闸下变动水位的船闸输水水力学计算          下载免费PDF全文

杨元平  曹颖  杨利  李浙江 《水科学进展》2017,28(1):76-85

为解决强潮海域闸下潮位变化剧烈的船闸输水系统水力学计算问题,以现有规范为基础,从输水计算原理出发,推导了变动水位条件下的输水水力学计算方法,应用该方法计算分析了变动水位对三堡船闸安保工程输水的影响,并对闸室面积、初始水头、闸外落潮速度等因素进行敏感性计算分析。结果表明,采用该方法计算得到变动水位条件下输水时间缩短,最大流量、最大比能也小于取初始恒定水位的计算成果,结果更符合强潮海域船闸实际输水过程,为类似条件船闸输水水力学计算提供了一种技术、经济合理可行的计算方法。  相似文献   

云南腾冲火山区地震/次声台阵建设     

苏伟  楼海  袁松湧  张东宁 《国际地震动态》2010,(5):26-33

在中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项《地震重点监视区地震与次声联合台阵探测对比试验》支持下,在云南腾冲火山区建设了一个由4个子台组成的三角形地震/次声台阵,首次将宽频带地震计及次声传感器联合部署在强地震活跃区及火山区。本文详细介绍了腾冲火山区地震/次声台阵的建设及其观测系统组成,特别是与次声观测有关的次声降噪滤波系统,并提出了下一步研究工作。  相似文献   

Funding and Facilitation: implications of changing government policy for the future of voluntary Landcare groups in Western Australia     

Genevieve Simpson 《The Australian geographer》2010,41(3):403-423

Landcare groups in Australia work to increase biodiversity, eliminate invasive species and promote sustainable land-use practices. With the implementation of the Rudd government's ‘Caring for our Country’ policy during 2008–09, financial and organisational resources available to these groups diminished. This paper examines whether the National Landcare Program's initial intentions—that agency support could be provided to ‘kick-start’ the community groups into action with the Landcare groups quickly becoming independent bodies—are ultimately realistic. The results show that the majority of Landcare groups continue to be reliant on government-sourced funding and Landcare facilitators, and that those groups which do not have access to support have reduced their activity levels accordingly. Landcare groups were suffering from a reduced volunteer base, with static or decreasing numbers of participants, an inability to set regular meetings and a lack of volunteers to take up leadership positions. The reliance of Landcare groups on government support suggests that Landcare was an unsuccessful form of state-sponsored community participation, making Landcare groups similar to other volunteer organisations in terms of their functional characteristics and reliance on externally sourced funds.  相似文献   

Estimating trends of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation from long-term hydrographic data and model simulations     

Gerrit Lohmann  Helmuth Haak  Johann H. Jungclaus 《Ocean Dynamics》2008,58(2):127-138

The ocean meridional overturning circulation (MOC) plays a central role for the climate in the Atlantic realm. Since scenarios for future climate change indicate a significant reduction of the MOC under global warming, an assessment of variations and trends of the real MOC is important. Using observations at ocean weather ship (OWS) stations and along oceanic sections, we examine the hydrographic information that can be used to determine MOC trends via its signature in water mass properties obtained from model simulations with the climate model ECHAM5/MPI-OM. We show that temperature trends at mid-latitudes provide useful indirect measure of large-scale changes of deep circulation: A mid-depth warming is related to MOC weakening and a cooling to MOC strengthening. Based on our model experiments, we argue that a continuation of measurements at key OWS sites may contribute to a timely detection of a possible future MOC slowdown and to separate the signal from interannual-to-multidecadal MOC variability. The simulations suggest that the subsurface hydrographic information related to MOC has a lower variability than the MOC trend measured directly. Based on our model and the available long-term hydrographic data, we estimate non-significant MOC trends for the last 80 years. For the twenty-first century, however, the model simulations predict a significant MOC decline and accompanied mid-depth warming trend.  相似文献   

承船厢吊耳的局部应力分析研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张世联  徐汉涛  杨文华  韦疑男 《海洋工程》1999,17(3)

承船厢是升船机系统中的一个重要结构物,该结构物中的关键结构吊耳是否有足够的强度,应力分布是否合理将直接影响升船机系统工作的可靠性。在对吊耳进行光弹性试验基础上,对吊耳的光弹性模型进行有限元分析,通过结果的分析比较,确定承船厢吊耳的局部结构的计算可靠程度  相似文献   

