Cause of winter gravity wave spectrum saturation     

WU Yongfu & XU Jiyao Laboratory for Space Weather  Center for Space Science  Applied Research  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing  China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(10)

Gravity waves play a significant role in establishing the large-scale circulation and structure of the middle atmosphere. Through gravity wave saturation proc-esses, such motions are believed to cause turbulence, resulting in divergence of momentum flux and the diffusion of heat and constituents in the meso-sphere[1,2]. The mechanisms that contribute signifi-cantly to the gravity wave saturation are thought to be the dynamical and convective instabilities[3]. However, it is difficult to distin…  相似文献   

Study on simulating strong ground motion by fractal stochastic method     

GUO Meng-qiu  WANG Bin  XU Zhao-yong 《地震学报(英文版)》2005,18(4):490-495

The time history of strong ground motion can be synthesized by empirical Green's function (EGF) method.Firstly a large seismic event is discretized into a series of subevents; secondly recordings of earthquakes with proper size and spatial distribution are chosen as time history (EGF) of those subevents; finally the EGFs are summated to get the time history of ground motion caused by the large event.  相似文献   

固沙林庇护区内降尘特征的初步观测   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

张华  何红  李锋瑞 《干旱区地理》2005,28(2):156-160

采用野外定位实测法,连续两年对科尔沁沙地24龄人工固沙杨树(Populussimonii)林庇护区内4～6月份及强沙尘暴事件中的降尘特征进行了观测研究。结果表明:(1)林地庇护区内4、5月份的降尘量较多,分别为273和437kg/hm2,6月份的降尘量较少,为171kg/hm2。(2)林地中央的滞尘效应在风蚀季节和强沙尘暴天气过程中十分显著。(3)林地庇护区内的降尘中粒径<0.02mm颗粒含量占60.7%,降尘中的全C、全N和速效P含量分别高达1.676%、0.163%和210.66mg/kg,这对风沙土表层土壤的细化和养分的积累具有重要的生态学意义。  相似文献   

射电望远镜远场区域强干扰源规避方法研究          下载免费PDF全文

李欢  刘奇  王娜  蔡明辉  王玥  朱春花  苏晓明 《天文学报》2021,62(6):61

随着频率使用率的提高, 射电天文台址地面或空间存在强电磁干扰致使望远镜接收机系统处于非线性状态. 为减少强电磁干扰的影响、提高天文观测效率, 提出了一种基于望远镜远场区域的强干扰源规避方法. 首先, 通过仿真分析确定的射电望远镜远场方向图, 结合望远镜与干扰源之间的位置关系, 分析了强电磁干扰到达射电望远镜焦点处的功率响应, 并依据接收机第2阶中频放大器性能参数, 确定射电望远镜处于非饱和状态的规避角度计算方法. 其次, 采用该方法计算分析了民航飞机对射电望远镜的影响, 若民航飞机上有主动发射的干扰源, 且不经过反射等传播现象, 当射电望远镜主波束轴偏开一定方向后, 可有效降低对射电望远镜的干扰强度.  相似文献   

The Upstream “Strong Signals” of the Water Vapor Transport over the Tibetan Plateau during a Heavy Rainfall Event in the Yangtze River Basin   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Yang Zhao  Xiangde Xu  Bin Chen  Yinjun Wang 《大气科学进展》2016,33(12):1343-1350

