56m深TRD工法搅拌墙在深厚承压含水层中的成墙试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王卫东  翁其平  陈永才 《岩土力学》2014,35(11):3247-3252

上海国际金融中心项目基坑面积约为48 860m2,开挖深度为26.5²7.9m,周边环境复杂。为控制抽降承压水对周边环境的影响,经方案比选,基坑周边设置厚700mm、深56m等厚度水泥土搅拌墙(TRD)作为承压水悬挂隔水帷幕。在上海地区施工如此深TRD墙体尚属首例,为此现场开展了试成墙试验,试成墙监测表明,墙身在深厚承压含水层中水泥土强度达到0.8427.9m,周边环境复杂。为控制抽降承压水对周边环境的影响,经方案比选,基坑周边设置厚700mm、深56m等厚度水泥土搅拌墙(TRD)作为承压水悬挂隔水帷幕。在上海地区施工如此深TRD墙体尚属首例,为此现场开展了试成墙试验,试成墙监测表明,墙身在深厚承压含水层中水泥土强度达到0.84¹.38 MPa。室内渗透性试验表明,渗透系数由10-3cm/s提高到10-7cm/s,满足隔水帷幕设计要求;墙体施工期间,地表最大沉降约8mm,主要影响范围约5m;土体侧向位移主要产生在距离墙体5m的范围内,TRD墙体施工对周边环境影响很小。试验墙体的顺利实施为后续正式墙体的施工提供了依据,也为类似工程提供了重要参考。  相似文献   

基于MODIS温度的青藏高原多年冻土活动层厚度变化研究     

龚婷婷  高冰  吉子晨  曹慧宇  张蕴灵 《地理科学》2022,42(10):1848-1856

基于MODIS温度数据,采用TTOP模型和Stefan公式模拟了青藏高原地区的冻土分布并计算了活动层厚度,并与地面观测结果进行了对比。结果表明：2003—2019年青藏高原多年冻土面积为1.01×10⁶ km²;多年冻土活动层厚度区域平均值为1.79 m, 活动层厚度区域平均的变化率为3.67 cm/10a,且草甸地区的变化率明显大于草原地区,5100~5300 m高程带的活动层厚度变化速率最大。  相似文献   

贵州六盘水水城矿区小牛煤矿钻孔中断层发育特征分析          下载免费PDF全文

李磊  王盼盼  赵蕻 《山东国土资源》2015,31(12)

利用钻探岩心识别断裂形变、挤压扭曲、岩心破碎带等断层标志, 有利于勘探区构造地质条件的分析。通过对钻孔岩心岩性特征、地层厚度、煤层间距等方面的研究,发现ZK13钻孔在C51与C52煤层之间地层出现明显的揉皱与破碎现象、地层厚度与煤层间距增大,同时测井曲线显示地层有重复现象,推测在C51与C52煤层之间发育一逆断层;C54与C58煤层之间地层也比较破碎、地层厚度与煤层间距减小,伽玛伽玛曲线幅值增大,推测在C54与C58煤层之间发育一正断层。  相似文献   

An approach to determining the thicknesses of shear bands with an echelon‐crack structure     

G. S. Wang  L. W. Kong  C. F. Wei 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2013,37(6):618-640

In this paper, the internal structure of shear band is investigated, and a model of the shear band with an echelon crack structure is developed. The model assumes the shear band to be composed of two conjugate sets of echelon cracks, such that the smaller echelon cracks are embedded in the space of the larger ones. The additional strain induced by the echelon cracks and the anisotropic development of the compliance tensor in the shear band zone are analyzed. The critical crack density at the onset of shear band is obtained by applying the bifurcation condition. Deviating from previous approaches, the new procedure evaluates the thickness of shear band based on the geometrical characteristics of echelon crack arrays and the failure probability of grain boundaries in the longitudinal direction at the onset of shear band. Parametric analysis shows that grain size, internal friction angle, dilation angle, and failure probability of grain boundaries are the dominant factors that account for the shear band thickness. The calculated results are consistent with the experimental data available in the literature. The model soundly explains that the measurements of the shear band thickness are generally scattered, ranging from 4 to 30 (or even more) times the grain size. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Generating soil thickness maps by means of geomorphological-empirical approach and random forest algorithm in Wanzhou County,Three Gorges Reservoir     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2023,14(2):101514

