爆破振动速度衰减公式的优化选择   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8  

毕卫国  石崇 《岩土力学》2004,25(Z1):99-102

当前岩体中地震波传播规律还无法从理论上给出的统一公式。而主要依靠工程实测来获取第一手资料,然后通过最小二乘法来拟和经验公式对地震波的强度进行预测,从而达到防震减灾的目的。本文通过编制程序,对各种形式的拟和公式进行了比较,对爆破振动速度衰减公式的优化选择进行了探讨。根据不同形式拟和误差的不同,提出应解除萨氏公式中一次起爆药量与爆心距指数比例,选择最优化的指数来模拟,从而使得预测结果更加符合实际。  相似文献   

层状结构岩质边坡动力稳定性试验研究   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

门玉明  彭建兵  李寻昌  郝建斌 《世界地震工程》2004,20(4):131-136

介绍了所进行的层状结构岩质边坡动力稳定性试验。结果表明，在水平地震动加速度达到0．4g时，层状结构岩质边坡就会出现局部的层间错动现象，当水平地震加速度达到0．8g时，层间结合力较弱的边坡将发生大面积的表面滑动和崩塌。而在铅直地震力作用下，当地震加速度达到1.0g时，才会出现破坏现象。因而对层状结构岩质边坡来说，其水平地震力造成的危害是主要的。  相似文献   

Semi‐active fuzzy control for seismic response reduction using magnetorheological dampers     

Kang‐Min Choi  Sang‐Won Cho  Hyung‐Jo Jung  In‐Won Lee 《地震工程与结构动力学》2004,33(6):723-736

A semi‐active fuzzy control strategy for seismic response reduction using a magnetorheological (MR) damper is presented. When a control method based on fuzzy set theory for a structure with a MR damper is used for vibration reduction of a structure, it has an inherent robustness, and easiness to treat the uncertainties of input data from the ground motion and structural vibration sensors, and the ability to handle the non‐linear behavior of the structure because there is no longer the need for an exact mathematical model of the structure. For a clipped‐optimal control algorithm, the command voltage of a MR damper is set at either zero or the maximum level. However, a semi‐active fuzzy control system has benefit to produce the required voltage to be input to the damper so that a desirable damper force can be produced and thus decrease the control force to reduce the structural response. Moreover, the proposed control strategy is fail‐safe in that the bounded‐input, bounded‐output stability of the controlled structure is guaranteed. The results of the numerical simulations show that the proposed semi‐active control system consisting of a fuzzy controller and a MR damper can be beneficial in reducing seismic responses of structures. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

陕西石泉2003年4月24日M_L4.9地震及其烈度衰减          下载免费PDF全文

冯希杰  杜文和  袁志祥  韩恒悦  米丰收  范增节  任隽 《地震工程学报》2004,26(4):365-367

石泉ML4.9地震为典型的主震余震型。宏观震中位于石泉县中池乡清泥涧一带,处在栗子坝—迎丰—铁佛寺断裂之上,地震等烈度线长轴方向为NW300°,和该断裂的展布方向一致。但本次地震的最大震动速度沿南北方向比东西方向衰减要慢,与烈度等震线所反映的衰减不一致。  相似文献   

The Frequency Content of Ground Vibration     

D. P. Blair 《Fragblast: International Journal for Blasting and Fragmentation》2004,8(3):151-176

A detailed examination of the frequency content of ground vibration is presented in terms of the so-called instantaneous frequency and time-frequency analysis. These techniques, and others, are applied to the surface vibration from a mass blast that triggered a large seismic event and to an earthquake vibration measured in the walls of a massive dam. As an associated issue it is shown that the relationship between peak levels of acceleration and velocity also reveals information on the frequency content of ground vibration. It is demonstrated quite clearly that the popular zero-crossing method cannot be used to obtain the frequency associated with the peak vibration level. In fact it is a false notion that one particular frequency can be associated with the peak level except for the ideal (and impractical) case of a single sinusoid. Realistically, there is a distribution of frequencies associated with the peak level, and a technique of sliding filters is suggested in order to examine the dependence of the peak level upon this frequency content. In light of the sliding filter approach, a new frequency dependent criterion for allowable levels of vibration is presented. This criterion is a completely continuous and well-defined function of frequency and so is more realistic than the current criteria which are only piecewise continuous and based upon an ill-defined frequency. The new criterion is applied to vibration data obtained from quarries and underground operations and is also applied to a model of resonant vibrations in urban dwellings.  相似文献   

A Feasibility Study on Controlling Ground Vibrations Caused by Blasts in Malmberget Underground Mine     

Z. X. Zhang  P. -A. Lindqvist  T. Naarttij  rvi  K. Wikstr  m 《Fragblast: International Journal for Blasting and Fragmentation》2004,8(1):3-21