A heavy rainfall event that occurred over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin(YRB) during July11–13 2000 is explored in this study. The potential/stream function is used to analyze the upstream "strong signals" of the water vapor transport in the Tibetan Plateau(TP). The studied time period covers from 2000 LST 5 July to 2000 LST 15 July(temporal resolution: 6 hours). By analyzing the three-dimensional structure of the water vapor flux, vorticity and divergence prior to and during the heavy rainfall event, the upstream "strong signals" related to this heavy rainfall event are revealed. A strong correlation exists between the heavy rainfall event in the YRB and the convective clouds over the TP. The "convergence zone" of the water vapor transport is also identified, based on correlation analysis of the water vapor flux two days and one day prior to, and on the day of, the heavy rainfall. And this "convergence zone" coincides with the migration of the maximum rainfall over the YRB. This specific coupled structure actually plays a key role in generating heavy rainfall over the YRB. The eastward movement of the coupled system with a divergence/convergence center of the potential function at the upper/lower level resembles the spatiotemporal evolution of the heavy rainfall event over the YRB. These upstream "strong signals" are clearly traced in this study through analyzing the three-dimensional structure of the potential/stream function of upstream water vapor transport.  相似文献   

京津冀地区中α尺度飑线过程中大风特征分析及成因初探     

吴紫煜  姚雯  李超 《气象与环境科学》2016,39(2):90-98

应用常规天气观测资料、地面加密自动气象站资料、大风灾情报资料、京津冀地区7部多普勒天气雷达组网观测资料及VDRAS资料,从多个角度对2013年8月4日京津冀地区一次飑线过程产生的大范围大风天气过程进行了分析,结果显示:此次过程是在高空冷空气南下、低层暖湿气流北上、系统前倾及位势不稳定的有利层结条件下,由多单体风暴演变为中α尺度的强飑线所致。飑线形成于低层垂直切变加强、冷池合并之后;大风主要发生在飑线主体回波中,其次是主体回波前和中前,主体回波后很少发生。大风发生的位置取决于飑线结构中气流的性质,气流的性质与冷池前进的程度和对流的强度关系密切。大风大部分由下沉冷气流产生,少数为近地面上升暖气流导致。大风发生的范围和强度与低层风垂直切变的强度呈正比,大范围低层风垂直切变的加强增强了飑线入流和出流的强度,是大范围大风、局部强风形成的重要原因。大风发生站次与冷池的强度和范围密切相关,冷池的加强和范围的扩大加强了后侧冷入流和前侧暖入流的强度和范围,也是大范围大风形成的重要因素。  相似文献   

一次下击暴流天气特征分析     

李改琴  吴丽敏  许庆娥 《气象与环境科学》2016,39(3):60-67

利用河南濮阳CINRDA/SB多普勒雷达探测资料,结合常规天气图资料、地面自动站资料等,对2011年7月10日发生在河南濮阳的下击暴流天气进行诊断分析。分析表明:此次下击暴流天气以高空快速下滑的低压槽为背景,高空冷空气叠加在低空暖舌之上,使大气具有强烈的层结不稳定。大气环境场呈倒"V"形的垂直温湿分布:云底位于700 h Pa高度,云底以下空气干燥,气温直减率约为9℃/km,接近干绝热气温直减率,有利于干下击暴流的发生。地面辐合线的存在和弱冷空气的侵袭,为强风暴单体的产生提供了动力抬升条件。从多普勒雷达产品上看,风暴初始回波发生在一条稳定的晴空窄带回波上,通过单体间的合并加强,发展成为孤立的多单体强风暴;风暴反射率因子反复在3—6 km高度强烈发展,风暴反射率因子强核高度反复4次快速下降,形成强烈的冷下沉气流,在底层出现强烈的径向辐散风;径向速度图上中层一直存在向着反射率因子核心的辐合特征,这正是下击暴流的风场特征。  相似文献   

青鱼(Mylopharyngodon piceus)新发病病原类志贺邻单胞菌(Plesiomonas shigelloides)的分离鉴定     

叶键  刘晓宁  王晓  徐慧  沈文英  高敏杰  章晓栋 《海洋与湖沼》2016,47(3):633-639

为研究青鱼暴发性死亡原因,从病症典型青鱼(Mylopharyngodon piceus)肌肉、肝脏和肾脏处进行细菌接种,分离获得一株细菌(HZ2015),对其进行了形态观察、生化特性检测和16S r RNA序列分析,通过动物回归实验、毒力检测和药敏试验了解其对青鱼的致病性、毒力及药物敏感性。所得菌株为类志贺邻单胞菌(Plesiomonas shigelloides),动物回归实验能复制出类似症状,且能从体内再次分离到该菌株;分离株对小鼠的半数致死量(LD50)为106.6 CFU;对头孢呋辛、头孢哌酮、庆大霉素、卡那霉素、复达欣高度敏感。研究表明,菌株HZ2015为青鱼体表溃烂病病原,本研究系类志贺邻单胞菌致青鱼体表溃烂病的首次报道。  相似文献   

