石油污染对黄河口沉积物工程性质的影响     

王林昌  袁守启  邢可军 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2010,40(1)

对黄河口胜利油田某油井附近沉积物进行石油污染状况调查研究,采用坑探试验现场调查污染范围,发现油井沉积物在一定范围内存在石油污染,污染多在0.2～1.5 m深度内,水平距离在140～440 m之间.原位测试污染沉积物强度,取样进行室内石油浓度和沉积物物理力学指标测试.石油污染沉积物物理力学性质与未污染的有较大差别,污染后沉积物的重度、渗透系数和强度等均有所降低.污染后的沉积物结构,多成块状和板状结构.  相似文献   

World oil: Hotelling depletion or accelerating use?     

Duane Chapman 《Natural Resources Research》1993,2(4):331-339

In theoretical Hotelling-type models of resource depletion, oil use declines monotonically over time to depletion. However, world oil use has been increasing for several years. Can theory and reality be reconciled? The answer is affirmative, if theory is modified to accommodate outward-shifting demand functions that are rising in response to growth in world population and income. Under this assumption, a Hotelling depletion model projects a 50-year period of increasing world oil use before the decline to exhaustion. This holds for both competitive and monopolistic regimes. Hotelling theory has been criticized by Adelman and others, in part because of the unreality of the theoretical projections. By combining the modified Hotelling theory with U.S. Geological Survey resource estimates, the numerical projections seem congruent with Adelman's near-term expectations. Finally, a backstop technology, such as renewable biomass ethanol, introduces a new dimension. Assuming a $2-per-gallon cost for the ethanol, the modified Hotelling theory projects accelerating use of conventional oil until depletion or substitution. Consequently, it does not seem unreasonable to believe that a finite, limited resource of conventional oil is consistent with growing use for several decades. A projected exhaustion in 100 years is consisten with increasing use for 50 years.  相似文献   

Effects of search parameters on kriged reserve estimates     

Abdullah Arik 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1990,8(4):305-318

Summary Reliable ore reserve estimates for deposits with highly skewed grade distributions are difficult tasks to perform. Although some recent geostatistical techniques are available to handle problems with these estimations, ordinary kriging or conventional interpolation methods are still widely used to estimate the ore reserves for such deposits. The estimation results can be very sensitive to the search parameters used during the interpolation of grades with these methods.This paper compares the ore reserve estimates from ordinary kriging using several cases in which certain search parameters are varied. The comparisons are extended to different mineralizations to show the changing effects of these parameters.  相似文献   

从第55届EAEG年会看勘探地球物理发展方向     

李金铭 《地球物理学进展》1994,9(3):45-50

本文根据笔者在第５５届ＥＡＥＧ会议期间了解到的情况，对勘探地球物理在石油能源、固体矿产、水文地质、工程地质和环境地质等领域的进展作了综述，指出了今后的重点研究课题和发展方向。  相似文献   

论山东东营、惠民盆地油田水与油气聚集关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李春光 《地质论评》1994,40(4):340-346

山东东营、惠民盆地的油源断裂,即沟通生油岩与非生油岩的同生断裂发育区,出现了油田水的高含盐度分布带。它不仅与已知油气藏的分布相一致,而且水的含盐度异常值与石油储量之间呈正相关。笔者以东辛、现河庄和临商油田为例,分析了油田水与油气藏形成的成因和伴生关系,还用相关曲线定量预测了盆地新区石油地质储量,并经钻探证实其可靠性。  相似文献   

Petroleum isoprenoid hydrocarbons derived from catagenetic degradation of archaebacterial lipids     

J. Albaigés  J. Borbón  W. Walker 《Organic Geochemistry》1985,8(4):293-297

The three GC coeluting C₄₀ bis-phytanes with head-to-tail, tail-to-tail and head-to-head linkages considered to be archaebacterial markers, have been recognized in petroleum by enhanced mass-fragmentography. Supporting evidence has been obtained by the simultaneous occurrence of two C₂₁–C₂₄ series of isoprenoid and quasi-isoprenoid hydrocarbons that are supposedly formed during the catagenetic degradation of the isomeric C₄₀ isoprenoids. The C₂₁–C₂₄ quasi-isoprenoid hydrocarbons have been identified conclusively for the first time by comparison with authentic standards.  相似文献   

Sulfides in petroleum     

J.D. Payzant  D.S. Montgomery  O.P. Strausz   《Organic Geochemistry》1986,9(6)

