南极中山站重力潮汐观测的海潮负荷效应   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐建桥  孙和平  周江存 《测绘学报》2002,31(3):228-233

综合分析了LaCoste-Romberg(LCR)ET21高精度弹簧重力仪1998年12月26日至2000年1月9日在南极中山站的重力潮汐观测资料，采用目前普遍使用的Schwiderski、Csr3.0和Fes96.2全球海潮模型研究中山站重力潮汐观测的海潮负荷改正问题。结果表明在南极地区，目前的海潮模型存在较大的不确定性，还不足以精密确定该区域的海潮负荷改正。经海潮改正后，重力潮汐观测结果与潮汐理论值之间还存在比较大的差异，观测的周日（01）和半日（M2）潮波重力振幅因子与相应的理论值之间的平均偏差分别为3．8％和7．8％。南极地区附近海域海水的变化半导致该地区海潮负荷响应非常明显的季节性系统变化。  相似文献   

浙江省三门湾北部潮滩互花米草遥感研究     

付雅晴  印萍  高飞  刘冬雁  曹轲  田元 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2022,52(1):134-144

浙江省三门湾地区潮滩互花米草扩散迅速,已成为潮滩主要植被类型,挤占滩涂生态空间,降低海湾纳潮量,引起滩涂淤长和水交换能力下降,互花米草入侵和扩散问题引起当地生态环境和海洋管理部门高度关注。本文利用Landsat和Sentinel-2系列卫星遥感数据,结合无人机摄影测量,对三门湾北部潮滩近20年来互花米草分布和变化进行分析,结果表明,近20年间三门湾北部潮滩互花米草快速扩张,面积由2000年的21.8 km²增加到2017年高峰值为38.6 km²,年扩展面积近1 km²,主要分布在宁海县的一市港、双盘涂、三山涂和象山县的蟹钳港等湾顶潮滩区。2017年后,部分互花米草生长的上部潮滩被改造为海水养殖池,总体上互花米草面积有所下降,到2020年4月份统计的互花米草面积为34.9 km²,但潮滩下部米草扩增趋势仍然持续。扩增主要为沿潮沟两侧及先斑块后连续的特征。高程、人类活动引起的水动力环境改变是互花米草面积变化的主要因素。  相似文献   

汶川地震前地下水位固体潮加卸载响应比异常分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

兰双双  迟宝明 《地震研究》2011,34(3)

针对汶川地震前地下水位中短期异常信息比较不明显这一问题,选取受地震影响严重的川、滇、陕、甘及渝等5个省市为研究范围,依据加卸载响应比理论,采用固体潮加卸载响应比方法对地下水位动态进行分析。结果表明:汶川地震前中短期时间内,地下水位固体潮加卸载响应比存在着明显的异常现象,异常时间相对集中在震前半年左右或1～2个月,且随着地震孕育活动的增强,异常井的空间分布也逐渐由四周向龙门山断裂带附近靠拢,尤其在震前1～2个月时间内,震源区异常井数量明显多于其它地区。  相似文献   

Mechanisms controlling the intra-annual mesoscale variability of SST and SPM in the southern North Sea     

Julie D. Pietrzak  Gerben J. de Boer  Marieke A. Eleveld 《Continental Shelf Research》2011,31(6):594-610

Thermal and optical remote sensing data were used to investigate the spatial and temporal distribution of sea surface temperature (SST) and of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the southern North Sea. Monthly SST composites showed pronounced seasonal warming of the southern North Sea and delineated the English coastal and continental coastal waters. The East-Anglia Plume is the dominant feature of the English coastal waters in the winter and autumn SPM composites, and the Rhine region of freshwater influence (ROFI), including the Flemish Banks, is the dominant feature of the continental waters. These mesoscale spatial structures are also influenced by the evolution of fronts, such as the seasonal front separating well-mixed water in the southern Bight, from the seasonally stratified central North Sea waters. A harmonic analysis of the SST and SPM images showed pronounced seasonal variability, as well as spring-neap variations in the level of tidal mixing in the East Anglia Plume, the Rhine ROFI and central North Sea. The harmonic analysis indicates the important role played by the local meteorology and tides in governing the SST and near-surface SPM concentrations in the southern North Sea. In the summer, thermal stratification affects the visibility of SPM to satellite sensors in the waters to the north of the Flamborough and Frisian Fronts. Haline stratification plays an important role in the visibility of SPM in the Rhine ROFI throughout the year. When stratified, both regions typically exhibit low surface SPM values. A numerical model study, together with the harmonic analysis, highlights the importance of tides and waves in controlling the stratification in the southern North Sea and hence the visibility of SPM.  相似文献   

