稠油注蒸汽吞吐和蒸汽驱力学问题研究     

金英玉  周柳燕  于莉  张丽 《世界地质》2005,24(4):413-416

对水-水蒸汽两相流体流经配汽孔过程的能量分析,导出配汽孔面积与地层压力之间的关系;应用气液两相流体力学和传热学的原理,建立了井筒内的能量方程及分层配汽井筒工况分析的数据模型;根据动平衡理论,设计出一种新型的自动调节配汽器,实现固定配汽比例的目的。  相似文献   

A Light Portable Steam-driven Ice Drill Suitable for Drilling Holes in Ice and Firn     

Erich Heucke 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》1999,81(4):603-609

The purpose of this contribution is to explain the characteristics of a newly developed ice drill which is particularly geared to the needs of glaciologists. It is primarily designed for drilling holes for ablation stakes and for measuring water levels or temperatures in firn areas. Its distinguishing features are its light weight, making it easy to carry even over long distances, and the variety of tasks to which it can be adjusted. Furthermore, it is easy to operate even by one person.
Water is heated in a boiler by two gas flames to produce steam, which flows through an insulated hose to a nozzle. When the valve is opened the issuing steam condenses, and the heat released in the process melts the ice. The heater is constructed in such a way that it can easily be adapted to any form of gas supply locally available. It can be used for drilling in ice as well as in firn. The maximum drilling depth is 13 m in ice and 30 m in firn; hole diameters range from 25 to 45 mm. Mean drilling time is 16 min for 6 m, 35 min for 12 m in ice. The total weight is somewhat less than 16 kg, including all parts needed for drilling holes of 10 m in depth as well as the gas supply for one day. In recent years, devices of this type have been used successfully by scientists in various glaciated regions.  相似文献   

The Tarfala Mass Balance Programme     

Per Holmlund  & Peter Jansson 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》1999,81(4):621-631

The Tarfala mass balance programme currently comprises seven glaciers distributed in two, one southerly and one northerly, east-west trending profiles. Of the studied glaciers, Storglaciären has the longest record spanning 1945 to present. The purpose of the programme is to study gradients in mass balance parameters across the northern Scandinavian mountains. The measurements of both winter and summer balance are carried out with significant redundancy each year. In order to maintain such a large programme with limited personnel, different measurement techniques and strategies are applied to the different glaciers according to a priority scale. Storglaciären is the most important glacier in the network and is measured with high accuracy and measurement density. Storglaciren is also used as a reference for all other glaciers in the programme. The other glaciers have sparser measurement systems and are sometimes measured using alternative methods such as snow radar. In general, Swedish glaciers are still responding to the major climatic warming around 1910–1920 by retreat, and the effect of very long response times. However, measured volume change indicates that most glaciers are close to or varying around a quasi-steady state.  相似文献   

热采锅炉结垢模拟及其成分、微形貌研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张英  蔡元峰  刘喜林  齐先有  孙涛  潘宇观  武俊宪  谢加才  徐夕生  郭涛 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2006,25(2):121-128

为减少湿蒸汽热采锅炉结垢对油田生产造成的损失,设计了模拟湿蒸气发生器来模拟热采生产中的蒸汽产生过程,重点研究锅炉的结垢情况。对模拟油田产生蒸汽的模拟炉中水垢的粉末X射线衍射(XRD)、电子探针波谱成分分析(EP-MA)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)的研究表明,辐射段水垢主要由蒙脱石、针钠钙石和锥辉石组成,它们形成于相近的水热条件。水垢的XRD研究表明,蒙脱石和针钠钙石垢遍布整个水管,而锥辉石垢主要出现在水管尾部。形成锥辉石中的铁主要来源于水管的腐蚀,当水管表面形成一层水垢后,进水中的微量Fe成为另外一个重要来源。  相似文献   

稠油蒸汽热采区声波资料异常现象的物理解释及应用          下载免费PDF全文

赵克超  陶果  王克杰 《地球物理学进展》2007,22(2):502-507

针对稠油蒸汽热采区常见的声波资料异常现象, 根据双相多孔介质声波传播理论及相关实验结果,对于这一特殊的声波测井响应特征进行了解释,认为注入蒸汽的影响导致了纵波速度的低异常及幅度的强衰减, 而使声波测井资料显现出异常高时差值或出现“跳变”现象.据此总结了利用声波资料评价蒸汽波及范围与蒸汽前缘的解释方法,并进行了多井评价实验, 取得了满意结果.同时,也为利用孔隙介质弹性波动理论评价地下蒸汽分布范围的适用性提供了新的现场实际例证.  相似文献   

稠油注蒸汽热采过程中的水化学问题     

李雨新 《地球科学与环境学报》1993,(4)

