悬索桥主缆架设测量方法与误差修正     

葛文  黄腾  欧乐  朱春宁 《测绘与空间地理信息》2015,(7):220-224

分析了悬索桥主缆架设测量的主要误差来源,提出了几种相应的改进方法。在主缆基准索股架设测量过程中,综合考虑测量误差,采取反推仪器高法修正仪器高量取误差;垂度测量时,采用上下安装棱镜的夹具工装,即通过测上下棱镜的标高,取其平均值推算出基准索股垂度;一般索股采用改进的相对基准索股法进行测量调整。上述方法在实际应用中获得了较好的结果,能满足主缆架设测量的精度要求,可供类似桥梁工程借鉴。  相似文献   

Birds, seals and the suspension culture of mussels in Bantry Bay, a non-seaduck area in Southwest Ireland   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

D. Roycroft  T.C. Kelly  L.J. Lewis 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2004,61(4):703-712

Concerns about the environmental impacts of mariculture have grown in recent years in response to the rapid expansion of the industry. The blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) is the main product of shellfish mariculture in the Northeast Atlantic and Baltic Sea, with approximately one third of the harvest cultured using suspended longlines within sheltered marine areas. The main aim of this study was to examine the interactions, and assess the impacts (if any) of mussel suspension culture on the seabird and seal community, employing a simultaneous study of culture and control sites. The study spanned a 20-month period (from November 2001 to August 2003) and encompassed six sites in Bantry Bay (Southwest Ireland).There was no significant difference in species richness between mussel and control sites. Similarly, species diversity did not significantly differ between the mussel and control sites although control sites were generally more diverse than mussel sites, the latter particularly dominated by large numbers of Laridae.Significantly higher numbers of Phalacrocoracidae, Laridae and Alcidae were recorded in mussel sites than in control sites. However, no significant difference was found between Gaviidae or common seal (Phoca vitulina) numbers in mussel and control sites. Seasonal patterns of abundance were similar in mussel and control sites, with peak numbers of most species groups occurring in spring.Mussel suspension culture does not appear to have an adverse effect on the abundance of seabirds or common seals in this area. The safe perching platforms provided by suspension culture floats, combined with a number of other factors, contribute to an increased abundance of a number of seabird species, particularly Laridae. The possible interactions between vertebrate predators and mussel suspension aquaculture are discussed and possible explanations for the increased seabird abundance observed in these areas are offered.  相似文献   

长江口及邻近海域悬浮颗粒重晶石特征与成因探讨     

逄悦  范德江  孙晓霞  刘明  杨作升 《沉积学报》2016,34(3):523-530

海洋环境中重晶石的形成和保存是元素Ba生物地球化学过程的重要环节,在反演海洋古生产力领域具有重要价值。但是多年来该方面的研究主要集中在深海海域,而对河口及近海海域很少涉及。本研究使用SEM和EDX等方法对长江口及邻近海域5个断面36个站位的悬浮体中的重晶石矿物进行了系统的观察,对重晶石颗粒类型、空间分布和影响因素进行了研究。结果表明:该区重晶石颗粒包含自形晶体、长条状晶体、不规则形态晶体和集合体等4种类型,含少量Sr元素,大部分重晶石颗粒表面出现溶蚀现象;重晶石颗粒粒径主要分布在0.5~3 μm。通过研究发现,长江口及邻近海域悬浮体中重晶石的形成主要受到微环境中生物作用的控制,该区初级生产力的发育状态和重晶石颗粒的沉降差异造成重晶石空间分布具有表层含量较多、由岸向外增加的现象。  相似文献   

Finite element model updating for structures with parametric constraints     

Q. W. Zhang  C. C. Chang  T. Y. P. Chang 《地震工程与结构动力学》2000,29(7):927-944

This paper presents a finite element (FE) model updating procedure applied to complex structures using an eigenvalue sensitivity‐based updating approach. The objective of the model updating is to reduce the difference between the calculated and the measured frequencies. The method is based on the first‐order Taylor‐series expansion of the eigenvalues with respect to some structural parameters selected to be adjusted. These parameters are assumed to be bounded by some prescribed regions which are determined according to the degrees of uncertainty that exist in the parameters. The changes of these parameters are found iteratively by solving a constrained optimization problem. The improvement of the current study is in the use of an objective function that is the sum of a weighted frequency error norm and a weighted perturbation norm of the parameters. Two weighting matrices are introduced to provide flexibility for individual tuning of frequency errors and parameters' perturbations. The proposed method is applied to a 1/150 scaled suspension bridge model. Using 11 measured frequencies as reference, the FE model is updated by adjusting ten selected structural parameters. The final updated FE model for the suspension bridge model is able to produce natural frequencies in close agreement with the measured ones. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于SHMS的润扬悬索桥桥址区北风特性的研究     

