Turbulent intensity and its similarity function over an Inner Mongolian grassland during spring     

YUE Ping      NIU ShengJie  HU YinQiao & ZHANG Qiang Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change  Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province  Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change  Reducing Disaster of CMA 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2010,(5)

Macroscopic reason for the development of turbulences in fluid is the conjunction action of velocity and temperature shears. We use the 2008 spring flux observations in the surface layer over Inner Mongolian grassland, obtain the similarity functions of turbulent intensity under different stratification stability conditions, and calculate the clear day turbulent intensity in the spring, which is then analyzed and compared with the observed values of turbulent intensity. The results show that in the Inner Mo...  相似文献   

复杂地基上堆载速度对地基沉降的影响分析          下载免费PDF全文

汤志刚  阎长虹  邵勇  蔡晶晶  徐杨  王玉海 《水文地质工程地质》2011,38(5):26-30

复杂地基上进行堆山工程主要存在地基的不均匀沉降和剪切破坏等工程地质问题,特别是堆山地基岩土体分布不均匀引起的地基差异沉降问题,必须对其进行科学计算分析,给出地基处理的对策和人工堆积边坡的加固措施。为了减小沉降变形给工程带来的不良影响,拟采用分层碾压填筑、控制填土堆填速度、通过所堆岩土体荷载使地基土层固结来提高地基的承载力。同时为了保证堆山工程安全,对不同加载速度条件下地基固结沉降进行计算分析,给出最佳堆载工期,按此最佳堆载工期进行堆填以满足工程的安全设计要求。  相似文献   

基于滑体渗透性与库水变动的滑坡稳定性变化规律研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

宋琨  晏鄂川  朱大鹏  赵庆远 《岩土力学》2011,32(9):2798-2802

在三峡工程试运行期间,库区滑坡因地质结构和渗透性的不同,其变形情况存在明显差异,因此,除研究滑坡地质结构外,还应加强不同渗透性滑坡在库水变动下的稳定性响应规律研究。以三峡水库库首区黄荆树滑坡实例为计算模型,分析库水位在175～145 m间以0.5～2.0 m/d变化时4种不同渗透性滑坡的渗流场特征;再以库水影响系数? 和稳定性变化率为评价指标,研究在滑体渗透性和库水变动条件下的滑坡稳定性变化规律。研究表明,当库水影响系数? 在-0.107～-0.322时,稳定性变化率? 最大,且随? 减小滑坡稳定性增加率? 减小;当? 在-0.644～-769.231时,随? 减小稳定性增加率? 变化不明显;当? 在576.923～769.231时,库水位上升时滑坡稳定性降低较少;当? 在0.107～384.615时,影响系数? 与稳定性变化率? 的相关性不明显。其结果对于库区滑坡的监测预警有较强的应用价值  相似文献   

高速铁路大断面黄土隧道二次衬砌施作时机研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

路军富  王明年  贾媛媛  喻渝  谭忠盛 《岩土力学》2011,32(3):843-848

隧道工程二次衬砌施作时机是隧道界普遍关注的问题。依托正在修建的郑州-西安铁路客运专线大断面黄土隧道工程,以围岩及初期支护基本稳定速率作为二次衬砌施作时机判定指标,采用位移断面监测数据回归分析和数值分析相结合,建立基本稳定速率的理论求解方法,从而确定二次衬砌施作时机;同时,选取贺家庄隧道试验段作为工程实例,对高速铁路大断面黄土隧道二次衬砌施作时机进行研究。研究结果表明：当拱顶下沉变形速率值小于0.55 mm/d,边墙水平绝对收敛速率值小于0.11 mm/d时,即可进行二次衬砌施作。此次研究为类似工程的设计和施工提供了参考依据。  相似文献   

长期循环荷载下冻土内部温度变化的试验研究     

焦贵德  赵淑萍  马巍 《岩土力学》2011,32(Z2):233-238

对-0.5、-1.0、-1.5 ℃三种温度下的冻土试样进行单轴循环压缩试验,每5秒测试一次试样内部的温度,得到了不同振动频率、动应力幅值下冻土试样内部温度随振动时间变化的曲线。结果表明：在循环荷载作用下冻土内部温度会升高,动应力幅值越大,温升速率越大;在一定动应力幅值范围内,随着振动频率的增大,温升速率增大;温升幅值受土样是否破坏以及达到破坏的时间长短影响,在一定动应力幅值下,适中的某一振动频率下其内部温升幅值最大;冻土试样的破坏受其内部温度升高的影响,如果冻土试样内部温度不断升高,试样最后将会发生破坏;而不会破坏的试样内部温度升高到一定值后保持稳定或开始下降,这是由于试样和所处环境之间的热交换引起的  相似文献   

不同预冻速率对猪主动脉冻干过程的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陶乐仁  刘萌芳  吴建青  张淑红  李咏富 《CT理论与应用研究》2010,19(1):62-70

本实验将猪主动脉血管的冷冻干燥与微CT扫描结合,对不同的预冻速率下的猪主动脉血管及冻干各阶段进行非侵入地扫描,并利用软件得到的孔隙率与灰度值,比较出不同处理方法对血管造成的差异。其中,预冻过程降温速率为0.5℃·min-1,1℃·min-1,2℃·min-1的血管冻干前后孔隙率的变化率分别为11.9%,16.6%,29.7%;平均灰度值的变化率分别为2.27%,3.64%,6.36%。同时,也对升华过程的界面移动进行了扫描,从血管组成结构的角度分析了造成界面移动变化的原因。  相似文献   

