Structural and 40Ar/39Ar mineral age constraints for the tectonothermal evolution of the Green Head Group and Brookville Gneiss,southern New Brunswick,Canada: Implications for the configuration of the Avalon composite terrane     

R. Damian Nance  R. David Dallmeyer 《Geological Journal》1994,29(4):293-322

In the late Precambrian Avalon composite terrane of the Canadian Appalachians, the local juxtaposition of Avalonian successions against gneiss complex–platformal metasedimentary rock associations of uncertain relationship to the Avalonian overstep sequence has raised important questions about the configuration of the composite terrane. Typical of this relationship is the juxtapostion of Avalonian arc-related packages (Caledonia assemblage) with the migmatitic Brookville Gneiss and metacarbonate–quartzite Green Head Group (Brookville assemblage) along the Caledonia Fault in southern New Brunswick. Polyphase deformation of the predominantly greenschist facies Green Head Group accompanied development of a regional ductile shear zone that separates the group from the amphibolite facies Brookville Gneiss. Heterogeneous ductile flow in carbonate rocks and the development of a regional foliation was followed by NW-directed shortening and the local development of a penetrative axial planar fabric that intensifies towards the shear zone. Associated structural elements suggest regional dextral transpression, consistent with the metamorphic contrast across the shear zone. Steeply plunging east–west folds may record younger, sinistral movement on associated NE–SW faults. Deformation coincident with metamorphic culmination in the Brookville Gneiss produced a gneissic foliation that was later deformed to produce widespread minor folds of sheath-like geometry. These folds are best developed proximal to the shear zone where they locally document dextral shear, and probably include several generations that overlap early phases of deformation of the Green Head Group. Kinematic indicators within the gneiss are predominantly dextral. ³⁶Ar/⁴⁰Ar versus ³⁹Ar/⁴⁰Ar isotope-correlation ages recorded by metamorphic hornblende suggest that regional cooling of the Brookville Gneiss through ca. 500°C occurred at ca. 540 Ma, providing a minimum age for initial deformation and concomitant metamorphic culmination in the gneiss. ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar plateau ages for metamorphic muscovite suggest cooling through ca. 375°C at ca. 500–520 Ma, providing a minimum age for progressive deformation in both lithotectonic sequences. Low temperature age discordance in the muscovite spectra suggest partial rejuvenation in the mid- and late Palaeozoic. Protracted Cambrian tectonothermal activity in the Brookville assemblage contrasts with the Avalonian tectonostratigraphic record of the Caledonia assemblage in which late Precambrian arc-related packages are overstepped by Cambrian–Ordovician shallow marine strata. Significant Cambrian separation between the two assemblages is therefore suggested, despite Precambrian similarities in their tectonothermal evolution. Separation as a consequence of terrane dispersal is suggested, and may imply a significant rearrangement of the Avalon composite terrane at this time. Final juxtaposition of the two assemblages pre-dates their shared late Palaeozoic rejuvenation, and may correspond to an earlier, mid-Palaeozoic thermal overprint correlated with tectonothermal activity accompanying accretion of the Avalon and outboard Meguma terranes to more inboard tectonic elements of the northern Appalachians.  相似文献   

Deformation history of the Hampden Synform in the Eastern Fold Belt of the Mt Isa terrane     

P. G. Betts  L. Aillères  D. Giles  M. Hough 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(6):1113-1125

The moderately metamorphosed and deformed rocks exposed in the Hampden Synform, Eastern Fold Belt, in the Mt Isa terrane, underwent complex multiple deformations during the early Mesoproterozoic Isan Orogeny (ca 1590–1500 Ma). The earliest deformation elements preserved in the Hampden Synform are first‐generation tight to isoclinal folds and an associated axial‐planar slaty cleavage. Preservation of recumbent first‐generation folds in the hinge zones of second‐generation folds, and the approximately northeast‐southwest orientation of restored L¹ ₀ intersection lineation suggest recumbent folding occurred during east‐west to northwest‐southeast shortening. First‐generation folds are refolded by north‐south‐oriented upright non‐cylindrical tight to isoclinal second‐generation folds. A differentiated axial‐planar cleavage to the second‐generation fold is the dominant fabric in the study area. This fabric crenulates an earlier fabric in the hinge zones of second‐generation folds, but forms a composite cleavage on the fold limbs. Two weakly developed steeply dipping crenulation cleavages overprint the dominant composite cleavage at a relatively high angle (>45°). These deformations appear to have had little regional effect. The composite cleavage is also overprinted by a subhorizontal crenulation cleavage inferred to have developed during vertical shortening associated with late‐orogenic pluton emplacement. We interpret the sequence of deformation events in the Hampden Synform to reflect the progression from thin‐skinned crustal shortening during the development of first‐generation structures to thick‐skinned crustal shortening during subsequent events. The Hampden Synform is interpreted to occur within a progressively deformed thrust slice located in the hangingwall of the Overhang Shear.  相似文献   

