Runoff- and monsoon-driven variability of fish production in East China Seas     

Yongsong Qiu  Yuezhong Wang  Zuozhi Chen 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008

To understand the confounding fishing effect and physical influence on fish production, catch time series in the East China Seas were analyzed. Principal component analysis partitioned 18 catch time series into interannual trends and variations. While the trends were attributed to growth in fishing effort, variations in catches were related to precipitation and monsoon wind speed. Correlations of catch variations with the physical variables suggest that land-based runoff and monsoon circulation of the diluted coastal water masses are the physical forces dominating catch variability and the influences are largely through the associated nutrient supply on primary production. Runoff inputs nutrients to the coastal ecosystem, while monsoons drive their distribution. Offshore diffusion of the coastal water masses by the summer monsoon increases distribution and efficiency of nutrients and has a positive effect on fish production. Southerly transport of coastal currents alongshore by the winter monsoon confines nutrient distribution and induces nutrient loss from the northern waters. This process reduces overall and northern production, but increases production to the south. A long-term variation in catches was identified, which corresponds to a trend in the local winter monsoon as well as large-scale atmospheric changes. Prediction of the catch variation by the local wind speed suggests that large-scale atmospheric circulation determines the trend in the local winter monsoon, and the local winter monsoon that drives nutrient distribution should be directly responsible for the long-term variation of fish production in the East China Seas.  相似文献   

北方浅水湖泊冬季结冰对风生流的影响          下载免费PDF全文

陈友媛  胡广鑫  杨世迎  李亚平 《水科学进展》2012,23(6):837-843

为了研究北方浅水湖泊冬季结冰对风生流的影响,采用MIKE21构建山东省聊城市东昌湖水动力学模型,分析真实风场作用下6种风应力拖曳系数对应的模拟流速与实测数据的差异,进一步讨论了冰盖面积对模拟结果产生的影响。结果表明,风应力拖曳系数为随风速连续变化比设置为常数模拟精度提高20%左右,其中采用微风条件下的风应力拖曳系数表达式模拟效果最好。此外,冬季水体结冰对风生流数值模拟影响较大,尤其是在被冰盖所覆盖的水域,风应力对水体流动的作用减弱甚至被抵消。与传统的风生流模拟相比,在北方浅水湖泊冬季风生流模拟中,引入冰场或是对风应力拖曳系数进行相应调整是有必要的。  相似文献   

Numerical Study of Oil Pollution on Sea Waters     

Geng Zhaoquan  Ni Yongqiang  Zhou Anguo Senior Engineer  Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Estuarine  Coastal Engineering Research  Hangzhou Engineer  Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Estuarine  Coastal Engineering Research  Hangzhou Engineer  Zhejiang Institute of Environmental Protection Science  Hangzhou 《中国海洋工程》1992,(1)

This paper adopted an upstream FEM of 2-D unsteady flow to calculate the tidal flow in Zhoushan sea area. Based on the verification of the tidal current and environmental situation, the effects of the oily waste discharged from the oil berths on water quality have been calculated with a similar method. The isodilutions of oil pollutant are drawn from different sewage discharges. The moving loci of the slick centrepoint of oil spill have been calculated. The spreading area of the oil spill has also been forecasted. The results indicate that the set of models can predict the transport of oil spill in the sea area with reasonable accuracy.  相似文献   

正则化方法在风海流Ekman模型资料同化中的应用     

黄兵  刘健文  钟中  白洁 《热带气象学报》2006,22(6):648-653

针对修正的风海流Ekman模型，采用变分同化技术结合反问题的正则化技巧，对模式的初始条件、边界条件和模式参数进行最优调整，使模式解与观测场能较好地符合。在对模式参数的估计过程中，引进正则化思想，在目标泛函中增加稳定泛函，从而克服在调整模式参数时造成的不适定。并通过数值试验进一步肯定正则化理论在资料同化中的作用。  相似文献   

Simulation of barotropic wind-driven circulation in the upper layers of Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea during the southwest and northeast monsoon seasons using observed winds     

N. Bahulayan  A. S. Unnikrishnan 《Journal of Earth System Science》1992,101(1):47-66

A two-dimensional, nonlinear, vertically integrated model was used to simulate depth-mean wind-driven circulation in the upper Ekman layers of the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea. The model resolution was one third of a degree in the latitude and longitude directions. Monthly mean wind stress components used to drive the model were obtained from the climatic monthly mean wind data compiled by Hastenrath and Lamb. A steady-state solution was obtained after numerical integration of the model for 15 days. The sensitivity of the model to two types of open boundary conditions, namely, a radiation type and clamped type, was tested. A comparison of simulated results for January with available ship drift data showed that the application of the latter along the open boundary could reproduce all the observed features near the boundary and the interior of the model domain. The model was integrated for 365 days to study the circulation during the southwest and northeast monsoon seasons. The model was successful in simulating the broad features of circulation including gyres and eddies observed during both the seasons, the development of north equatorial current during the northeast monsoon period and eastward moving monsoon drift current up to 90°E during the southwest monsoon season. During the latter season, two anticyclonic gyres were observed in the central and the southern parts of the Bay. A cyclonic type of circulation was prevalent in the central and western parts of the Bay of Bengal during the northeast monsoon months of November and December. The simulated western boundary current along the east coast of India, flows northward and southward during the southwest and northeast monsoon seasons respectively. It is presumed that this western boundary current, simulated during both the seasons, is locally wind-driven.  相似文献   

