Trace element partitioning during high-P partial melting and melt-rock interaction; an example from northern Fiordland, New Zealand   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

F. C. Schröter  J. A. Stevenson  N. R. Daczko  G. L. Clarke  N. J. Pearson  K. A. Klepeis 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2004,22(5):443-457

Pods of granulite facies dioritic gneiss in the Pembroke Valley, Milford Sound, New Zealand, preserve peritectic garnet surrounded by trondhjemitic leucosome and vein networks, that are evidence of high‐P partial melting. Garnet‐bearing trondhjemitic veins extend into host gabbroic gneiss, where they are spatially linked with the recrystallization of comparatively low‐P two‐pyroxene‐hornblende granulite to fine‐grained high‐P garnet granulite assemblages in garnet reaction zones. New data acquired using a Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (LA‐ICPMS) for minerals in various textural settings indicate differences in the partitioning of trace elements in the transition of the two rock types to garnet granulite, mostly due to the presence or absence of clinozoisite. Garnet in the garnet reaction zone (gabbroic gneiss) has a distinct trace element pattern, inherited from reactant gabbroic gneiss hornblende. Peritectic garnet in the dioritic gneiss and garnet in trondhjemitic veins from the Pembroke Granulite have trace element patterns inherited from the melt‐producing reaction in the dioritic gneiss. The distinct trace element patterns of garnet link the trondhjemitic veins geochemically to sites of partial melting in the dioritic gneiss.  相似文献   

Comparison of satellite measurements of the low-latitude nighttime upper ionosphere with IRI     

Heejun Kim  Kyoungwook Min  Jaeheung Park  Jaejin Lee  Ensang Lee  Hyosub Kil  Vitaly P. Kim  Sunmie Park 《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2006,68(18):2107-2118

In this paper, we report the results of our comparison study between satellite measurements and the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model on the seasonal and longitudinal changes of the low-latitude nighttime topside ionosphere during the period of solar maximum from June 2000 to July 2001. Satellite measurements were made by KOMPSAT-1 and DMSP F15 at 685 km altitude and 840 km altitude, respectively. The results show that the IRI2001 model gives reasonable density estimations for the summer hemisphere and the March equinox at both altitudes. However, the observed wintertime densities are smaller than the predictions of the IRI2001 model, especially at a higher (840 km) altitude, manifesting strong hemispheric asymmetries. The observed electron temperatures generally reside between the two estimations of IRI2001, one based on the Aeros–ISIS data and the other based on Intercosmos, and the latter estimation better represents the observations. With more or less monotonic increase with latitude, the temperature profiles of the IRI2001 model do not predict the enhancement seen around 15° magnetic latitude of the winter hemisphere. Longitudinal variation, probably caused by the zonal winds, is seen in all seasons at both altitudes, while the IRI2001 model does not show a large variation. The observed density and temperature show significant changes according to the F10.7 values in the whole low-latitude region from 40°S to 40°N geomagnetic latitude. The effect is manifested as increases in the density and temperature, but not in the hemispheric asymmetry or in the longitudinal variation.  相似文献   

Plasma drift estimates from the Dynasonde: comparison with EISCAT measurements     

K. J. F. Sedgemore  J. W. Wright  P. J. S. Williams  G. O. L. Jones  M. T. Rietveld 《Annales Geophysicae》1998,16(10):1138-1143

Modern ionosondes make almost simultaneous measurements of the time rate of change of phase path in different directions and at different heights. By combining these Doppler measurements and angles of arrival of many such radar echoes it is possible to derive reliable estimates of plasma drift velocity for a defined scattering volume. Results from both multifrequency and kinesonde-mode soundings at 3-min resolution show that the Dynasonde-derived F-region drift velocity is in good agreement with EISCAT, despite data loss during intervals of blanketing by intense E-region ionisation. It is clear that the Tromsø Dynasonde, employing standard operating modes, gives a reliable indication of overall convection patterns during quiet to moderately active conditions.  相似文献   

MHD model of magnetosheath flow: comparison with AMPTE/IRM observations on 24 October, 1985     