西藏拉萨地块阿翁错北二长花岗岩成因：锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学及Hf同位素制约     

彭勃  赵拓飞  李宝龙  史仲明 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2022,52(5):1594-1609

西藏拉萨地块阿翁错—盐湖岩浆弧的成因是解决班公湖—怒江特提斯洋俯冲极性和时限的关键。本文选取阿翁错北岩体中的二长花岗岩进行岩相学、锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学与Hf同位素研究。结果表明：阿翁错北二长花岗岩的锆石²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U加权平均年龄为(107.0±0.5) Ma,MSWD＝2.6,属早白垩世晚期。样品表现为高硅、富钾的高钾钙碱性岩石系列,A/CNK值介于1.006～1.019之间,属弱过铝质;微量元素富集大离子亲石元素Rb、K、U、Th及轻稀土元素（LREE）,亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高场强元素,具中等至弱的负Eu异常（δEu=0.55~0.78）,属弱过铝质未分异的I型花岗岩。二长花岗岩样品锆石初始Hf同位素ε_Hf(t)值除1颗锆石达11.1外,其他17颗锆石介于3.7~6.3之间,平均值5.0,Hf同位素二阶段模式年龄变化于928~765 Ma之间。基于同位素以及岩石地球化学数据,阿翁错北岩体很可能是新生地壳熔融产生的长英质岩浆与镁铁质岩浆发生不均一混合作用形成,并有少量幔源物质的参与。结合拉萨地块中北部岩浆岩Hf同位素研究分析,阿翁错—盐湖岩浆弧形成于班公湖—怒江特提斯洋后退式俯冲的构造体制下,阿翁错北岩体的形成时代（107~104 Ma）代表了由断离板片俯冲末期向碰撞环境转化的时限。  相似文献   

西藏南木林晚白垩世辉绿岩与花岗质脉岩成因及其揭示的伸展背景   总被引：7，自引：4，他引：3  

叶丽娟  赵志丹  刘栋  朱弟成  董国臣  莫宣学  胡兆初  刘勇胜 《岩石学报》2015,31(5):1298-1312

青藏高原南部拉萨地块晚白垩世岩浆岩带的岩石成因和动力学对于揭示大陆碰撞之前的特提斯演化过程具有重要意义。本文报道了南木林县南部的辉绿岩岩株及侵入其中的正长花岗岩脉的锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素和微量元素以及岩石地球化学数据,并探讨了晚白垩世构造-岩浆作用过程。辉绿岩年龄为93.8Ma,正长花岗岩脉年龄为92.4Ma,为同期晚白垩世岩浆活动产物。辉绿岩富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素,锆石εHf(t)为+8.5~+14.2,具有亏损的岛弧岩浆特征,可能是俯冲交代的地幔楔熔体与软流圈熔体相互作用发生部分熔融的产物;正长花岗岩具有富Si O2(74.76%~76.02%)、富K2O(4.75%~6.18%)、富碱(K2O+Na2O=7.57%~8.44%),以及过铝质特征(A/CNK=1.10~1.18),εHf(t)为+7.7~+13.0,岩石属于高分异的I型花岗岩,可能源于新生的镁铁质下地壳的部分熔融。从南木林地区产出的基性岩和酸性脉岩构成的"双峰式"岩石组合、靠近弧后的伸展构造背景、软流圈和岩石圈的共同参与、上地幔和下地壳同时产生岩浆作用等过程,结合78~100Ma岩浆作用大规模东西向带状分布等研究结果,本文认为南木林南部岩浆岩可能是在新特提斯洋壳北向俯冲挤压的同时,在大约90~100Ma时期,深部发生了板片断离或者板片回转,浅部造成了弧后伸展的构造背景。位于板片窗上方,源于交代地幔楔和软流圈相互作用产生了镁铁质岩浆,上侵后诱发下地壳部分熔融形成花岗质岩浆。基性岩石、花岗质岩石以及特殊类型的紫苏花岗岩、埃达克岩等多种岩石类型并存,表明晚白垩世时期,特提斯洋向着拉萨地块之下的总体俯冲背景下,可能存在洋脊俯冲、板片断离、板片回转等多种构造-岩浆体制。  相似文献   