Structure of gravel beaches and their relationship to tidal range     

BRIAN J. BLUCK 《Sedimentology》2011,58(4):994-1006

The height of accretionary gravel beaches, determined by the vertical distance between the large sphere zone at the seaward margin and the large disc zone at the landward margin, is determined mainly by tidal range. As the beach builds seaward, this height translates into thickness and so the complete thickness of gravel beach accumulations is a good indicator, in the geological record, of tidal range. Beaches with a small tidal range have the zone between the large discs and the large spheres compressed and sometimes steepened. These beaches are characterized mainly by cusps and berms, both of which yield steeply dipping, seaward building, cross‐strata. Beaches built by large, persistent waves generally have a steep profile, whereas those with small wave height appear to have a shallow profile. Cusps generally have extremely well‐sorted gravels, often in an openwork fabric and with a landward crown of coarse gravel that may grade seaward into shape‐sorted, gently dipping gravels. Berms, which may extend for hundreds of metres along the coast, comprise, in section, very well‐sorted cross‐stratified gravels that may intermittently build seaward for a distance >15 m. Extensive selection pavements typify beaches with a high tidal range and comprise sheets of gravel which are well‐sorted and dip at comparatively low angles towards the sea. These selection pavements form beds that, in section, can be >50 m in seaward length; they grow from clasts, supplied to them from swash or backwash, and which are selected by the fabric of the existing sheet. In some cases, the selection pavements can be very mature having only a specific clast shape and size remaining. Total preservation of the beach sequence in the geological record is more likely to take place in areas of rapid deposition of sediments, such as the marine fringes to a fan delta.  相似文献   

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傅再扬  危福泉  吴绍祖  龙政强 《大地测量与地球动力学》2007,27(1):34-39

?????????1990~2004??????бEW??NS??????????峱????????????????????3?????????????????????????????????????????????,????????????????????????????????????????????????????б???峱??????????????????????4.5????????????????巢??7???????????????????б???峱??????????????????????н??????????  相似文献   

From non‐tidal shelf to tide‐dominated strait: The Miocene Bonifacio Basin,Southern Corsica     

MICHELLE FERRANDINI  JEAN FERRANDINI  MIGUEL SANTIAGO  ISABELLE THINON  JEAN‐PIERRE ANDRÉ  YVES BARTHET  POL GUENNOC  BERNADETTE TESSIER 《Sedimentology》2013,60(2):599-623

This study documents a change from a non‐tidal to tide‐dominated shelf system that occurred between Corsica and Sardinia (the Bonifacio Basin, Western Mediterranean) during the early to middle Miocene. The non‐tidal deposits formed on a low‐energy siliciclastic shelf surrounded by progradational coralline algal ramps at full highstand. The tidal deposits consist of an up to 200 m thick succession of siliciclastic to coralline‐rich cross‐beds formed by large sub‐tidal dunes. Based on outcrop and sub‐surface data, it is possible to conclude that the tidal currents were amplified as a consequence of the rapid subsidence of the basin centre due to tectonic activity. It is suggested that this tectonic event initiated the strait between Corsica and Sardinia. The strait was deep enough to allow the tidal flux to be significantly increased, generating a localized strong tidal current at the junction between the Western Mediterranean and the East Corsica Basin.  相似文献   

Controls on microbial activity and tidal flat evolution in Shark Bay,Western Australia     