C. J. Farrugia  H. K. Biernat  N. V. Erkaev  L. M. Kistler  G. Le  C. T. Russell 《Annales Geophysicae》1998,16(5):518-527

We compare numerical results obtained from a steady-state MHD model of solar wind flow past the terrestrial magnetosphere with documented observations made by the AMPTE/IRM spacecraft on 24 October, 1985, during an inbound crossing of the magnetosheath. Observations indicate that steady conditions prevailed during this about 4 hour-long crossing. The magnetic shear at spacecraft entry into the magnetosphere was 15°. A steady density decrease and a concomitant magnetic field pile-up were observed during the 40 min interval just preceding the magnetopause crossing. In this plasma depletion layer (1) the plasma beta dropped to values below unity; (2) the flow speed tangential to the magnetopause was enhanced; and (3) the local magnetic field and velocity vectors became increasingly more orthogonal to each other as the magnetopause was approached (Phan et al., 1994). We model parameter variations along a spacecraft orbit approximating that of AMPTE/IRM, which was at slightly southern GSE latitudes and about 1.5 h postnoon Local Time. We model the magnetopause as a tangential discontinuity, as suggested by the observations, and take as input solar wind parameters those measured by AMPTE/IRM just prior to its bow shock crossing. We find that computed field and plasma profiles across the magnetosheath and plasma depletion layer match all observations closely. Theoretical predictions on stagnation line flow near this low-shear magnetopause are confirmed by the experimental findings. Our theory does not give, and the data on this pass do not show, any localized density enhancements in the inner magnetosheath region just outside the plasma depletion layer.  相似文献   

ULF waves: 1997 IAGA division 3 reporter review     

K. Takahashi 《Annales Geophysicae》1998,16(7):787-803

Highlights of studies of ULF waves from 1995 to early 1997 are presented. The subjects covered include (1) Pc 3–5 waves excited by sources in the solar wind, with emphasis on the role of the magnetospheric cavity in modifying the external source and establishing its own resonances, and the role of the plasmapause in magnetohydrodynamic wave propagation; (2) Pi 2 waves, with emphasis on the plasmaspheric resonances and possible alternative excitation by plasmasheet source waves; (3) the spatial structure of internally excited long-period waves, including a kinetic theory for radially confined ring current instability and groundbased multipoint observation of giant pulsations; (4) amplitude-modulated Pc 1–2 waves in the outer magnetosphere (Pc 1–2 bursts) and in the inner magnetosphere (structured Pc 1 waves or pearls); and (5) the source region of the quasi-periodic emissions. Theory and observations are compared, and controversial issues are highlighted. In addition, some future directions are suggested.  相似文献   

12种射电爆发及其辐射机制     

纪树臣 《天文研究与技术》1998,(3)

系统地研究了太阳活动区上空闭合磁场域和开放磁场域俘获的高能电子的运动特性,所产生的自然波属性及观测特性。探讨了１２种射电爆发的辐射机制。  相似文献   

等离子直读光谱分析测定地质样品中10个造岩元素     

梁兰  徐有为 《黄金地质》1996,2(3):71-75

在聚四氟乙烯密封溶样罐中，岩石样品经盐酸，硝酸，氢氟酸，高氯酸加热溶解，保存了易挥发组分ＳｉＦ４用热沸盐酸溶解Ａｌ，Ｃａ，Ｍｇ的氟化物再生沉淀，用饱和硼酸溶液充分配合氟离子，制成的样品溶液在等离子直读光谱仪上，可快速同时测定了Ｓｉ，Ｆｅ，Ａｌ，Ｃａ，Ｍｇ，Ｋ，Ｎａ，Ｍｎ，Ｔｉ，Ｐ等１０个造岩元素，方法准确可靠，已在日常检测工作中应用。  相似文献   

亚暴膨胀相近磁尾位形不稳定性模型Ⅱ.中磁尾等离子体流与近磁尾亚暴活动的关系   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

洪明华  濮祖荫 《地球物理学报》1997,40(2):154-163

在单流体MHD近似下，研究了有背景等离子体流存在时的近磁尾位形不稳定性．分析表明，等离子体地向流使两支漂移气球模DBM1和DBM2的不稳定增长更快．与卫星观测资料对比显示，诸多的观测观象与本模型的预言一致．这个结果对中磁尾磁场重联及高速等离子体流与亚暴膨胀相在近地触发之间的关系给出了新的解释．  相似文献   

等离子质谱(ICP-MS)对高含量元素硫样品中的微量元素分析前处理方法初探     

刘长华  殷学博  王晓媛  袁春伟  余少雄 《海洋科学》2006,30(9):1-5

用等离子质谱(ICP-MS)分析一些特殊样品的时候,前处理方法成为分析样品成功与否的关键,对于高基质含量的样品测量其微量元素含量更是如此。元素硫超过99%的自然硫样品中微量元素的测定一般使用燃烧的方法去除自然硫,但是一些易挥发性的元素也因此失去而测不出来。作者试图采用硫升华的方法去除硫基质,通过在原样品中加入内标,分析测定后计算内标的回收率确定出元素Be,Sn,Sc,U和稀土元素(REE)的回收率都在90%以上,可以用升华硫方法很好地测定,而元素Tl,Hf,W,Nb,Zr,Ta等的回收率则在75%以下,不适合用该种方法测定。  相似文献   

The stratorotational instability of Taylor-Couette flows with moderate Reynolds numbers     

G. Rüdiger  T. Seelig  M. Schultz  M. Gellert  Ch. Egbers 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2017,111(6):429-447

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