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31.
Lake-margin ecosystems of saline lakes of the Borzya group （Zabaikalsky Krai,Russia） during the initial filling phase 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Evgenia R GORLACHEVA Gazhit Ts. TSYBEKMITOVA Alexey V. AFONIN Natalya A. TASHLIKOVA Ekaterina Yu. AFONINA Alexey P. KUKLIN Natalia V. SALTANOVA 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(4):871-878
This article presents the results ofhydrochemical and hydrobiological studies of shallow saline lakes of the Borzya group （Zabaikalsky K_rai, Russia） at the initial filling phase. The lake-margin ecosystems of the studied lakes are characterized by varying degrees of salinity from polyhaline to brine water. Cyclical variations of meteorological conditions and high salinity determined that the compositions of the aquatic organisms are specific, mostly between stenohaline and euryhaline species, the quantities are low, and the community structures are simple. 相似文献
32.
黄河三角洲淡水底栖动物名录 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
1996年对黄河三角洲9条代表性河流和3座代表性水库进行了2次底栖动物调查，共鉴定出底栖动物69种，隶属于38科62属。 相似文献
33.
Experiments to determine the upper limits of potential salinity tolerance of four species of Aral Sea benthic macroinvertebrates were carried out. Invertebrates of marine origin tolerate salinity increases up to 70–90 g L–1, and the gastropodCaspiohydrobia, up to 100–110 g L–1. It was concluded that the express-method based on the estimation of salinity resistance of isolated tissues cannot be used to estimate the limits of tolerance. The prediction is made that bivalve molluscs and polychaetes will remain in the Aral Sea until the salinity increases to 60–70 g L–1, but perhaps gastropods will tolerate salinity increases to 100–110 g L–1. 相似文献
34.
底栖动物是湖泊生态环境的重要组成部分,在泥水界面氮循环中扮演着重要的作用,是一个潜在的N_2O排放源,但其在富营养化湖泊中N_2O排放机制还不清楚.通过室内微宇宙实验,采用气相色谱和现代分子生物学相结合的技术,研究蓝藻存在时底栖动物摇蚊幼虫排放N_2O特征及其内在生物学机制.结果显示底栖动物羽摇蚊幼虫(Chironomus plumosus)肠道是N_2O排放的主要场所,约占活体释放通量的77%.蓝藻存在时羽摇蚊幼虫的N_2O排放通量减少60%左右,肠道内细菌多样性明显下降,肠道中β-变形菌相对丰度增加21%,δ-变形菌相对丰度减少62%,从而改变肠道内细菌群落结构;同时肠道内nir S基因多样性显著增加,出现较多的nir S型反硝化菌的表型,硝酸盐的还原作用得到增强.研究结果有助于揭示富营养化湖泊底栖动物摇蚊幼虫的环境效应,丰富湖泊氮素生物地球化学循环的新过程. 相似文献
35.
2018年8月对黑河上中游底栖动物群落结构及生物多样性进行了调查研究。结果表明：共采集到底栖动物43种，其中节肢动物34种，软体动物7种，环节动物为2种；优势种为大蚊（Tipulidae sp.）、豆娘幼虫（Damselfly sp.）、水蜘蛛（Argyroneta sp.）、耳萝卜螺（Radix auricularia）、琥珀螺（Suecinea sp.）、白旋螺（Gyraulus albus）。底栖动物的平均密度和生物量分别为76.94 ind·m-2和3.74 g·m-2；底栖动物的现存量有着明显的空间差异性，整体上干流（1 032 ind·m-2、60.0963 g·m-2）大于支流（276 ind·m-2、3.5233 g·m-2）。由Sorensen相似性指数分析得出在不同生境下底栖动物的群落组成存在差异，干流底栖动物（36种）明显比支流（15种）丰富。聚类分析显示，物种相对丰富的牛板筋、小孤山、龙渠、湿地公园、张掖黑河大桥、高崖、罗成、正义峡采样点聚为一类，其余各点聚为一类。根据Carlander生物量指数得出黑河上中游水质整体处于中营养状态，其中上游支流呈现贫营养水平，干流为中营养水平。 相似文献
36.
The benthic macroinvertebrates of the Nakdong River estuary were sampled at three different habitats: two salt marsh (Scirpus triqueter and Phragmites australis) beds and a bare intertidal flat. Fishes were sampled in the main channel. The trophic importance of marsh vascular plants, microphytobenthos, and riverine and channel particulate organic matter to macroinvertebrate and fish production was studied using stable carbon and nitrogen isotope tracers. There was a dramatic change in coverage of macrophytes (salt marshes and seagrass) after the construction of an estuarine barrage in 1987 in the Nakdong River estuary, with the S. triqueter bed increasing, the P. australis bed decreasing, and Zostera marina habitats being nearly lost. Although the invertebrate δ13C were within a narrower range than those of the primary producers, the values varied considerably among consumers in these habitats. However, the isotope signatures of consumers showed similarities among different habitats. Cluster analysis based on their isotopic similarity suggested that the isotope variability among species was related more to functional feeding groups than to habitats or taxonomic groups. While δ13C values of suspension feeders were close to that of the channel POM (mainly phytoplankton), other benthic feeders and predators had δ13C similar to that of microphytobenthos. Isotopic mixing model estimates suggest that algal sources, including microphytobenthos and phytoplankton, play an important role in supporting the benthic food web. Despite the huge productivity of emergent salt marshes, the contribution of the marsh-derived organic matter to the estuarine food webs appears to be limited to some nutrition for some invertebrates just within marsh habitats, with little on the bare intertidal flats or in the channel fish communities. Isotope signatures of the channel fishes also confirm that algal sources are important in supporting fish nutrition. Our findings suggest that benthic and pelagic microalgae made a large contribution to consumer diets, while marsh plants may not have a large role in supporting food webs in this estuarine system. 相似文献
37.