胶北地体多期变质事件的P-T-t轨迹及其对胶-辽-吉带形成与演化的制约   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

刘平华  刘福来  王舫  刘超辉  杨红  刘建辉  蔡佳  施建荣 《岩石学报》2015,31(10):2889-2941

胶北地体位于华北克拉通东部陆块胶-辽-吉带南端,主要由闪长质-TTG-花岗质片麻岩、变质表壳岩系和变质镁铁-超镁铁质岩所组成。本文通过对胶北早前寒武纪变质岩系的岩石学、矿物化学、变质反应结构和序列、变质温度和压力估算与同位素年代学资料的综合研究和总结,得出以下重要结论:(1)与华北克拉通东部陆块其它地区太古宙变质基底类似,本区也存在~2500Ma区域性新太古代变质事件,且与本区2550~2500Ma岩浆作用在时间上非常接近,其变质作用发生的时间比岩浆作用要晚10~50Myr,指示本区~2500Ma区域性变质事件可能与大规模的幔源岩浆底侵作用存在密切的成因关系。(2)胶北还存在1950~1850Ma区域性古元古代变质事件,并导致了大量高压基性和泥质麻粒岩的形成,高压基性麻粒岩主要以不规则透镜体、变形岩墙群或岩脉群的形式赋存于闪长质-TTG-花岗质片麻岩之中,并集中分布在安丘-平度-莱西-莱阳-栖霞一带,大致沿北东-南西向断续带状分布,构成了一条长约300km的古元古代高压麻粒岩相变质带。(3)本区古元古代高压麻粒岩以记录近等温减压(ITD)及随后近等压降温(IBC)的顺时针P-T-t轨迹为特征,指示本区变质杂岩在古元古代晚期曾强烈地卷入了与俯冲-拼贴-碰撞造山有关的构造过程,并可能经历了如下复杂的构造演化:(I)在古元古代晚期2000~1950Ma,随着有限大洋地壳的持续俯冲作用,本区各类变质岩的原岩开始经历一次构造增厚事件,并导致了它们的原岩经历了早期绿片岩相-角闪岩相进变质作用;(II)1950~1870Ma,大洋地壳俯冲作用结束,本区开始发生弧-陆拼贴和陆-陆碰撞作用,大陆地壳持续缩短和加厚,在加厚下地壳或岛弧根部带约50km的深度,发生了区域性高压麻粒岩相变质作用,并导致了本区变基性岩和变泥质岩分别形成了石榴石+单斜辉石+斜长石±角闪石±石英±铁-钛氧化物和石榴石+蓝晶石+钾长石+斜长石+黑云母+石英+铁-钛氧化物+熔体的高压麻粒岩相矿物组合。(III)1870~1800Ma,在同碰撞峰期变质结束之后,本区造山作用进入了后碰撞构造折返-伸展演化阶段,先后经历了早期快速构造折返和晚期缓慢冷却降温两个构造热演化阶段。其中,在早期快速构造折返阶段,高压麻粒岩经历了峰后近等温或略微增温减压退变质作用的叠加,高压基性麻粒岩表现为沿石榴石边部形成了含斜方辉石的后成合晶。与此同时,早期快速构造折返阶段还伴随着热松弛和伸展作用,出现一系列的幔源基性岩浆活动,不仅导致了本区大量未经历高压麻粒岩相变质的变基性岩群的形成,同时也诱发了区内大规模的地壳深熔作用的发生。自温度高峰期之后,本区地壳岩石还经历了一个近等压冷却降温过程,并发生了区域性角闪岩相退变质作用,高压基性麻粒岩表现为石榴石和斜方辉石边部常出现含角闪石的退变边或后成合晶。最终,在1800Ma左右,本区含电气石花岗伟晶质岩脉的大量出现,则标志着胶北地体古元古代晚期(2000~1800Ma)俯冲-拼贴-碰撞造山作用的最终结束。  相似文献   