Running safety analysis of a train on the Tsing Ma Bridge under turbulent winds     

Weiwei Guo  He Xia  Youlin Xu 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2010,9(3):307-318

The dynamic responses of the Tsing Ma suspension bridge and the running behaviors of trains on the bridge under turbulent wind actions are analyzed by a three-dimensional wind-train-bridge interaction model. This model consists of a spatial finite element bridge model, a train model composed of eight 4-axle identical coaches of 27 degrees-of-freedom, and a turbulent wind model. The fluctuating wind forces, including the buffeting forces and the self-excited forces, act on the bridge only, since the train runs inside the bridge deck. The dynamic responses of the bridge are calculated and some results are compared with data measured from Typhoon York. The runnability of the train passing through the Tsing Ma suspension bridge at different speeds is researched under turbulent winds with different wind velocities. Then, the threshold curve of wind velocity for ensuring the running safety of the train in the bridge deck is proposed, from which the allowable train speed at different wind velocities can be determined. The numerical results show that rail traffic on the Tsing Ma suspension bridge should be closed as the mean wind velocity reaches 30 m/s.  相似文献   

三峡库区万州区山湾堰塘沉积物特征及演化历史     

刘雪梅  殷坤龙  李远耀  柴波  汤罗圣 《地球科学》2010,35(6):1069-1074

万州特有的阶梯状地貌特征是万州地区河流地貌演化及水平地层特殊地质环境共同作用的结果,通过系统的野外地质调查、勘探和资料收集,结合2008年堰塘的湖中钻探,对该堰塘沉积物进行系统取样与分析,并进行了沉积物年龄与成分的测定.结果表明山湾陡崖的崩塌与阶地抬升及区域构造运动一致.绘制了山湾滑坡崩塌堆积物各期次沉积剖面,共分为10个崩塌旋回.结合沉积物测年,研究了山湾滑坡体沉积物沉积速率,得出了山湾危岩陡崖后退速率为0.31~0.37 m/ka.   相似文献   

地学时间单位Ma和Myr及其派生单位用法的探讨     

李成俊  骆振福  邓群  靳晓艳  王继红 《煤田地质与勘探》2010,38(2):79-80

针对夏明生先生认为“Ma”及其派生单位(如“m/Ma”和“℃/Ma”)在地学期刊中属错误用法的观点,查阅了国家标准GB 3100-93和国际地学期刊有关规定。进而提出“Ma”和“Myr”均可表示“100万年”的观点,并指出这两个单位在国际期刊用法中的区别,即“Ma”用于表示某一地质事件距今的绝对年代(absolute dates),而“Myr”用于表示某一地质事件的延续时间或时间间隔(duration或interval)。另外,还提出了Ma”和“Myr”的派生单位供大家讨论。   相似文献   

THE TECTONIC ACTIVITY CHARACTERISTICS OF AWANCANG FAULT IN THE LATE QUATERNARY,THE SUB-STRAND OF THE EASTERN KUNLUN FAULT          下载免费PDF全文

LI Chen-xia  YUAN Dao-yang  YANG Hu  XU Xi-wei 《地震地质》2016,38(1):44-64

It is well known that the slip rate of Kunlun Fault descends at the east segment, but little known about the Awancang Fault and its role in strain partitioning with Kunlun Fault. Whether the sub-strand(Awancang Fault) can rupture simultaneously with Kunlun Fault remains unknown. Based on field investigations, aerial-photo morphological analysis, topographic surveys and ¹⁴C dating of alluvial surfaces, we used displaced terrace risers to estimate geological slip rates along the Awancang Fault, which lies on the western margin of the Ruoergai Basin and the eastern edge of the Tibetan plateau, the results indicate that the slip rate is 3mm/a in the middle Holocene, similar to the reduced value of the Kunlun Fault. The fault consists of two segments with strike N50° W, located at distance about 16km, and converged to single stand to the SE direction. Our results demonstrate that the Awancang fault zone is predominantly left-lateral with a small amount of northeast-verging thrust component. The slip rates decrease sharply about 4mm/a from west to east between the intersection zone of the Awancang Fault and Kunlun Fault. Together with our previous trenching results on the Kunlun Fault, the comparison with slip rates at the Kunlun fault zone suggests that the Awancang fault zone has an important role in strain partitioning for east extension of Kunlun Fault in eastern Tibet. At the same time, the 15km long surface rupture zone of the southeast segment was found at the Awancang Fault. By dating the latest faulted geomorphologic surface, the last event may be since the 1766±54 Cal a BP. Through analysis of the trench, there are four paleoearthquake events identified recurring in situ on the Awancang Fault and the latest event is since (850±30)a BP. The slip rate of the Awancang Fault is almost equivalent to the descending value of the eastern part of the east Kunlun Fault, which can well explain the slip rate decreasing of the eastern part of the east Kunlun Fault(the Maqin-Maqu segment)and the characteristics of the structure dynamics of the eastern edge of the Tibet Plateau. The falling slip rate gradient of the eastern Kunlun Fault corresponds to the geometric characteristic. It is the Awancang Fault, the strand of the East Kunlun Fault that accommodates the strain distribution of the eastward extension of the east Kunlun Fault. This study is helpful to seismic hazard assessment and understanding the deformation mechanism in eastern Tibet.  相似文献