Assessing the effectiveness of nanoscale zero-valent iron particles produced by green tea for Cr(VI)-contaminated groundwater remediation          下载免费PDF全文

Hui Li  Zhan-tao Han  Qiang Deng  Chun-xiao Ma  Xiang-ke Kong 《地下水科学与工程》2023,11(1):55-67

Nanoscale zero-valent iron particles(NZVI) produced by using green tea(GT) extract as a reductant can remove Cr(Ⅵ) from water effectively,which can be utilized in groundwater remediation.In order to define the reaction mechanism and removal effect in the aquifer,in this study,GT-NZVI particles were prepared and measured by some characterization methods to define their surface performance,and then batch and one-dimensional experiments were carried out to reveal the reaction properties of GT-NZVI ...  相似文献   

太湖梅梁湾水体悬浮颗粒物吸收系数的分离   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1  

赵巧华  张运林  秦伯强 《湖泊科学》2006,18(4):356-362

针对2004年7月17日梅梁湾16个采样点悬浮颗粒物的吸收系数,利用基于光谱标准的方法,将悬浮颗粒物的吸收系数分离成藻类和非藻类颗粒物两种,并将其中藻类颗粒物的吸收系数与通过甲醇浸泡法所得的结果进行分析对比．结果表明:利用甲醇浸泡提取法对藻类、非藻类吸收系数的分离,当非藻类颗粒物浓度较高时,所得的藻类吸收系数呈现出较明显的非藻类颗粒物的特征,造成藻类颗粒物吸收系数有所放大,且在短波段处体现的尤为明显;而基于光谱标准的模拟法能较好地将藻类颗粒物的吸收系数从总悬浮颗粒物吸收系数中分离出来,与甲醇浸泡法相比,藻类颗粒物在440、675 nm吸收峰处的吸收系数与叶绿素a的浓度相关性(R3)得到了较为明显的提高,分别由原来的0．66、0．75提高到了0．8964和0．8401;就甲醇浸泡法而言,总悬浮物吸收系数的谱形状对藻类吸收系数的放大程度有较大的影响,当其越接近藻类颗粒物的吸收特征时,则色素提取法造成的误差越小,相反,当其越接近非藻类颗粒物的吸收特征时,则甲醇浸泡法造成的误差越大．  相似文献   

汛期黄河下游悬浮颗粒物粒度分布及其对铜离子的模拟吸附研究     

邓莉萍  朱校斌  王新亭  秦洁 《海洋科学》2008,32(3):19-24

为跟踪2004年6月19日至7月13日实施的黄河第三次调水调沙工程,2004年7月21日于东营胜利黄河大桥站位采集水样。对黄河下游悬浮物浓度、粒度分布进行了分析。结果表明,当天本站位悬浮物质量浓度为1.43 g/L,悬浮颗粒物粒度在63μm以下部分累积分布占99.3%。作者模拟汛期黄河下游河水的悬浮物浓度、年平均水温及pH,研究悬浮物对重金属Cu2 的吸附规律,并探讨了悬浮物浓度及盐度对吸附的影响。Cu2 在水体中会由于水解、絮凝、沉淀、络和等损失一部分,在研究吸附时对此部分进行了扣除。水体悬浮颗粒物对重金属Cu2 的吸附等温线吸附符合Langmuir方程。随悬浮物浓度的增加,其对Cu2 的吸附容量增大,吸附量减小。悬浮物浓度、pH一定时,在盐度为0~5时,吸附量随盐度的升高而迅速降低,当盐度在5~25时,吸附量基本不变。  相似文献   

四川盆地雷暴动力及微物理模拟参量与地闪关系的研究     

马永杰  周筠珺 《成都信息工程学院学报》2014,29(4):434-441

为探讨地闪活动与中尺度数值模式输出量之间的关系,利用新一代中尺度数值模式WRF模拟2011年7月23日四川盆地中的一次强雷暴过程,并对比研究模式输出的动力和微物理场量与地闪频数的关系。结果表明,在WRF模式中采用Kain-Fritsch积云参数化方案和Thompson微物理方案的组合方案能较为成功模拟出此次雷暴过程,模式输出的上升气流和冰相粒子与地闪关系密切,500hPa霰和300hPa冰晶含量在时间上比地闪频数超前约15min,300hPa雪晶含量与地闪频数在时间上基本同步;上升气流速度对冰相粒子的分布起关键作用,上升气流速度较大地区附近相应地闪活动比较频繁。  相似文献   

Effect of extracellular polymeric substances on the phosphorus adsorption characteristics of sediment particles     

Huiming Zhao  Yuefeng Zhang  Liqun Tang  Zhenghui Cui  Bing Liu  Wei Cheng  Chuansheng Guo  Dabin Liu  Xiaowei Gao  Haochuan Feng 《国际泥沙研究》2021,36(5):628-636

Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) have a great impact on the characteristics of sediment particles and their environmental effects in hydro-environmental systems, yet little effort has been made to study the considerable variability in the element adsorption process of sediment particles caused by EPS. Understanding the variability of the adsorption characteristics of sediment particles associated with EPS and quantifying the scale of the adsorption isotherm parameters are important for understanding how EPS mediate sediment properties and environmental factors. In this paper, isothermal equilibrium adsorption experiments are done on phosphorus to study the influence of EPS on the adsorption characteristics of sediment particles, and the Langmuir adsorption isotherm is applied to analyze the adsorption rule of sediment particles under the impact of EPS. The current research demonstrates that significant differences will take place in the adsorption characteristics of sediments coated with EPS at different development phases and the phosphorus adsorption capacity of sediment particles increases with the growth of EPS. The difference in the adsorption percentage between sediment particles coated with EPS of 0 and 6 weeks growth time is about 42%–60% for different initial aqueous phosphorus concentration. A formula describing the adsorption isotherm parameter of the maximum material (element) adsorption capacity of sediment particles change over time is further proposed based on the experimental data. The current study provides some evidence for the interaction of sediment particles, EPS, and adsorbed elements in the water environment.  相似文献   

Efficiency of cosmic ray reflections from an ultrarelativistic shock wave     

J. Bednarz  M. Ostrowski 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1999,310(1):L11-L13

The process of cosmic ray acceleration up to energies in excess of 10²⁰ eV at relativistic shock waves with large Lorentz factors, Γ≫1, requires ∼Γ² particle energy gains at single reflections from the shock (cf. Gallant & Achterberg). In the present Letter , by applying numerical simulations we address an efficiency problem arising for such models. The actual efficiency of the acceleration process is expected to be substantially lower than the estimates of previous authors.  相似文献   

Magnetic hysteresis properties and rotational hysteresis losses of synthetic stress-controlled titanomagnetite (Fe_2.4Ti_0.6O₄) particles—I. Magnetic hysteresis properties     

R. Keller  & E. Schmidbauer 《Geophysical Journal International》1999,138(2):319-333

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Magnetic hysteresis properties and rotational hysteresis losses of synthetic stress-controlled titanomagnetite (Fe_2.4Ti_0.6O₄) particles—II. Rotational hysteresis losses     

R. Keller  & E. Schmidbauer 《Geophysical Journal International》1999,138(2):334-342

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Concerning the generation of geomagnetic giant pulsations by drift-bounce resonance ring current instabilities     

K.-H. Glassmeier  S. Buchert  U. Motschmann  A. Korth  A. Pedersen 《Annales Geophysicae》1999,17(3):338-350

Giant pulsations are nearly monochromatic ULF-pulsations of the Earth’s magnetic field with periods of about 100 s and amplitudes of up to 40 nT. For one such event ground-magnetic observations as well as simultaneous GEOS-2 magnetic and electric field data and proton flux measurements made in the geostationary orbit have been analysed. The observations of the electromagnetic field indicate the excitation of an odd-mode type fundamental field line oscillation. A clear correlation between variations of the proton flux in the energy range 30–90 keV with the giant pulsation event observed at the ground is found. Furthermore, the proton phase space density exhibits a bump-on-the-tail signature at about 60 keV. Assuming a drift-bounce resonance instability as a possible generation mechanism, the azimuthal wave number of the pulsation wave field may be determined using a generalized resonance condition. The value determined in this way, m = −21±4, is in accord with the value m = −27±6 determined from ground-magnetic measurements. A more detailed examination of the observed ring current plasma distribution function f shows that odd-mode type eigenoscillations are expected for the case ∂f/∂W ≥ 0, much as observed. This result is different from previous theoretical studies as we not only consider local gradients of the distribution function in real space, but also in velocity space. It is therefore concluded that the observed giant pulsation is the result of a drift-bounce resonance instability of the ring current plasma coupling to an odd-mode fundamental standing wave. The generation of the bump-on-the-tail distribution causing ≥f/≥W ≥ 0 can be explained due to velocity dispersion of protons injected into the ring current. Both this velocity dispersion and the necessary substorm activity causing the injection of protons into the nightside magnetosphere are observed.  相似文献   

Spectral characteristics of waves and particles in the model of cyclotron wave-particle interactions near plasmapause     

D. L. Pasmanik  V. Y. Trakhtengerts 《Annales Geophysicae》1999,17(3):351-357

Further analysis of energetic electron precipitation at the evening sector of magnetosphere is performed. In the framework of the quantitative model of cyclotron wave-particle interactions developed in the previous Pasmanik et al. paper, the case of finite spread over energies of initial energetic electron distribution is studied. The solution for distribution function of energetic electron is found. The energetic spectrum of trapped and precipitating electrons and whistler wave spectrum are analysed.  相似文献