Distribution and functional response of sublittoral soft bottom assemblages to sedimentary constraints 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mollusc and annelid polychaete macrofaunal assemblages were studied in a sublittoral sandy bottom of 1.8 km2 extension, along the western Calabrian coast (low Tyrrhenian Sea). The strict coupling of the local sedimentary dynamics with the benthic assemblages was investigated on a small spatial scale (patchiness), at the mesoscale depth-related gradients and at the level of functional/trophic habits. Non-metrical correlations (ρ), index of dispersion (Di) and dispersion weighted abundances, averaged per depth level highlighted the response of some characteristic species to the patchiness of sediments as well as to the predominant environmental gradients. Species habits and trophic guilds, that were assessed in terms of biomass (wet weight) and secondary “pseudo-production” (abundance × biomass), clarified the differential functional response of the assemblages at different depth levels. Polychaetes reached 84.86% abundance and showed a highly clumped distribution of sessile species (Ditrupa arietina, Aponuphis brementi, Chone acustica, Spiophanes kroyeri); to a lower extent the motile species (Hyalinoecia tubicola, Marphisa bellii, Phylo foetida) were present. Molluscs reached 15.14% abundance and only some bivalve taxa showed significant aggregated distributions (Corbula gibba, Tellina donacina, Tellina distorta), whereas gastropod species were more evenly distributed. Total biomasses were almost equal between the two taxonomic groups (46.41 g WW on average). Biotic–environmental rank matching highlighted depth, very fine sands (60–200 μm), sorting grade, skewness index and pH as being the most influential factors in the distributions of some species, followed secondarily by coarse silts (40–60 μm) and coarser sands (200–2000 μm). Within the local context of water/sediment oligotrophy, the adaptive strategies of macrofauna to a highly seasonal supply of autochthonous phytoplanktonic seston associated with imported macro debris and terrigenous components were emphasized. Evidence of such a differential nutrient supply was the clear functional differentiation of the shallower levels from the deeper ones, and the presence of an intermediate zone which was selectively dominated, in terms of abundance and biomass, by microphagous filter/suspension feeders. Moreover, the shortage of burrowing deposit feeders as well as the prevalence of motile macrophagous omnivores beyond 20 m depth may be considered as ecologically correlated aspects. 相似文献
38.
G. A. Eldon 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(1):37-48
Two visits to the West Coast revealed that Neochanna apoda Giinther is present in six clearly defined types of habitat examined between Oparara and Whataroa. The location of habitats varied from heavily forested country to open pakihi bog, between sea level and 200 m. A Neochanna apoda habitat was generally uninhabited by any other species of fish; occasionally short‐finned eels (Anguilla australis) and, once, banded kokopu (Galaxias fasciatus) were present. An association with freshwater crayfish (Paranephrops planifrons) was often noted. Neochanna apoda was found in all stages of development from fry to adults over 150 mm in length, and all size ranges were present in some places. 相似文献
39.
Claude Lang 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1997,59(1):26-33
Oligochaete communities were used to assess the biological recovery of sediments after the abatement of eutrophication in
Lake Geneva (Switzerland). In 1995, mean relative abundance of oligotrophic worm species (OS) was around 30% in areas of low
organic sedimentation (LOS) whereas, in areas of high organic sedimentation (HOS), it was below 15%. The abundance of OS observed
in LOS areas was close to values predicted from total phosphorus (TP) concentrations in the water. Recovery from eutrophication
proceeded at the same pace in the water (TP) and in the sediment (OS) of LOS areas, whereas it was delayed in the sediment
of HOS areas. Lake Geneva was mesotrophic according to the oligochaete communities of LOS areas, but it was meso-eutrophic
according to those of HOS areas. 相似文献
40.
九龙江口红树林区底栖动物体内的多环芳烃 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
2001年8月和11月在九龙江口红树林区采集了6种底栖动物,测定了它们体内16种多环芳烃的含量.紫游螺(Neritina [Dostia] violacea)、黑口滨螺(Littoraria melanostoma)、可口革囊星虫(Phascolosoma esculenta)、弹涂鱼(Periophthalmus cantonensis)、查加拟蟹守螺(Cerithideadj adjariensis)、孔虾虎鱼(Trypauchen vagina)对沉积物中多环芳烃的富集系数均小于1.弹涂鱼和黑口滨螺体内多环芳烃的含量有随沉积物中多环芳烃含量的增加而增加的趋势,但它们的富集系数却有随沉积物中多环芳烃含量增加而减少的趋势.弹涂鱼、黑口滨螺、查加拟蟹守螺和可口革囊星虫体内多环芳烃主要由二环多环芳烃组成,紫游螺和孔虾虎鱼体内分别是四环和五环多环芳烃比例最高. 相似文献