3-D Geological Modeling–Concept, Methods and Key Techniques   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

PAN Mao  LI Zhaoliang  GAO Zhongbo  YANG Yang  WU Gengyu 《《地质学报》英文版》2012,86(4):1031-1036

3-D geological modeling plays an increasingly important role in Petroleum Geology, Mining Geology and Engineering Geology. The complexity of geological conditions requires different modeling methods in different situations. This paper summarizes the general concept of geological modeling; compares the characteristics of borehole-based modeling, cross-section based modeling and multi-source interactive modeling; analyses key techniques in 3-D geological modeling; and highlights the main difficulties and directions of future studies.  相似文献   

综合物探方法在太原市蒙山采空区探测中的应用     

刘国辉  刘志远  李达  张雪娟 《物探与化探》2012,36(6):1020-1023

针对太原市蒙山煤矿采空区地形起伏较大、需弯线测量等因素制约的特殊场地条件,提出了阵列形式观测的高密度电阻率法和单点测量方式的瞬变电磁法相结合的综合物探方法.前者二维异常反演分辨率较高,可弥补瞬变电磁法浅部探测盲区,后者具有探测深度大的优势,采用一维异常反演方式可弥补高密度电阻率法受剖面折线展布和地形起伏影响的缺点.由此查明了该矿区采空区的位置及分布情况,后期钻探验证表明所采用的综合物探方法是行之有效的.该综合物探方法组合模式实现了两种物探方法的优势互补,可为同类场地条件下探测煤层采空区提供有意义的借鉴.  相似文献   

山东省金刚石深部找矿成果及技术进展          下载免费PDF全文

肖丙建  王伟德  冯爱平  褚志远  王玉峰  赵红娟  朱成河  吕青 《山东国土资源》2021,37(11)

自原国土资源部等四部委发布《找矿突破战略行动纲要（2011—2020年)》,山东加强了对蒙阴金刚石原生矿深部及外围的勘查,深部及外围找矿工作取得丰硕成果,并在金刚石找矿方法和综合研究方面取得改进和新认识。本文总结了10年来山东省第七地质矿产勘查院金刚石找矿成果,蒙阴常马庄和西峪金刚石原生矿深部钻探控制至1000m,新增金刚石矿物量550万ct,改进了金刚石原生矿重砂矿物组合和粒级,完善了金刚石找矿方法和选矿方法,对金刚石成矿理论取得新认识,并在深部新发现含金刚石的金伯利岩管,在蒙阴金刚石原生矿外围发现了含金刚石的煌斑岩,查明了费县朱田大井头岩管为含金刚石的钾镁煌斑岩岩管。编制了《矿产地质勘查规范金刚石》,填补了我国没有《金刚石矿勘查规范》的空白,对我国今后的金刚石矿勘查具有重要的指导作用。  相似文献   

三维激光扫描仪测量方法与前景展望   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3  

张启福  孙现申 《北京测绘》2011,(1):39-42

首先详细论述了三维激光扫描仪测距、测角、扫描及定向的若干方法,然后通过三维激光扫描仪发展现状的介绍,及各项技术参数图表式对比、分析,得出了三维激光扫描仪测程、精度及扫描速率之间的关系.针对三维激光扫描仪的局限性,提出其会向精密定位、多功能集成、完全国产化、软件公用化等方向发展的趋势.  相似文献   

浅谈厦门市大比例尺数字栅格地图的生产方法     

林先秀 《现代测绘》2011,34(6)

为了满足厦门市城市规划、设计和建设的需要,2009年厦门市国土资源与房产管理局组织实施了厦门市1∶2000比例尺地形图测绘及空间数据库建设Ⅱ期项目。该项目涵盖了多坐标系、多比例尺、多类别的共计17种产品。本文主要就厦门市1∶2000比例尺数字栅格图的生产方法做一些技术上的探讨。  相似文献   

GPS CORS系统实时定位精度检测方法探讨   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

龚真春  杨晋强  白冰  韩平 《测绘与空间地理信息》2011,34(3):88-90

GPS连续运行参考站系统(CORS)的实时动态定位(RTK)精度是用户最关心的内容.简要介绍了影响系统定位精度的主要因素,对GPS CORS系统的实时定位精度测试方法进行了探讨,并对几种测试方法进行了分析和比较.工程试验结果表明:综合使用几种方法,可以较全面、有效地检测GPS CORS系统的实时定位精度.  相似文献   

Response of single benthic metrics and multi-metric methods to anthropogenic pressure gradients, in five distinct European coastal and transitional ecosystems   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Borja A  Barbone E  Basset A  Borgersen G  Brkljacic M  Elliott M  Garmendia JM  Marques JC  Mazik K  Muxika I  Magalhães Neto J  Norling K  Rodríguez JG  Rosati I  Rygg B  Teixeira H  Trayanova A 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(3):499-513

