工程破坏区植被发育动态过程的研究 --以古尔班通古特沙漠为例     

倪萍  牛博  刘江 《云南地理环境研究》2005,17(3):13-17

通过样方法及植被调查法,从纵向和横向两个不同方向对工程破坏后的沙地植被进行比较研究。在纵向上,由于植被恢复时间的不同,其恢复的程度也不同。植被恢复状况可明显的分3个阶段:定居前期(1～6a)主要以多年生羽叶三芒草和小半灌木绢蒿为主;中期(7～11a)主要以多年生小半灌木青杆沙蒿为主;后期(12～16a)主要生长着多年生麻黄及草本沙苔,地表出现大面积的生物结皮。在横向上,将恢复后期的植被与原始植被进行比较。通过对植被发育不同阶段过程中物种重要值、物种多样性、丰富度及生活型的变化等方面的调查,发现在不同阶段,各物种的重要值发生了不同的变化,物种多样性指数,均匀度指数,丰富度指数到后期均增大。  相似文献   

Designing geotechnical structures with a proper stability criterion as a safety factor     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2016

  相似文献   

Contained density currents with high volume of release   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Quentin Theiler  Mário J. Franca 《Sedimentology》2016,63(6):1820-1842

Contained density currents with high volume of release reflect against the boundaries of the reception environment commonly leading to oscillatory flow. These flows exist in sediment clarifiers, compromising their operations, and deposited signatures of contained turbidity currents are found as part of the infill of sedimentary basins; for operation of the former and interpretation of the latter it is essential to understand the dynamic processes of these flows. Six lock‐exchange experiments with different initial densities were made in a horizontal flume, where the volume of the saline mixture in the lock was equivalent to the volume of the ambient fluid. A further two tests, with a repeated initial density, were made: one with high volume of release and very long duration; and another with low volume of release. Firstly, the movement of the current is discussed, including the oscillations within the experimental tank involving the density current and an upper layer counter‐current. It is shown that the cyclic behaviour is self‐similar with the reduced gravity of the initial density in the lock. Secondly, entrainment and water mixing processes are characterized. The time evolution of mixing is characterized qualitatively by analysing the background potential energy of the density distributions to show that mixing occurs even in the earlier stages of the current, and mainly within the first cycle of the oscillation. Quantified analysis reveals that, in currents with high volume of release, entrainment discharge is one order of magnitude higher, mainly due to the larger interface between the ambient fluid and the current. A model for the evolution of the mixing process is proposed for density currents with high volume of release. Finally, the dynamics of the head of the current is analysed. The entrainment in the head, when compared to the entrainment in the remainder body of the flows, is less important for the configuration with a larger lock.  相似文献   

新时代地质工作战略思考     

程光华  苏晶文  杨洋  赵牧华  王睿 《地质通报》2018,37(7):1177-1185

新时代社会经济发展面临着资源、能源供需形势变化、地质环境加速恶化、资源极大浪费等资源环境问题,现有地质工作体系在理论方法技术、调查要素与精度、专业划分与人才队伍、成果评估与实际利用方面均存在明显不足,亟需进行新时代地质工作的战略定位,建立适应新时代的地质工作新体系。从国家战略层面围绕自然资源开发、保护、永续利用、永保绿色的长期目标,提出新时代地质工作新体系构想。建立以地球系统论为基础的理论体系、国土空间多尺度全要素基础调查体系、全空间资源环境评价体系、空中地面与地下三位一体监测预警与应急救援体系、基于大数据地质信息服务体系等为一体的新时代地质工作新体系,并建立新时代地质工作法律保障和监管体系、地质调查成果认定与发布共享体系,以及中央省市三级地质人才队伍建设体系,适应新时代地质工作需求,提供有利保障。  相似文献   

福建邵武地区大坪—张厝一带萤石矿地质特征及下一步工作方向     

焦森 《地质论评》2021,67(Z1):67z1143-67z1145

正研究区位于福建省邵武市大坪—张厝一带,区内断裂构造发育,萤石矿化强烈,物化探异常明显,萤石矿床(点)众多。综合区内成矿地质特征及成矿规律,区内萤石矿找矿潜力大,新发现的张厝、新坪萤石矿通过进一步工作,有望达到中大型萤石矿床规模。1 区域地质  相似文献   

