The Permian Barakar Formation in the Mohpani coalfield, Satpura Gondwana basin, is composed of three broad lithologies that occur repetitively and are iterdigitated: (1) several metres thick coarse- to medium-grained sandstone bodies with scoured bases, (2) 5-20 m thick medium- to fine-grained sandstone bodies and (3) 5-20 m thick mudstone-dominated packages with variable proportions of centimetre- to decimetre-scale, fine- to medium-grained sandstone, carbonaceous shale and coal. The Barakar strata were previously interpreted as deposits of braided rivers and associated inter-channel flood basin in a continental setting. However, this study recognizes signatures of tidal current from the mudstone-dominated packages implying marine influence during Barakar sedimentation.
The mudstone-dominated sediment bodies are the focus of this paper and comprise of three lithofacies that bear imprints of tidal processes during Barakar sedimentation: (1) heterolith, (2) sandstone, and (3) coal-carbonaceous shale, which alternate with one another within individual bodies. The heterolithic facies show interlayering of sandstone and claystone resembling flaser, wavy and lenticular bedding, as well as pinstripe stratification. Successive sandstone-mudstone couplets indicate periodic waxing and waning of flows. Within individual heterolithic packages, the sandstone:claystone ratio along with the bedding style, varies cyclically upwards giving rise to alternate sandstone-dominated and claystone-dominated intervals suggesting tidal velocity fluctuation reflective of spring-neap lunar cycle. Thickness plots of successive sand-mud couplets also reveal cyclic variation with a conspicuous periodicity of around 12 couplets per cycle, which corroborates the spring-neap-spring (or neap-spring-neap) lunar cycle. Presence of abundant desiccation cracks indicates periodic emergence and points towards an intertidal setting. The sandstone facies is characterized by a variety of wave-generated features such as bundled and chevron upbuilding of lamina, bi-directional foreset orientations, offshooting and draping laminae, scour-and-drape feature, swollen lens-like geometries suggesting their emplacement under storm-induced combined-flow on the tidal-flat. The coal-carbonaceous shale facies represent supratidal marsh environment. 相似文献
A new subtropical front near the periphery of the West Pacific subtropical anticyclone isfound,which is never revealed in previous studies.The coupling of the subtropical front andMeiyu front forms a Meiyu front system (MFS) and is the most direct synoptic system for theMeiyu precipitation along the Mid-lower Reaches of Yangtze River (MRYR) in China.In thispaper.The detailed structural features and cloud features of the MFS in 1998 and 1999 areanalyzed,which manifests that the MFS is an objective phenomenon over the period of Meiyu alongMRYR and the Southwest Japan.Generally.the subtropical front is mainly located between 850hPa and 500 hPa.The moist southwest monsoon is transported in the passageway between theMeiyu front and the subtropical front.The vertical motion ascends in the passageway and descendson both sides of the MFS.forming the MFS's secondary circulation.A lower TBB band indicatedthat obvious convective activities are also located in the passageway of MFS.The horizontal windof MFS is vertically asymmetric. 相似文献
Concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr and Cd), and phosphorous (P) were determined in surface tidal flat sediments
of the Yangtze estuary and Shanghai coast. Results demonstrate that there were significant differences among the accumulation
of the heavy metals in sediments, following the order: Zn > Cu > Cr > Pb > Cd. The spatial distribution and chemical forms
of heavy metals in tidal flat sediments were closely related to the distribution of pollution resources (outlet of sewage)
and the local sedimentary and hydrodynamic conditions. The dominated form of non-residual heavy metals is bound to Fe/Mn oxides,
and the next form is bound to carbonates. Moreover, contents of total P in sediments range from 18.0 μmol.g−1 to 31.4 μmol.g−1 along the coastline, speciation of P in sediments was different, most of P in tidal flat sediments is associated with calcium
phases (as Ca-P) similar to marine sediments. 相似文献
An algorithm (differential mode) is presented for the improvement of harmonic tidal analysis along T/P tracks, in which the differences between the observed sea surface heights at adjacent points are taken as observations. Also, the observation equations are constrained with the results of the crossover analysis; the parameter estimations are performed at 0.1° latitude intervals by the least squares. Cycle 10 to 330 T/P altimeter data covering the China Sea and the Northwest Pacific Ocean (2°-50°N,105°-150°E) are adopted for a refined along-track harmonic tidal analysis, and harmonic constants of 12 constituents in 8 474 points are obtained, which indicates that the algorithm can efficiently remove non-tidal effects in the altimeter observations, and improve the precision of tide parameters. Moreover, parameters along altimetry tracks represent a smoother distribution than those obtained by traditional algorithms. The root mean squares of the fitting errors between the tidal height model and the observations reduce from 11 cm to 1.3 cm. 相似文献