Soil thickness, intended as depth to bedrock, is a key input parameter for many environmental models. Nevertheless, it is often difficult to obtain a reliable spatially exhaustive soil thickness map in wide-area applications, and existing prediction models have been extensively applied only to test sites with shallow soil depths. This study addresses this limitation by showing the results of an application to a section of Wanzhou County (Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China), where soil thickness varies from 0 to ～40 m. Two different approaches were used to derive soil thickness maps: a modified version of the geomorphologically indexed soil thickness (GIST) model, purposely customized to better account for the peculiar setting of the test site, and a regression performed with a machine learning algorithm, i.e., the random forest, combined with the geomorphological parameters of GIST (GIST-RF). Additionally, the errors of the two models were quantified, and validation with geophysical data was carried out. The results showed that the GIST model could not fully contend with the high spatial variability of soil thickness in the study area: the mean absolute error was 10.68 m with the root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 12.61 m, and the frequency distribution residuals showed a tendency toward underestimation. In contrast, GIST-RF returned a better performance with the mean absolute error of 3.52 m and RMSE of 4.56 m. The derived soil thickness map could be considered a critical fundamental input parameter for further analyses.  相似文献   

东北黑土区黑土层厚度的时空变化     

刘凯  魏明辉  戴慧敏  刘国栋  贾树海  宋运红  梁帅 《地质与资源》2022,31(3):434

黑土层厚度是评价东北黑土区土壤质量的重要参数,但其厚度的空间分布及多年变化情况仍然不够明确.针对东北黑土区第二次土壤普查的61处典型土壤剖面进行了现状实地调查,并对黑土层厚度变化进行了对比分析.结果表明:近40年来,东北黑土区黑土层厚度平均减少了12cm,平均减薄速度为0.32cm/a.四省(区)黑土层减薄厚度具有显著差异,表现为吉林(23.65cm)>辽宁(11.83cm)>内蒙古(10.33cm)>黑龙江(6.83cm).吉林省黑土层减薄厚度和比例最大,生态风险最为严峻.吉林省黑土层厚度变化值与气温升高值呈显著的负相关关系,表明随着气候变暖,土壤有机质下降明显,黑土层的厚度也呈减薄趋势.研究表明,水蚀作用也是黑土层厚度减薄的重要影响因素.未来应加强黑土层厚度判定和黑土层厚度空间制图等方面研究,对指导黑土地保护利用具有重要意义.  相似文献   

甘肃花草滩煤矿区沉积相演化与内部构造的地质意义探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邹志友  谢金梅  张立凡  刘超 《矿产与地质》2015,(3)

花草滩煤矿区地处北祁连褶皱带中段北侧,酒东盆地东端。古生界和中生界地层在区内发育较完整,其中石炭系太原组为含煤地层。经二、三维地震勘探、钻探等工作证实矿床总体上受单斜构造控制。石炭纪中期盆地呈逐渐上升趋势,沉积相演化经历了由海相逐渐过渡到海陆交汇相,再到陆相沉积的阶段。F5和F8断层具顺层断裂特征,破坏煤层的连续性,在一定程度上控制了瓦斯突出区的分带,可作为煤矿瓦斯含量高低的分界标志。  相似文献   

松软地层防渗灌浆帷幕结构性状实验研究     

张贵金  潘烨  彭春雷  陈安重  杨松林 《工程地质学报》2015,23(3):526-532

松软地层透水率较大,防渗灌浆工程吃浆量相对较大,浆液扩散极不规则,形成的防渗帷幕,包括防渗幕体厚度、力学性能、防渗效果等结构性状难以准确把握,现有的方法和技术主要采用压水试验、标贯、钻孔取心、物探等方法获取相关信息,但带有极大的不确定性,直接影响到防渗质量的评价。在现场进行多工况灌浆原型试验研究,通过注水试验、孔斜测定、取心测试、全断面开挖等多种方法,真实呈现防渗幕体的性状,包括幕体有效厚度及其影响范围、幕体强度性能和渗透性能。结果表明,在松软地层采用浆体封闭、脉动灌浆控制灌浆工艺,孔距1.5m,两排排距0.8m,并采用适宜的灌浆控制参数灌注可控性黏土水泥浆材,简便高效,孔周挤密区、结石体及胶结体形成的有效幕体均一性好,防渗效果达到5lu以下,灌后28d结石体强度达到3MPa以上。灌浆工艺和参数可直接供类似地层应用。对于不同类型地层在不同灌浆材料、灌浆工艺、灌浆参数情形下的灌浆结构性状,有必要研发物理模型进行大样本室内试验研究。  相似文献   

黄河海港动力地貌条件的初步探讨   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

耿秀山  吴世迎 《地理学报》1988,(4)

在黄河海港选址及未来预测中,作者通过海岸动力、悬沙分布、粒度特征、地形对比研究法等分析,获得了黄河口迁离黄河海港附近8年后的海底蚀淤厚度、侵蚀与淤积速率、净余侵蚀总重量、泥沙活动带的活动规律与海岸剖面塑造及其演变的关系,从而为黄河海港的设置与工程布局提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

Lithosphere mechanical behavior inferred from tidal gravity anomalies: a comparison of Africa and South America     

Marta S.M. Mantovani  Wladimir Shukowsky  Silvio R.C. de Freitas  Benjamim B. Brito Neves 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2005,230(3-4):397-412

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