In recent times many benthic indices have been proposed to assess the ecological quality of marine waters worldwide. In this study we compared single metrics and multi-metric methods to assess coastal and transitional benthic status along human pressure gradients in five distinct environments across Europe: Varna bay and lake (Bulgaria), Lesina lagoon (Italy), Mondego estuary (Portugal), Basque coast (Spain) and Oslofjord (Norway). Hence, 13 single metrics (abundance, number of taxa, and several diversity and sensitivity indices) and eight of the most common indices used within the European Water Framework Directive (WFD) for benthic assessment were selected: index of size spectra (ISS), Benthic assessment tool (BAT), Norwegian quality index (NQI), Multivariate AMBI (M-AMBI), Benthic quality index (BQI), (Benthic ecosystem quality index (BEQI), Benthic index based on taxonomic sufficiency (BITS), and infaunal quality index (IQI). Within each system, sampling sites were ordered in an increasing pressure gradient according to a preliminary classification based on professional judgement. The different indices are largely consistent in their response to pressure gradient, except in some particular cases (i.e. BITS, in all cases, or ISS when a low number of individuals is present). Inconsistencies between indicator responses were most pronounced in transitional waters (i.e. IQI, BEQI), highlighting the difficulties of the generic application of indicators to all marine, estuarine and lagoonal environments. However, some of the single (i.e. ecological groups approach, diversity, richness) and multi-metric methods (i.e. BAT, M-AMBI, NQI) were able to detect such gradients both in transitional and coastal environments, being these multi-metric methods more consistent in the detection than single indices. This study highlights the importance of survey design and good reference conditions for some indicators. The agreement observed between different methodologies and their ability to detect quality trends across distinct environments constitutes a promising result for the implementation of the WFD’s monitoring plans. Moreover, these results have management implications, regarding the dangers of misclassification, uncertainty in the assessment, use of conflicting indices, and testing and validation of indices.  相似文献   

Discontinuous Galerkin methods for modeling Hurricane storm surge   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Clint Dawson  Ethan J. KubatkoChristopher Mirabito  Craig MichoskiNishant Panda 《Advances in water resources》2011,34(9):1165-1176

Storm surge due to hurricanes and tropical storms can result in significant loss of life, property damage, and long-term damage to coastal ecosystems and landscapes. Computer modeling of storm surge can be used for two primary purposes: forecasting of surge as storms approach land for emergency planning and evacuation of coastal populations, and hindcasting of storms for determining risk, development of mitigation strategies, coastal restoration and sustainability.Storm surge is modeled using the shallow water equations, coupled with wind forcing and in some events, models of wave energy. In this paper, we will describe a depth-averaged (2D) model of circulation in spherical coordinates. Tides, riverine forcing, atmospheric pressure, bottom friction, the Coriolis effect and wind stress are all important for characterizing the inundation due to surge. The problem is inherently multi-scale, both in space and time. To model these problems accurately requires significant investments in acquiring high-fidelity input (bathymetry, bottom friction characteristics, land cover data, river flow rates, levees, raised roads and railways, etc.), accurate discretization of the computational domain using unstructured finite element meshes, and numerical methods capable of capturing highly advective flows, wetting and drying, and multi-scale features of the solution.The discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method appears to allow for many of the features necessary to accurately capture storm surge physics. The DG method was developed for modeling shocks and advection-dominated flows on unstructured finite element meshes. It easily allows for adaptivity in both mesh (h) and polynomial order (p) for capturing multi-scale spatial events. Mass conservative wetting and drying algorithms can be formulated within the DG method.In this paper, we will describe the application of the DG method to hurricane storm surge. We discuss the general formulation, and new features which have been added to the model to better capture surge in complex coastal environments. These features include modifications to the method to handle spherical coordinates and maintain still flows, improvements in the stability post-processing (i.e. slope-limiting), and the modeling of internal barriers for capturing overtopping of levees and other structures. We will focus on applications of the model to recent events in the Gulf of Mexico, including Hurricane Ike.  相似文献   

3D inversion of gravity data by separation of sources and the method of local corrections: Kolarovo gravity high case study     

Ilya Prutkin  Peter VajdaRobert Tenzer  Miroslav Bielik 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2011,75(3):472-478

We present a novel methodology for 3D gravity/magnetic data inversion. It combines two algorithms for preliminary separation of sources and an original approach to 3D inverse problem solution. The first algorithm is designed to separate sources in depth and to remove the shallow ones. It is based on subsequent upward and downward data continuation. For separation in the lateral sense, we approximate the given observed data by the field of several 3D line segments. For potential field data inversion we apply a new method of local corrections. The method is efficient and does not require trial-and-error forward modeling. It allows retrieving unknown 3D geometry of anomalous objects in terms of restricted bodies of arbitrary shape and contact surfaces. For restricted objects, we apply new integral equations of gravity and magnetic inverse problems. All steps of our methodology are demonstrated on the Kolarovo gravity anomaly in the Danube Basin of Slovakia.  相似文献   

陕西地区地震动衰减关系研究     

范文  杜文和  王晓军  邵辉成  文毅 《地震工程与工程振动》2011,31(2):47-54

通过分析陕西省丰富的地震活动资料,包括鲜明的地震活动与震害分布的地域性特点以及地震地质环境特点,将陕西省分为三个分区,来进行地震动衰减关系的研究.研究内容主要包括地震烈度衰减关系和基岩地震动衰减关系.选择美国西部作为参考区,三个分区分别作为研究区,采用可逆法进行映射转换计算,得到了三个分区的基岩地震动衰减关系,在转换过...  相似文献