胶莱盆地早白垩世瓦屋夼组砂岩中碎屑锆石U-Pb-Hf同位素组成及其构造意义   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

霍腾飞  杨德彬  许文良  王枫  刘海彬  师江朋 《大地构造与成矿学》2015,(2)

本文报道了胶莱盆地莱阳群最底部瓦屋夼组长石石英砂岩中碎屑锆石的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学和原位Hf同位素分析结果,进而约束了瓦屋夼组砂岩的沉积时代和物源及其构造意义。碎屑锆石多数呈自形–半自形晶,发育岩浆生长环带,暗示它们为岩浆成因;少数晚三叠世锆石呈均匀无结构的阴极发光特点,缺乏岩浆环带,暗示它们为变质锆石。82个谐和年龄的峰值分别为129 Ma、158 Ma、224 Ma、253 Ma、461 Ma、724 Ma、1851 Ma和2456 Ma。上述定年结果结合原位Hf同位素分析表明:(1)瓦屋夼组的沉积时代为早白垩世(129~106 Ma);(2)1851 Ma、2456 Ma年龄的锆石主要来源于华北克拉通前寒武纪基底岩石;新元古代(729~721 Ma)岩浆锆石和晚三叠世(226~216 Ma)变质锆石来源于苏鲁造山带;晚古生代锆石记录了华北克拉通北缘同时代的岩浆事件;晚三叠世(231~223 Ma)岩浆锆石和158~129 Ma锆石则与胶北、胶东同时期的岩浆事件相对应;(3)胶莱盆地与合肥盆地具有不同的沉积时代和物源属性;(4)瓦屋夼组中苏鲁造山带物源的存在,暗示苏鲁高压–超高压变质岩石至少在早白垩世时期已经出露地表。  相似文献   

拉萨地块中北部晚白垩世(约90Ma)拔拉扎含矿斑岩地球化学特征及其成因   总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5  

余红霞  陈建林  许继峰  王保弟  邬建斌  梁华英 《岩石学报》2011,27(7):2011-2022

拉萨地块中北部形成于90~88Ma的拔拉扎含矿斑岩具有明显的埃达克质岩特征:高SiO₂(>69%)、Al₂O₃(平均为15.89%)、Sr (平均为354×10^-6),低Y(平均为12.97×10^-6)、Yb(平均为0.95×10^-6)含量,轻重稀土强烈分异((La/Yb)_N平均为19.8);同时它们有着高Mg^#(平均为65)、Cr(平均为107×10^-6)、Ni(平均为13×10^-6)含量。研究区这些具有埃达克质岩特征的含矿斑岩并非源于俯冲洋壳、底侵或加厚下地壳部分熔融的产物,也不是玄武质岩浆结晶分异的产物,而很可能是拆沉下地壳部分熔融的结果。另一方面,南向俯冲的Slainajap洋壳或班公湖-怒江洋壳的断离也可能诱发板片窗上部的壳幔物质发生部分熔融而形成研究区的含矿斑岩。  相似文献   

U-Pb and Ar/Ar geochronological constraints on the exhumation history of the North Qinling terrane, China     

Yunpeng Dong  Johann Genser  Franz Neubauer  Guowei Zhang  Xiaoming Liu  Zhao Yang  Bianca Heberer 《Gondwana Research》2011,19(4):881-893

The amphibolite facies grade North Qinling metamorphic unit forms the centre of the Qinling orogenic belt. Results of LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar amphibole and biotite dating reveal its Palaeozoic tectonic history. U-Pb zircon dating of migmatitic orthogneiss and granite dykes constrains the age of two possible stages of migmatization at 517 ± 14 Ma and 445 ± 4.6 Ma. A subsequent granite intrusion occurred at 417 ± 1.6 Ma. The ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar plateau ages of amphibole ranging from 397 ± 33 Ma to 432 ± 3.4 Ma constrain the cooling of the Qinling complex below ca. 540 °C and biotite ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages at about 330–368 Ma below ca. 300 °C. The ages are used to construct a cooling history with slow/non-exhumation during 517– 445 Ma, a time-integrated cooling at a rate < 2.5 °C/Ma during the period of 445–410 Ma, an acceleration of cooling at a rate of 8 °C/Ma from 397 Ma to 368 Ma, and subsequently slow/non-cooling from 368 to 330 Ma. The data show a significant delay in exhumation after peak metamorphic conditions and a long period of tectonic quiescence after the suturing of the North China and South China blocks along the Shangdan suture. These relationships exclude classical exhumation models of formation and exhumation of metamorphic cores in orogens, which all imply rapid cooling after peak conditions of metamorphism.  相似文献   