本文简要论述了稠油注蒸汽采过程中所引发出的水化学问题,指出:在注蒸汽热采过程中,随着蒸汽的注入,将在储层内自注热井向四周逐渐形成一些连续过渡的温、压、pH值和水相状态不同的汽水浸润带,即蒸汽饱和带→蒸汽过热水混合带→过热水带→与储层温压条件相当的热水带,由于各带内状态条件的不同,故各带内所引发出的水-岩作用(包括矿物的溶解与沉淀作用)将是有所不同的,因而对各带内储层孔隙结构的影响程度也将是不同的。文中还扼要地介绍了对此进行水化学研究的方法原理和研究途径。  相似文献   

流体包裹体爆裂法在山东焦家金矿深部找矿中的潜在应用          下载免费PDF全文

程 伟 沈 昆 于学峰 王 强于雷亨  瞿友兰 《中国地质》2012,39(1):205-217

流体包裹体爆裂法作为一种辅助找矿手段,于20世纪70—80年代曾被前苏联和中国的地质工作者用于找矿勘探实践中,并取得了一定成效。以往许多爆裂法研究表明,矿体所在部位的爆裂强度(频次)较高,而随着远离矿体进入围岩,爆裂频次逐渐降低。一般认为这是由于围绕矿体热液活动强烈和流体包裹体丰度较高所致,因而在矿床(体)及其周围形成蒸发晕正异常。通过对胶西北地区焦家蚀变岩型金矿112线和144线8个钻孔的系统采样和爆裂法测试分析发现,焦家金矿床的花岗岩围岩爆裂曲线具有高的爆裂频次、明显的爆裂峰和高的相变峰,随着围岩蚀变增强,爆裂频次、爆裂峰和相变峰从钾化带经过黄铁绢英岩化带、硅化带到金矿石呈有规律降低,在矿体(化)中心,爆裂频次很低,不显示爆裂峰和相变峰,从而围绕矿体构成蒸发晕负异常。这些爆裂特征,特别是围绕矿体的蒸发晕负异常,对于胶北地区深部金矿找矿勘探具有潜在的应用价值。  相似文献   

蒸馏分离-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地球化学样品中痕量钌和锇   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

施意华  杨仲平  熊传信  徐华 《岩矿测试》2010,29(4):350-354

建立了蒸馏分离-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地球化学样品中痕量钌和锇的分析方法。进行了蒸馏温度和时间、氧化剂、吸收液等条件的选择,消除了等离子体质谱法测定钌和锇的干扰。样品用过氧化钠熔融,酸化后以高锰酸钾-过硫酸钾-氯化钠作为同时蒸馏钌和锇的氧化剂,采用20 mL 50 g/L水合肼溶液同时吸收从混合物中分离出来的痕量钌和锇,用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定。方法的检出限Ru为0.020 ng/g,Os为0.015 ng/g;方法加标回收率Ru为94.0%~102.7%,Os为96.0%~102.4%;精密度为4.72%~9.58%(n=12)。方法经国家一级标准物质验证,钌和锇的测定结果与标准值相符。  相似文献   

稠油油藏井间泥岩夹层对双水平井SAGD开发效果的影响     

唐帅  刘鹏程  潘莉莉  吴永彬  张金川 《现代地质》2016,30(2):388-393

为定量描述稠油油藏蒸汽辅助重力泄油(SAGD)开采过程中注采井间夹层对双水平井泄油通道与开发效果的影响,针对新疆油田A区块,利用CMG数值模拟软件建立了表征SAGD注采井间夹层的数值模拟模型,对注采井间存在不同大小、间距及物性夹层情况下的SAGD蒸汽腔发育形态与开发效果进行对比,得到了稠油油藏夹层非均质影响SAGD开发的临界特征参数。矿场实际的非均质SAGD井组夹层展布特征、蒸汽腔发育特征及生产效果对比结果表明,得到的结论与矿场实践一致,因此可用于指导并实现经济、高效的稠油油藏双水平井SAGD开发。  相似文献   

四川攀西地区钒钛磁铁矿成矿元素富集过程模拟与资源潜力评价     

刘才泽  秦建华  李明雄  张启明 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2013,43(3):758-764,775

根据层状含钒钛磁铁矿岩体的韵律特征及其铁质量分数变化规律,探索性地应用瑞利分馏模型模拟四川攀西地区攀枝花、红格、白马、太和等岩体成矿元素富集过程,分别建立了各岩体的统计模型和理想模型,并据此估算了铁矿石以及伴生钒、钛资源量。其中:攀枝花、红格、太和等岩体的数学模型比较一致,可能与这些岩体岩浆结晶分异比较彻底、成矿性好有关;而白马岩体的模型参数有较大差异,充分体现了该岩体结晶分异不彻底、成矿性相对较差的特点。  相似文献