The homologous series of terpenoid sulfides previously reported to be present in Athabasca bitumen have been detected in a variety of petroleums from the Western Hemisphere. All 22 samples examined, ranging in age from Devonoan to Cretaceous, contained the terpenoid sulfides. A method is described for the isolation of sulfides from petroleums based on the selective oxidation of sulfides to more polar sulfoxides which are easily removed from the mixture and their subsequent reduction to sulfides. The sulfide content in the petroleum maltenes examined ranged from 0.3 to 16.1% w/w. In addition to the bicyclic and tetracyclic terpenoid sulfides a new series of tricyclic terpenoid sulfides has been identified, and the details of the isoprenoid side chain have been elucidated for all three homologous series. The distributions by carbon number of the bicyclic and tetracyclic homologous series of terpenoid sulfides show pronounced variations which are attributed to thermal maturity and degree of water washing of the petroleum, thus the ability to identify terpenoid sulfides should provide a useful tool for oil-oil and oil-source rock correlation studies. The bicyclic and tricyclic terpenoid sulfides have the same carbon framework as the carotenoids which suggest that these sulfides were accessory pigments in photosynthesis.  相似文献   

油藏地球化学的基础与展望   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

张敏 《地质科技情报》1995,14(3):73-78

在系统综述国内外油藏地球化学研究现状和研究方法的基础上，着重介绍了其４个研究领域及地质意义，即：油藏地球化学描述、油藏原油混合作用原理、油藏中的有机隔层－沥青垫、油藏内有机－无机相互作用及储层润湿的改变。  相似文献   

Lacustrine basin hydrocarbon exploration – current thoughts     

Barry Jay Katz 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2001,26(2):161-179

Although much of the world's petroleum resource-base is associated with marine systems, regionally lacustrine petroleum systems are important. Individual accumulations may exceed several billion barrels. In each of these cases the oil is derived from a lacustrine source rock and may be produced from either nonmarine or marine reservoir rocks. The purpose of this paper is to describe the factors that control lacustrine source rock development and the nature of lacustrine reservoirs. Lacustrine oils display different physical and chemical characteristics than their marine counterparts. These differences can be related to the nature of their precursor material. Although the nature of the products are different, the geochemical threshold criteria for defining source rocks in both settings are the same because of common expulsion requirements. Commercially significant lacustrine systems require the presence of large, long-lived lakes. Such lake settings are tectonic in origin and restricted to climatic settings where precipitation exceeds evaporation. Within these large lake systems three primary factors determine source rock potential and quality. These factors are primary productivity level, organic preservation potential, and matrix sedimentation rate, which controls the dilution of preserved organic matter. Source rock potential is maximized where both productivity and preservation potential are maximized and sedimentation rate is minimized. To some degree these factors can compensate for each other. Hydrocarbon reservoir potential within lacustrine basins is partially impacted by overall tectonic setting. Within extensional settings, transport distances tend to be limited, with much of the sediment being transported away from the basin. The sediments delivered to the lake are poorly sorted and sedimentologically immature, commonly resulting in poor reservoirs due to both primary properties and their susceptibility to diagenesis. Within rifts better reservoirs tend to develop along platform or flexural margins. Stacking of reservoirs is important in lacustrine systems but baffles and barriers are often present between individual sand units. These barriers form as a result of lake level fluctuations. In compressional settings transport distances tend to be longer, resulting in more mature, better sorted sediments leading to higher quality reservoirs. These reservoirs typically develop in fluvial-deltaic and wave-dominated shoreline settings. Lacustrine carbonate reservoirs are locally important. These carbonates tend to develop during lake level lowstands and are dependent on diagenesis (dissolution and karstification) for porosity and permeability development. Lacustrine reservoirs are often stratigraphically and areally limited and display low individual well production rates. Within pure lacustrine systems exploration opportunities appear to be often restricted by either reservoir presence or quality (i.e., production rates). The best exploration opportunities in lacustrine basins appear to be associated with hybrid systems where a lacustrine source and marine reservoir exist.  相似文献   

塔里木盆地西北缘二叠系礁灰岩的时空分布特征及其油气地质意义   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

罗金海车自成  周新源李勇李建立  张敬艺 《地质论评》2007,53(5):600-607

对塔里木盆地西北缘二叠系礁灰岩的岩石、岩相、沉积演化和油气地质特征的分析表明,生物礁主要发育于中二叠统栖霞阶昆克拉契组和巴立克立克组,以亮晶藻粘结灰岩为主,具有堤礁的特点。二叠系礁灰岩较大的厚度表明,当时礁体生长速率与礁基沉降（或水体加深）的速率匹配较好,具有进积型沉积的特点,这与当时塔里木地块内部的退积型沉积特点是不一致的。礁灰岩的原生孔隙较小,可以作为中等烃源岩,在哈拉峻盆地的东南侧和乌什凹陷北缘的覆盖区之下可能构成与礁灰岩相关的油气远景区。  相似文献