Late Palaeozoic arc flank and fore‐arc basin sequence of the New England fold belt in the stanage bay region,central Queensland     

E. C. Leitch  C. L. Fergusson  R. A. Henderson  V. J. Morand 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(4):301-310

Devonian and Carboniferous (Yarrol terrane) rocks, Early Permian strata, and Permian‐(?)Triassic plutons outcrop in the Stanage Bay region of the northern New England Fold Belt. The Early‐(?)Middle Devonian Mt Holly Formation consists mainly of coarse volcaniclastic rocks of intermediate‐silicic provenance, and mafic, intermediate and silicic volcanics. Limestone is abundant in the Duke Island, along with a significant component of quartz sandstone on Hunter Island. Most Carboniferous rocks can be placed in two units, the late Tournaisian‐Namurian Campwyn Volcanics, composed of coarse volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks, silicic ash flow tuff and widespread oolitic limestone, and the conformably overlying Neerkol Formation dominated by volcaniclastic sandstone and siltstone with uncommon pebble conglomerate and scattered silicic ash fall tuff. Strata of uncertain stratigraphic affinity are mapped as ‘undifferentiated Carboniferous’. The Early Permian Youlambie Conglomerate unconformably overlies Carboniferous rocks. It consists of mudstone, sandstone and conglomerate, the last containing clasts of Carboniferous sedimentary rocks, diverse volcanics and rare granitic rocks. Intrusive bodies include the altered and variably strained Tynemouth Diorite of possible Devonian age, and a quartz monzonite mass of likely Late Permian or Triassic age.

The rocks of the Yarrol terrane accumulated in shallow (Mt Holly, Campwyn) and deeper (Neerkol) marine conditions proximal to an active magmatic arc which was probably of continental margin type. The Youlambie Conglomerate was deposited unconformably above the Yarrol terrane in a rift basin. Late Permian regional deformation, which involved east‐west horizontal shortening achieved by folding, cleavage formation and east‐over‐west thrusting, increases in intensity towards the east.  相似文献   

Architecture of a Palaeoproterozoic Rift System: Evidence from the Fiery Creek Dome region,Mt Isa terrane     

P. G. Betts  G. S. Lister  K. S. Pound 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(4):533-554

The Mt Isa Rift Event is a Palaeoproterozoic intracontinental extension event that defines the beginning of sedimentation into the Isa Superbasin in the Western Fold Belt, Mt Isa terrane. In the mildly deformed Fiery Creek Dome region, on the northwest flanks of the Mt Isa Rift, elements of the Mt Isa Rift Event rift architecture are preserved without being intensely overprinted by later deformation. In this region two discrete generations of northwest‐dipping normal faults have been identified. Early generation normal faults were active during the deposition of fluvial and immature conglomerate and sandstone of the Bigie Formation. Renewed rifting and the development of late‐generation normal faults occurred during deposition of shallow‐marine sandstone and siltstone of the lower Gunpowder Creek Formation. Differential uplift between tilt blocks formed an array of spatially and temporally discontinuous synrift unconformities on the crests of uplifted tilt blocks. Applying the domino model yields ～28% crustal extension for the entire Mt Isa Rift Event. Northwest‐striking transverse faults facilitated differential displacement along normal faults and formed boundaries to normal fault segments, creating smaller depositional compartments along half‐graben axes. Three large domes were formed during laccolith emplacement. These domes produced palaeogeographical highs that divided the region into sub‐basins and were a source for the coarse fluvial synrift sequences deposited during the early Mt Isa Rift Event. The basin architecture in the Fiery Creek Dome region is consistent with northwest‐southeast‐directed extension.  相似文献