智能化桩基超声波CT检测系统研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张杰  沈霄云  刘明贵 《岩土力学》2009,30(4):1197-1200

提出智能化桩基超声波CT检测系统是超声波检测技术发展的方向。它主要通过跨孔扇形检测得到数据,CT智能反演成像得到图像,分析得到缺陷情况。这里系统地介绍了智能化桩基超声波CT检测系统的形成、理论基础、关键技术和应用情况, 引入了模拟退火反演的理论,分析了两者的相互关系。经工程实例验证,超声成像技术能较好地反映桩体内部缺陷情况,包括大小、严重程度,且结果直观。  相似文献   

紫下大桥安全检测与评价方法研究     

邓洪亮  石保同 《地震学刊》2009,(1):92-97

钢桥因具有跨径大、承载能力强、施工工期短等特点,被世界各国广泛采用,但在使用过程中,由于重载甚至超载车辆的反复作用、自然灾害的侵袭及交通事故等人为因素的作用,经常造成桥梁损伤和局部破坏,导致桥梁承载能力和耐久性的降低,甚至影响到运营的安全。本文建立了钢拱桥的健康检测和安全评价方法,采用防腐涂层厚度测定、结合强度测定、无损探伤和动静载荷试验等手段对紫下大桥健康状况进行了检测,采用不确定层次分析法对大桥进行了安全评价,提出了处理意见和措施,为既有钢拱桥的健康检测、评价和维护积累了有益的资料。  相似文献   

Airflow and aeolian sediment transport patterns within a coastal trough blowout during lateral wind conditions   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

Thomas Andrew George Smyth  Derek Jackson  Andrew Cooper 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2014,39(14):1847-1854

Blowouts are depressions that occur on coastal dunes, deserts and grasslands. The absence of vegetation in blowouts permits high speed winds to entrain and remove sediment. Whereas much research has examined patterns of wind flow and sediment transport on the stoss slopes and lee of sand dunes, no study has yet investigated the connections between secondary air‐flow structures and sediment transport in a blowout where zones of streamline compression, expansion and steering are less clearly delineated. In this study we investigated the variability of sediment flux and its relation to near‐surface wind speed and turbulence within a trough blowout during wind flow that was oblique to the axis of the blowout. Wind flow was measured using six, three‐dimensional (3D) ultrasonic anemometers while sediment flux by eight sand traps, all operating at 25 Hz. Results demonstrated that sediment flux rates were highly variable throughout the blowout deflation basin, even over short distances (< 0.5 m). Where flow was steadiest, flux was greatest. Consequently the highest rates of sediment transport were recorded on the erosional wall crest where flow was compressed and accelerated. The strength of correlation between sediment flux and wind parameter improved with an increase in averaging interval, from 10 seconds to 1 minute. At an interval of 10 seconds, however, wind speed correlated best with flux at seven of eight traps, whereas at an interval of one minute Turbulent Kinetic Energy (TKE) provided the best correlation with flux at six of the eight traps. Correlation between sediment flux and wind parameters was best in the centre of the blowout and poorest on the erosional wall crest. The evidence from this paper suggests, for the first time, that TKE may be a better predictor of sediment transport at minute scale averaging intervals, particularly over landforms where wind flow is highly turbulent. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Ultrasonic elastic characteristics of five kinds of metamorphic deformed coals under room temperature and pressure conditions   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Yun Wang  XiaoKai Xu  DeYi Yang 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(9):2208-2216

The calibration of the elastic characteristics of deformed coals is essential for seismic inversion of such units, because the prediction of coal deformation is essential for both mining safety and methane production. Therefore, many samples of broken and mylonitic deformed coal were tested with ultrasonic waves in the laboratory. These samples came from four mining areas: the Huainan, Pingdingshan, Hebi and Jiaozuo coal mines, which present five different metamorphic ranks shown as cylinders striking across circular limits of steel. Under normal pressures and temperatures, ultrasonic P- and S-wave tests show that the velocities, quality factors, and elastic moduli of the deformed coals were greatly reduced compared with undeformed coals. Also, some correlation was found between the P- and S-wave velocities in the deformed coals. However, there is no evidence of linear correlations between velocity and density, velocity and quality factor, or the quality factors of P- and S-waves. Compared with the elastic characteristics of undeformed coals, such as P- and S-wave velocity ratios or Poisson’s ratio, those of deformed coals generally decrease and the P-wave quality factors are less than those of S-waves. Moreover, the analysis of the relationship between pore structure and elastic modulus shows a better correlation between the P- and S-wave velocities and effective porosity, pore volume and specific surface area. Also, there are similar relationships between the pore structure and the Young’s and shear moduli. However, there are no such correlations with other moduli. Correlations between these elastic moduli, pore structure, coal rank and density were not found for the various samples of deformed coals, which is consistent with only structural destruction occurring in the deformed coals with other physical properties remaining unchanged. The experimental results show that it is possible to predict the deformation of coals with multi-component seismic elastic inversion.  相似文献   