In order to control or reduce the ground vibrations caused by underground blasts in Malmberget mine, a number of blast tests were carried out during production blasts and a series of single shot waveforms were obtained. Then the single shot waveforms from the same ring or different rings were analysed and compared with each other. The results showed that the single shots are reproducible, meaning that the ground vibrations caused by underground blasts can be controlled by means of the interference of the vibration waveforms measured. Finally, a formal test using electronic detonators and employing an optimum delay time of 8 ms was done in production. The test for an 11-borehole ring shows that the maximum vertical ground vibrations are reduced to the maximum vertical vibrations of a single shot. Particularly, the total vibration history for the 11-borehole-ring blast is shortened to about 200 ms over a velocity of 2 mm/s. However, the total vibration history of a normal production blast of 11-borehole ring is always 1400 ms over a velocity of 2 mm/s, namely the total vibration time of a production blast can be reduced to one seventh of that of the common production blasts by using the vibration control method. This indicates that the vibration control method introduced in the paper is feasible for underground mining blasts.  相似文献   

无限层地基中桩基础的扭转地震反应分析     

刘宗贤  李玉亭 《华南地震》1994,14(2):24-29

对分层弹性地基中的单桩基础通过特性分析建立了合理的力学模型，按分层弹性地基土模型对柱进行了扭转振动分析，给出了桩基础扭转自振特征及在扭转地震载荷与扭转振动载荷作用下的强迫反应解析解，文中的解析公式为分层弹性地基中的桩基础扭转动力反应分析提供了一种新的解析方法。  相似文献   

近接隧道列车运行时地表振动响应数值模拟     

路德春  马一丁  王国盛 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2021,51(5):1452-1462

鉴于目前城市地下铁路隧道平行、交叠的情况逐年增加,且对多列车耦合荷载作用下地表振动规律尚不清楚,本文建立了大直径盾构隧道下穿双线地铁隧道三维数值分析模型,并通过现有运行列车参数建立了刚体列车模型以及实体轨道模型。采用Hertz接触模拟了运动列车轮与钢轨的接触,通过罚接触与硬接触模拟了隧道与围岩的非线性接触,利用无限元人工边界模拟了无限半空间。使用时域显式整体分析方法模拟了编组列车在隧道内的运行并与实测地表振动加速度结果进行了对比,结果表明本文建立的数值模型能够较好地反映出真实地铁列车运行时地表的振动响应。在此基础上,分析了多线隧道交汇段不同列车运行工况下地表竖向加速度的时频特性以及分布规律。  相似文献   

武广高速铁路路基振动现场测试与分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

屈畅姿  王永和  魏丽敏  郭志广 《岩土力学》2012,33(5):1451-1456

为研究武广高速铁路无砟轨道路基的振动特性,对武昌－咸宁综合试验段路基进行了现场实车测试。获得了各测点在不同列车荷载作用下的竖向振动加速度和动应力幅值,总结了试验段路基动力响应的分布规律,获得了试验段路基的固有频率,并结合小波分析方法对路基的振动特性进行了频域分析。结果表明,车速的提升加剧了基床表层顶面路基的振动,在260～320 km/h车速段尤为明显。经过2.7 m高路堤的衰减,路基的动力响应幅值和振动能量已基本不受车速影响。级配碎石层能有效抑制振动沿路基深度的传递。随着车速的提升,转向架固定轴距作用率、轨道不平顺成为引起路基振动的主要原因。轴重对动力响应幅值和振动能量的影响较车速更为显著,轴重的增加使得振动能量在频域内更为集中。  相似文献   

高架轨道交通引起的地表振动参数化分析     

毛昆明  陈国兴  庄海洋 《岩土力学》2012,33(11):3400-3406

基于Abaqus软件64CPU并行计算集群平台,建立了车辆-轨道-高架桥-基础-地基耦合的三维有限元分析模型。得到了不同工况下列车运行时引起的地表振动特征,对地表振动振级随着与桥墩距离增大而衰减的规律进行了参数化分析,结果表明,随着列车车速的增大,地表振动振级明显增大;与空载时相比,列车乘客满载时仅靠近桥墩处的地表振级略微增大,对远处几乎无影响;列车车厢数量对地表振动振级的影响不明显;列车双线运行时引起的地表振动振级比单线运行时有明显的增大。扣件刚度的增大会略微减小地表振动振级。随着桩长的增加,地表振动振级有较大幅度的减小;增加桥墩的跨度能减小地表振动振级,但增加到一定值时再增加也不会有明显的减振效果;桥墩高度对地表振动振级无明显影响。随着场地土层剪切波速的增加,地表振动振级呈逐渐减小的趋势。  相似文献