Ricardo J. Jahnert  Lindsay B. Collins 《Sedimentology》2013,60(4):1071-1099

Microbial deposits at Shark Bay constitute a diverse living microbial carbonate system, developed in a semi‐arid, highly evaporative marine setting. Three tidal flats located in different embayments within the World Heritage area were investigated in order to compare microbial deposits and their Holocene evolution. The stressing conditions in the intertidal–subtidal environment have produced a microbial ecosystem that is trapping, binding and biologically inducing CaCO₃ precipitation, producing laminated stromatolites (tufted, smooth and colloform), non‐laminated thrombolitic forms (pustular) and cryptomicrobial non‐laminated forms (microbial pavement). A general shallowing‐upwards sedimentary cycle was recognized and correlated with Holocene sea‐level variations, where microbial deposits constitute the younger (2360 years bp ) and shallower sedimentary veneer. In addition, sediments have been documented with evidence of exposure during the Holocene, from 1040 to 940 ¹⁴C years bp , when sea‐level was apparently lower than present. Filamentous bacteria constitute the dominant group in the blister, tufted and smooth mat types, and coccus bacteria dominate the pustular, colloform and microbial pavement deposit types. In the subtidal environment within colloform and pavement structures, microbial communities coexist with organisms such as bivalves, serpulids, diatoms, green algae (Acetabularia), crustaceans, foraminifera and micro‐gastropods, which are responsible for exoskeleton supply and extensive bioturbation. The internal fabric of the microbial deposits is laminated, sub‐laminar, scalloped, irregular or clotted, depending on the amount of fine‐grained carbonate and the natural ability of microbial communities to trap and bind particles or induce carbonate precipitation. Nilemah tidal flat contains the thickest (1·3 m) and best‐developed microbial sedimentary system; its deposition pre‐dated the Rocky Point and Garden Point tidal flats, with the most positive isotope values for δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O, reflecting strong microbial activity in a highly evaporative environment. There is an evolutionary series preserved within the tidal flats reflecting relative ages and degree of salinity elevation.  相似文献   

Description of littoral,alongshore sediment movement from empirical eigen‐function analysis     

D. J. Clarke  I. G. Eliot 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(3-4):327-341

Measurements of 18 closely spaced beach profiles spanning Warilla Beach, N.S.W., over a 5‐year period have been examined for alongshore exchanges in beachface configuration. Horizontal slices of beach corresponding with berm, upper swash, upper and lower intertidal zones were examined by empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis. The first four EOF's for each of the four slices contain over 90% of the total variance for each slice. In each instance the first eigen‐function mode represents the onshore‐offshore component of beach response, and accounts for 50 to 60% of the variance. Subsequent modes describe alongshore exchange of sediment associated with large, standing, cellular water circulations of the embayment. Sediment shunts along each horizontal slice are determined by identification of nodal points in the eigen‐functions. These represent pivotal points through which sediment is transferred. The patterns of exchange vary considerably from slice to slice, reflecting change in the dominant beach processes from swash processes in the top of the beach to wave, tidal and current processes on the lower beach slope. Despite their disparity, similar periodicities are determined for the sediment exchanges in each slice. The amplitude spectra of the time series associated with each eigen‐function indicate that the exchanges take place at 24, 12 and 6 monthly periods.  相似文献   

珠江口盆地惠州地区新生界珠海组和珠江组重力流沉积特征^*          下载免费PDF全文

乔博  张昌民  李少华  杜家元  朱锐 《古地理学报》2013,15(1):69-76

通过2口井的岩心观察,在珠江口盆地惠州地区新生界珠海组和珠江组,发现有重力流沉积。该地区重力流沉积的主要特征是：滑塌构造发育广泛,是本区最主要的重力流沉积;液化沉积中泄水构造发育;浊流沉积中鲍马序列不完整。惠州地区的重力流沉积是三角洲前缘砂体垮塌再搬运沉积而形成的。在重力流沉积中还发现有潮汐作用的存在,潮汐作用和重力流沉积伴生。通过对惠州地区重力流沉积特征的研究,认为不能简单地将重力流沉积等同于浊流沉积;重力流沉积不仅局限在深水地区,在相对浅水地区也会发育。建议正确理解鲍马序列并予以合理使用。  相似文献