砂岩的高温损伤与模量分析     

王鹏  许金余  刘石  陈腾飞  方新宇 《岩土力学》2014,35(Z2):211-216

通过定义砂岩试样压缩破坏过程的4个阶段模量,对高温（25℃～1 000℃）后砂岩压缩破坏的应力-应变全过程进行定量研究。分析砂岩高温后的模量特征和超声特性,并基于压缩模量定义高温作用后砂岩试样的热损伤因子,对不同温度作用后的砂岩试样进行损伤分析,发现高温后砂岩压缩破坏具有明显的阶段性特征;4个阶段的阶段模量随温度的变化规律各有不同;压密模量与纵波波速具有很强的相关性;基于压密模量定义的高温后砂岩试样热损伤因子避开了基于纵波波速定义方法,未考虑温度对密度和泊松比影响的缺陷,更具科学性;25～200 ℃温度区间内砂岩试样热损伤对温度最敏感。研究成果对高温环境岩石工程具有一定的指导意义。  相似文献   

一类基于F2812 DSP 的简易流量计     

王勇  孙峰 《南京气象学院学报》2012,4(5):452-455

基于高性能的TI F2812 DSP处理器,设计了一类简易的超声波流量计.提出了发射探头在上,下方2个接收探头的三角结构,使得顺逆流时间可以同时测量,避免了测量不同步引入的误差.通过添加一个小键盘和液晶显示单元使整个装置小巧便于使用.另外,还给出了详细的硬件电路设计.实验结果表明该流量计能够用于对流体的测量.  相似文献   

特殊条件下的物探检测及其应用效果   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

陈新球  彭绪洲 《地球物理学进展》2004,19(4):880-882

长江三峡工程永久船闸高边坡卸荷影响带和清江水布垭导流洞洞壁松动圈对物探检测来说是两个极具代表性的工程问题．而地震波CT和声波测试又分别代表着最前沿和最常规的物探检测方法．本文应用地震CT和声波测试方法对上述两个问题进行了探测研究．探测结果表明,在解决某些特殊条件下的地质问题时,根据现场实际情况选定合适的地球物理方法可以取得事半功倍的效果．  相似文献   

基于弯曲路径的混凝土超声层析成像及其改进     

熊炜  周曾辉  余开彪  吴亚平  罗炜 《岩土力学》2011,32(2):629-634

针对混凝土质量检测的特点,采用弯曲射线进行超声层析成像。首先建立波速分布的网格模型,并引入最短路径法进行射线追踪,然后采用联合迭代重建技术（SIRT）反演成像。为使算法适应弯曲射线,对SIRT的计算步骤进行调整,增加外层迭代,以便对修正后的路径进行下一轮反演;为提高反演精度,根据射线传播距离、幅度衰减、频率突变等信息建立和调整信号可信度系数,并依据该系数在求取网格慢度修正值时进行加权平均;为缩短计算时间,动态调整网格节点个数,并进行双向最短路径追踪。经过数值模拟及对混凝土基桩的实测,证明该方法在计算准确性和精度上有明显改进,计算速度也可以满足工程应用的需要。  相似文献   

Extraction of organochlorine pesticides in sediments using soxhlet,ultrasonic and accelerated solvent extraction techniques   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

LANG Yinhai  CAO Zhengmei  and NIE Xinhua College of Environmental Science  Engineering  Ocean University of China  Oingdao  P.R.China Bureau of Environmental Protection of Qingdao  Qingdao  P. R. China 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2005,4(2):173-176

The application of soxhlet, ultrasonic and accelerated solvent extraction techniques to the analysis of six organochlorine pesticides (α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, o, p'-DDT, p,p'-DDT and p, p'-DDE) in Taihu Lake sediment samples is described. It was found that the limits of quantification ranged from 0.002μgg-1 to 0.004μgg-1, and the recoveries of organochlorine pesticides with the three extraction techniques were acceptable (>80.7%). With a mass selective detector, better results were obtained by accelerated solvent extraction using hexane-acetone (1:1) as compared with soxhlet and ultrasonic extraction. It was shown that the accelerated solvent extraction was the optimum technique for the analysis of organochlorine pesticides in sediments. The general features of the three extraction techniques are also presented.  相似文献   

超声改性对不同粘土去除藻华生物效率的影响     

姜文彬  俞志明  曹西华  邱丽霞  宋秀贤 《海洋与湖沼》2018,49(3):560-567

粘土表面改性方法是提高改性粘土絮凝有害藻华效率的关键。本文研究了超声改性法对粘土去除藻华生物效率的影响,对比分析了粘土颗粒在改性前后的粒度分布、扫描电镜图像以及表面电位等理化特征变化,进而初步探讨了超声改性的作用机制。结果显示,超声改性处理可以有效提高本研究中所试验五种粘土去除藻华生物能力。超声改性导致粘土颗粒粒径进一步减小,且超声时间越长,颗粒粒径越小;超声处理后的粘土粒度分布集中、颗粒均匀,延长超声处理时间可以有效提高增效效果。同时发现,超声改性后粘土颗粒的表面电位负电性变弱,降低了粘土颗粒与表面负电性藻细胞之间的静电斥力,从而提高了粘土对藻华生物藻细胞的絮凝去除能力。本研究探索了提高粘土去除藻华生物效率的新方法,为进一步增强改性粘土去除能力提供了参考。  相似文献