推导...  相似文献   

The economics of boldness: equity,action, and hope     

José Alberto Garibaldi 《Climate Policy》2014,14(1):82-101

Equity is usually interpreted in terms of the concept of justice, such that an equitable share of the atmospheric space is understood in terms of past emissions. This emphasizes the collective nature of sharing the burden of mitigation and the duty to act for those who have emitted the most. An alternative is considered: the aggregate costs and benefits to all Parties that could result from both increasing the level of collective ambition and implementing a climate regime that supports bold actions across all Parties. The regional impacts and carbon flow costs across differentiated scenarios are assessed and it is argued that the majority of developing-country Parties would be better off if a high ambition outcome to which all contributed, but some more than others. Moreover, those with middle or low emissions would have proportionally more to gain (or lose) relative to the level of ambition compared to those that have had higher emissions. The climate regime should be built on the principle of common but differentiated responsibility and respective capabilities (CBDR&RC), in which all act early even if some do much more; one that accounts for justice but does not forget hope.

Policy relevance

Differing interpretations of equity and the principles of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) are discussed, with a focus on how these can enhance or hinder collective action. Whilst the climate change negotiations are usually taken as games in which one party gains and another loses, and interactions are dogged by continuous conflict, it is explored instead how negotiation responses can be framed in terms of cooperation. This would emphasize the gains that could be achieved by common but differentiated collective action, which could result in a collective avoidance of impacts. The possibilities that this shift of perspective could bring are explored by comparing costs under global cooperation (or lack of it). It is found that cooperation reduces the total costs for these regions. Thus, thinking in terms of cooperation focuses the options for negotiation on the means and interpretations of the UNFCCC principles that spur action and avoid climate impacts through collective action.  相似文献   

Regional GHG reduction targets based on effort sharing: a comparison of studies     

Niklas Höhne  Michel den Elzen  Donovan Escalante 《Climate Policy》2014,14(1):122-147

Over 40 studies that analyse future GHG emissions allowances or reduction targets for different regions based on a wide range of effort-sharing approaches and long-term concentration stabilization levels are compared. This updates previous work undertaken for the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Regional reduction targets differ significantly for each effort-sharing approach. For example, in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) 1990 region, new proposals that emphasize the equity principles of responsibility, capability, and need, and those based on equal cumulative per capita emissions (carbon budgets), lead to relatively stringent emissions reduction targets. In order to reach a low concentration stabilization level of 450?ppm CO₂e, the allowances under all effort sharing approaches in OECD1990 for 2030 would be approximately half of the emissions of 2010 with a large range, roughly two-thirds in the Economies in Transition (EIT), roughly at the 2010 emissions level or slightly below in Asia, slightly above the 2010 level in the Middle East and Africa and well below the 2010 level in Latin America. For 2050, allowances in OECD1990 and EIT would be a fraction of today's emissions, approximately half of 2010 emission levels in Asia, and possibly less than half of the 2010 level in Latin America.

Policy relevance

The concept of equity and the stringency of future national GHG reduction targets are at the heart of the current debate on the new international climate change agreement to be adopted in 2015. Policy insights gained from an analysis of over 40 studies, which have quantitatively analysed the proposed GHG reduction targets, are presented. It is found that the outcome of effort-sharing approaches is often largely determined by the way the equity principle is implemented and that the distributional impacts of such approaches can be significantly different depending on the criteria used, the stabilization level and shape of the global emissions pathway. However, the current literature only covers a small proportion of the possible allocation approaches. There should thus be an in-depth modelling comparison to ensure consistency and comparability of results and inform decision making regarding the reduction of GHG emissions.  相似文献