太湖风生流三维数值模拟试验   总被引：29，自引：0，他引：29  

逄勇  濮培民 《地理学报》1996,(4)

本文建立了一个适合太湖的三维水动力学模式，考虑太湖局地风场的影响，模拟了太湖的风生流，模拟结果和二维模式的计算结果相比，流速值较符合实际。另外，研究了太湖地形因子对太湖环流的影响，指出洞庭西山和洞庭东山间狭长的过道区是产生太湖大范围环流的重要原因。为了研究太湖中藻类的治理和富集问题，对不同风向作用下太湖的散度场进行了分析计算，对太湖的梅梁湾和贡湖地区进行分析，结果可归纳为三类：（１）辐合型（对应Ｓ、ＳＷ风）；（２）辐散型（对应Ｎ、ＮＥ风）；（３）并存型（对应Ｗ、ＮＷ、Ｅ、ＳＥ风）。  相似文献   

Modeling the tide and wind-induced circulation in Buzzards Bay     

S. Sankaranarayanan   《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2007,73(3-4):467-480

Hydrodynamic model application to Buzzards Bay is performed using a three-dimensional Boundary-fitted Hydrodynamic model in this study. The model is forced with observed tidal harmonic constants along the open boundaries and winds on the surface. The main focus of the present study is to model the detailed wind and tide-induced circulation in Buzzards Bay. The observed surface elevations and currents given in [Butman, B., Signell, R., Shoukimas, P., Beardsley, R.C., 1988. Current Observations in Buzzards Bay, 1982–1986. Open File Report 88-5. United States Geological Survey] and the tide and current harmonics given in [Signell, R.P., 1987. Tide- and Wind-forced Currents in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts. Technical Report WH-87-15. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts] are used to validate the model predictions. The calibrated model is then used to study the relative contributions of tidal and wind forcing on the instantaneous and residual circulation in Buzzards Bay. The amplitudes and phases of the principal tidal constituents at 10 tidal stations in Buzzards Bay obtained from a harmonic analysis of a 60-day simulation compare well with the observed data. The predicted amplitude and phase of the M₂ tidal constituent of surface elevations at these stations are, respectively, within 4 cm and 5° of the observed data. The errors in the model-predicted M₂ harmonic principal current speeds are less than 6 cm/s, and the principal current directions and phases are within 14° of the observations. The observed surface elevations and currents given in [Butman, B., Signell, R., Shoukimas, P., Beardsley, R.C., 1988. Current Observations in Buzzards Bay, 1982–1986. Open File Report 88-5. United States Geological Survey] are used to validate the model-predicted low-frequency surface elevations and currents. The model predictions in low-frequency surface elevations at Woods Hole closely follow the trends seen in the observations with a correlation coefficient of 0.735, but fail to capture some of the peak surges seen in the observations. The model-predicted low-frequency currents in the east–west direction at stations in Buzzards Bay compare well with the observations with the correlation coefficient exceeding 0.811 and the model capturing the trends seen in the observations, for the most part. However, the model-predicted north–south velocities does not compare well with the observations. The model-predictions agree with the observations that the tidal currents in Vineyard Sound lagged the currents in Buzzards Bay by more than 3 h. The interaction of wind stress with large bathymetric gradients was shown to cause many vortices in Buzzards Bay, as seen from the model predictions. Model simulations show that the winds play a more dominant role than the tides in the generation of the barotropic residual currents in Buzzards Bay, while the model-predicted tide-induced residual current was seen to be small.  相似文献   

Three-Dimensional Simulation of Water Circulation in the Java Sea: Influence of Wind Waves on Surface and Bottom Stresses     

Ningsih  Nining Sari  Yamashita  Takao  Aouf  Lotfi 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(2-3):145-171

A one-year simulation of tide- andwind-driven circulation in the Java Sea, which is one ofthe Indonesian seas located in a tropical area, hasbeen carried out using a three-dimensionalhydrodynamic model incorporating the influence of thewind waves generated at the sea surface. This area isinfluenced by the monsoon climate (east- andwest-monsoon). Six hourly-wind fields at 10 m abovethe sea surface were used as a representative windfield. In other respects, the effect of waves on thethree-dimensional hydrodynamic model has beenrepresented by the surface and bottom stresses. Athird-generation wave model called WAM (WAMDI, 1988)was used to calculate the wave parameters and thewave dependence of the drag coefficient. Thetrajectory of water particles induced by thecalculated velocity fields in the Java Sea was then simulated.In dealing with hazardous phenomena, this modelwill be extended to predict suspended sediment fluxes,particularly those relating to catastrophic changes in seabottom topography and beach erosion. It is also animportant tool for the prediction of storm surge events.  相似文献   

OUTFLOW OF SUSPENDED MATERIALS FROM THE CHANGJIANG RIVER MOUTH     

彭马川  胡敦欣 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1997,15(3):258-263

ImODUrmNJ0GFS(JointGlobaldrinFLuxStudy:l99()-2OO()isaworldwidenawhprogramfocusingontheoasns'buharolewhentheC0,prmtageintheairincreasesandtheatmOspheretemPeraturebo.ThefluxofsuspendedrnateriaIs(SM)intheEastChinaScaisboortanttotheworld'srnatterchaltfon,astheChangiiangRiver,thelargestriverinAsia,dischargesbillionsoftOnsoftheidWhterintoit.ManystudAshavebocondtalonSMmovementncarChina'scoastalseas.Yang(l983)studiedthefine%rainedsededtSfromtheChangiiangandHuangheRiversWhileQin(l983)fo…  相似文献