谢静  李爱群  王浩 《地震学刊》2009,(2):213-218

气象研究表明,作用在润扬悬索桥上的强风荷载主要是夏季台风和冬季偏北大风。运营近三年来,润扬悬索桥结构健康监测系统（SHMS）中的风速仪记录了经过该桥址区的大量强风样本。本文通过对北京时间2007-03-10 T13：00～2007-03-10 T16：00期间的实测强北风风速风向数据的分析,得到了该时段的风速和风向、紊流强度、紊流积分尺度、紊流功率谱密度函数等强风特性。结果表明,桥址区实测北风风速风向较稳定;顺风向紊流功率谱密度函数与Kaimal谱吻合较好;紊流强度较规范偏高。  相似文献   

Settling velocity of the suspended sediment in three high-energy environments   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Martin Sanchez   《Ocean Engineering》2006,33(5-6):665-678

  相似文献   

悬索桥重力式锚碇结构变位规律研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李家平  李永盛  王如路 《岩土力学》2007,28(1):145-150

采用室内相似模型试验和数值模拟方法,对某悬索桥重力式锚碇变位问题进行了研究。相似模型的几何相似常数为1:100,体积力相似常数为1:1.325。数值模拟取相似模型试验条件,土体服从摩尔-库仑准则,锚碇和围护结构视作弹性体,选用模型试验相似材料实际参数。研究表明,软土中锚碇结构的变位随锚拉力变化的规律为：在锚拉力作用下,锚碇不仅向前水平位移,而且产生前端下沉、后端隆起的刚体转动,变位随锚拉力的增加呈非线性增大。锚碇基础下部地基加固、锚碇基坑围护结构以及锚碇周围土体对提高锚碇稳定性具有积极作用。  相似文献   

激光干涉绝对重力仪参考棱镜隔振系统仿真   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

张兵  滕云田  邢丽莉  吴琼  程丽娜  张涛 《地球物理学报》2017,60(11):4221-4230

在激光干涉绝对重力仪中,参考棱镜在背景振动和系统自振的作用下呈现复杂的振动模式,严重影响了整机的测量准确度.针对此问题,本文基于磁悬浮原理设计了参考棱镜的反馈式两级振动隔离系统,建立了系统的动力学模型,在不同的反馈方式下推导了相应的传递函数,进行了Matlab仿真分析以确定最优的反馈方式.系统仿真结果表明绝对速度反馈方式的隔振效果可达100 dB,与自主研发的Age-110型激光干涉绝对重力仪的联合测试结果表明,该隔振系统可将Age-110的测量精度再提高1.5倍.  相似文献   

Transport of suspended sediments under the influence of bank macro‐roughness          下载免费PDF全文

Carmelo Juez  Iria Bühlmann  Gaetan Maechler  Anton J. Schleiss  Mário J. Franca 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2018,43(1):271-284

River restoration works often include measures to promote morphological diversity and enhance habitat suitability. One of these measures is the creation of macro‐roughness elements, such as lateral cavities and embayments, in the banks of channelized rivers. However, in flows that are heavily charged with fine sediments in suspension, such as glacier‐fed streams and very low‐gradient reaches of large catchment rivers, these lateral cavities may trap these sediments. Consequently, the morphological changes may be affected, and the functionality of the restoration interventions may be compromised. Herein, we analyse the influence of these macro‐roughness elements on the transport of fine sediments in the main channel. Laboratory tests with uniform flow charged with sediments in a channel with banks equipped with large‐scale rectangular roughness elements were carried out. The laboratory experiments covered a wide range of rectangular cavity geometrical configurations and shallowness ratios. The influence of key parameters such as flow shallowness, geometric ratios of the cavities and initial sediment concentration was tested. Surface particle image velocimetry, sediment samples and temporal turbidity records were collected during the experiments. The amount of sediments captured by the cavities, the temporal evolution of the concentration of sediments in suspension and the flow hydrodynamics are cross‐analysed and discussed. It is shown that the trapping efficiency of the macro‐roughness elements is a clear function of the channel geometry and the shallowness of the flow. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于形状记忆合金-悬吊质量摆减振系统的结构地震响应分析          下载免费PDF全文

牛健  阎石 《世界地震工程》2020,(4):130-137

针对风电塔架结构内部有限的空间,设计一种新型减振系统。基于悬吊质量摆减振原理,利用形状记忆合金（SMA）的超弹性特性,将SMA丝与弹簧叠加成SMA阻尼器后并与悬吊质量摆复合,设计了一种形状记忆合金-悬吊质量摆阻尼器（SMA-SMPD）系统。研究了细部构造、减振原理和参数影响,并利用Matlab软件对单自由度体系在不同地震作用下的动力响应进行了数值模拟。结果表明:所设计的刚度和质量可调的SMA-SMPD是有效的。与结构受控频率相调时,将结构振动能量集中转换到SMA-SMPD上,可耗散结构振动能量,减震率可达30%~40%,且整体性能稳定,对结构动力响应控制效果显著。  相似文献