Buckling and postbuckling of composite ship panels stiffened with preform frames     

Sarah E. Mouring 《Ocean Engineering》1999,26(8):793

The U.S. shipbuilding industry recently has started incorporating composite materials in the construction of both military and commercial ships due to the advantages of composite construction. These advantages include the reduction in total life costs, corrosion resistance, high strength- and stiffness-to-weight ratios, and improved stealth for military applications. One disadvantage is the higher costs of composites compared to steel and other conventional materials. Therefore, new higher quality materials with lower costs and new fabrication methods need to be developed before composite materials will be fully accepted for the construction of large ships. A new composite preform framing technology shows promise in the reduction of fabrication costs for large ship construction. There already has been significant cost savings using this framing technology in the construction of small recreational boats and large yachts. This framing technology involves casting a dry glass fiber-reinforced plastic (GRP) fabric into shape in a closed mold with a foam core. One unresolved issue using this framing technology is the orientation of the fiber for the frames. This paper summarizes experimental results of the testing of composite panels stiffened with preform frames under in-plane uniaxial compressive loads. Biaxial (0,90), quadaxial (0,90,+45,−45), and triaxial (+45,−45,0) laminates were used in the frames.  相似文献   

船舶碰撞中空夹层钢管混凝土导管架平台损伤分析     

商文翰  张纪刚  吴书义  刘菲菲  陈文礼  赵阳 《海洋工程》2023,41(2):22-30

针对船舶与中空夹层钢管混凝土（CFDST）导管架平台碰撞问题,利用ABAQUS/Explicit非线性有限元软件建立中空夹层钢管混凝土导管腿导管架数值模型,对船舶碰撞进行数值模拟,对比分析1 m/s、2 m/s和3 m/s的3种碰撞速度下工况下导管架抗碰撞性能、耗能及损伤。从碰撞力、碰撞区域变形以及导管架能量耗散等方面详细研究中空夹层钢管混凝土导管腿作用下导管架整体的损伤模式和动力响应。结果表明：CFDST导管架在船舶碰撞荷载作用下主要由CFDST导管腿耗能,有效控制了结构整体位移变形,提升了整体刚度,有效发挥平台各构件之间组合耗能,结构抗碰撞能力得到明显提升。  相似文献   

极地吊舱推进船舶回转性能的离散元分析     

邓恺其  王祥  季顺迎 《海洋工程》2023,41(3):96-109

吊舱推进装置在极地船舶中被广泛应用,其转舵模块可以带动螺旋桨摆动从而产生任意方向的推进力,使船舶操纵更为灵活。提出了一种吊舱推进船舶冰区操纵的离散元方法,对具有吊舱推进装置的冰区船舶破冰过程进行了数值模拟。以“雪龙2”号破冰船为研究对象,计算分析了船舶定速直航时的冰阻力,并通过与Lindqvist经验公式的对比验证了冰阻力计算的合理性。在此基础上进一步对船舶在不同冰厚、不同吊舱转向角下的回转破冰运动进行了离散元模拟,分析了回转半径与船长比值随冰厚的变化规律。计算结果表明：船舶的回转性能随冰厚的增大而降低,并随吊舱转向角的增大而显著提高。  相似文献   

基于YOLO模型的SAR舰船目标检测方法研究          下载免费PDF全文

姜赋坤  黄香诚  张晓波  周兴华 《海洋技术学报》2023,(4):14-27

随着海上交通运输业业务需求的不断增加,传统的目标检测方法已无法满足实际需求。由于卫星遥感技术的快速发展,基于合成孔径雷达（Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR）图像舰船目标自动识别具有显著的应用潜力。近年来,深度学习技术在目标检测领域逐渐显现出优势,特别是YOLO (You Only Look Once)模型以其较高的精度和计算效率,为SAR舰船目标的识别提供了一种新的方法。为对比不同的YOLO模型在舰船目标识别领域的性能及其相比于两阶段深度学习算法的优势,本文首先对YOLO系列的结构进行了归纳总结;其次对当前广泛使用的数据集进行了对比分析,并基于SAR图像数据集（SAR Ship Detection Dataset,SSDD）的样本进行重新标注构建出本文的数据集;然后将YOLO系列模型与两阶段目标检测方法——更快速的区域卷积神经网络（Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Network,Faster R-CNN）在SAR舰船目标检测的精度和速度两方面进行对比实验;最后在YOLOv5模型的基础上对主干网络（Backbone...  相似文献   

结合置信度的多通道星载SAR在轨舰船低虚警快速检测     

郑儒楠  仇晓兰 《遥感学报》2022,26(3):516-527

舰船目标快速检测是星载合成孔径雷达的重要应用之一,也是SAR星上处理首先发展的应用方向.目前SAR舰船快速检测普遍使用的图像恒虚警(CFAR)检测方法中,低虚警一直是研究的重点,多通道SAR中舰船目标存在多通道虚假目标,进一步增加了虚警剔除的难度.为此,本文提出了一种基于置信度计算和SVM判别的低虚警CFAR(Cons...  相似文献