Characteristics of karst groundwater system in the northern basin of Laiyuan Spring area          下载免费PDF全文

LI Bo  LI Xue-mei 《地下水科学与工程》2018,6(4):261-269

Guided by the theory of groundwater system, based on the groundwater level data from the northern basin of Laiyuan Spring area, the authors took into account factors such as the lithology, geological structure and topography to study the relationship between groundwater recharge, runoff and drainage in this area. It was concluded that the infiltration of atmospheric precipitation is the main source of groundwater supply in this area; the upper layer of the Spring area is distributed with the Cambrian-Lower Ordovician karst water, and the lower layer is filled with the Jixian system karst water. The upper layer of karst water supplies to the lower layer of karst water or the pore water in loose strata through the fault while the lower layer of karst water runs to the three strong runoff belts from the east and west sides of the watershed, southwards into the basin, partially replenishing the pore water in loose strata, or forming fault Springs (e.g. Nanguan Spring, Beihai Spring) when dolomite movement encounters faults. Replenished by atmospheric precipitation and the upper and lower layers of karst waters, the pore water in loose strata joins the groundwater in the southern basin and then flows eastwards, in the end it flows out of the system in Shangfanpu. Through the analyses of groundwater level data and hydrogeological drilling data, based on groundwater D and 18O isotope test results, the karst groundwater circulation system in the northern basin of Laiyuan Spring area is further verified, which provides hydrogeological basis for water resources development and utilization as well as protection in this area.  相似文献   

冷空气强风在大型城市中的精细结构和形成机制     

向杰勋  陈桂兴  姜平  吴乃庚  温之平 《大气科学》2019,43(3):577-597

地面强风可直接造成人员伤亡和经济损失,严重影响出行安全、工农业生产等社会秩序。强风的发生与天气系统和复杂下垫面的共同作用密切相关,在城市区域尤为明显。受数值模拟技术和计算资源的限制,对实际天气条件下大范围城区的强风现象进行建筑物分辨率的大规模数值模拟研究仍是一个挑战。本研究利用中尺度气象模式嵌套流体计算动力模式的超高分辨率局地气象预报系统,对强冷空气过程造成广州市区的一次强风事件进行数值模拟,深入探讨强风的精细结构和形成机制。结果表明,伴随着强冷空气入侵,广州市区的平均风速和风场高频扰动均明显增强,且在城市冠层顶尤为明显,呈现区域不均匀的三维结构,数值模拟与地面观测相一致。较大范围的强风速和阵风主要出现在建筑物较为低矮的老城区上空,并持续影响下游河道等开阔区域。在高层建筑密集的新城区,虽然整体风速明显减弱,但能在平行风向的街道狭管和下游区域形成局地强风。特别是,超高层建筑群引起显著的垂直环流,导致强风扰动向下传播,造成最大风速达8 m s?1的地面局地强风,阵风指数接近2。上游建筑群引起的风场扰动呈现大尺度湍流结构,能沿着平均气流传播影响数公里之远的下游地区。当风场扰动经过广州塔等单体超高层建筑时,可在其两侧绕流区再次加强,形成局地强风。局地强风和阵风还出现在垂直于风向排列的沿江高层建筑群的侧边,与建筑屏风的阻挡效应和缺口溢出有关。研究结果促进认识城市强风的时空特征和物理机制,有助于提升城市气象的精细化预报水平。  相似文献