基于虚功原理的悬索桥隧道式锚碇边坡稳定性分析     

曾钱帮  王思敬 《工程地质学报》2007,15(1):22-32

本文基于虚功原理,结合工程地质勘察资料,在岩层层面和不利结构面组合切割下,由于锚碇工程荷载作用,研究坝陵河大桥西岸隧道式锚碇边坡的整体稳定性。本文的力学分析模型采用多个块体破坏机构的分析方法,假定块体的底面和侧面均达到了极限平衡状态,安全系数可通过功能平衡的虚功原理表达式来求解。功能平衡方程中仅有安全系数一个未知数,条块底部和界面上的法向压力和切向摩擦力并不出现,求解大为简化。  相似文献   

上游建库引水对健跳港冲淤影响的经验预测     

于传见  黄世昌  姚炎明  唐子文 《海洋学研究》2008,26(3):53-61

从分析健跳港水文和泥沙特性出发,探讨了健跳港水动力和河床演变的基本特征,结果表明,尽管健跳港内落潮最大流速大于涨潮最大流速,但该港泥沙净输沙方向还是朝向港内;流域径流对健跳港海床稳定起着重要作用,维护健跳港冲淤平衡的主要动力来自洪水期的径流.利用水沙关系和河相关系模型预测了健跳港上游引水后对该港海床淤积的影响.  相似文献   

浅议气象部门思想政治工作的方法艺术     

赵东儒 《成都信息工程学院学报》2000,15(1):9-18

分析了气象部门思想政治工作的若干方法和艺术,即以理服人与以情感人相结合,抓两头带中间与抓中间促两头相结合,运用心理学原理,突出针对性,创造良好的环境,采取多样化的教育形式,评比竞赛,回忆对比及参观访问  相似文献   

A high-precision heuristic model to detect home and work locations from smart card data     

Nilufer Sari Aslam  Tao Cheng  James Cheshire 《地球空间信息科学学报》2019,22(1):1-11

Smart card-automated fare collection systems now routinely record large volumes of data comprising the origins and destinations of travelers. Processing and analyzing these data open new opportunities in urban modeling and travel behavior research. This study seeks to develop an accurate framework for the study of urban mobility from smart card data by developing a heuristic primary location model to identify the home and work locations. The model uses journey counts as an indicator of usage regularity, visit-frequency to identify activity locations for regular commuters, and stay-time for the classification of work and home locations and activities. London is taken as a case study, and the model results were validated against survey data from the London Travel Demand Survey and volunteer survey. Results demonstrate that the proposed model is able to detect meaningful home and work places with high precision. This study offers a new and cost-effective approach to travel behavior and demand research.  相似文献   

Communities structure of the planktonic halophiles in the solar saltern of Sfax,Tunisia     

Jannet Elloumi  Jean-François CarriasHabib Ayadi  Télesphore Sime-NgandoAbderrahmen Bouaïn 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

The composition and distribution of the main planktonic halophilic micro-organisms (heterotrophic and autotrophic picoplankton, nanoplankton, phytoplankton, ciliates) and metazooplankton were investigated in six ponds of increasing salinity in the solar salt works of Sfax, Tunisia, from January to December 2003. Marked changes in the composition and biomass of the communities were found along the salinity gradient, especially at salinities of 150 and 350. Autotrophic picoplankton, nanoplankton, diatoms, dinoflagellates and ciliates characterized the less salted ponds. Planktonic biomass was the highest at intermediate salinity as a consequence of a bloom of Ochromonas. Species richness of phytoplankton, ciliates and zooplankton greatly decrease above a salinity of 150 and typical halophiles (Dunaliella salina, cyanobacteria, Fabrea salina and Artemia salina) were found between 150 and 350 salinity. In this environment, F. salina appeared more adapted than the brine shrimp to survive during phytoplankton blooms. The halophilic plankton was however almost entirely composed of heterotrophic prokaryotes in the crystallizers. We thus observed a progressive disappearance of the autotrophic planktonic communities along the salinity gradient. Multivariate analysis of the communities provides evidence that ponds represent discrete aquatic ecosystems within this salt works.  相似文献