The impact of meridional circulation on stellar butterfly diagrams and polar caps     

V. Holzwarth  D. H. Mackay  M. Jardine 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2006,369(4):1703-1718

Observations of rapidly rotating solar-like stars show a significant mixture of opposite-polarity magnetic fields within their polar regions. To explain these observations, models describing the surface transport of magnetic flux demand the presence of fast meridional flows. Here, we link subsurface and surface magnetic flux transport simulations to investigate (i) the impact of meridional circulations with peak velocities of  ≤125 m s⁻¹  on the latitudinal eruption pattern of magnetic flux tubes and (ii) the influence of the resulting butterfly diagrams on polar magnetic field properties. Prior to their eruption, magnetic flux tubes with low field strengths and initial cross-sections below  ∼300 km  experience an enhanced poleward deflection through meridional flows (assumed to be polewards at the top of the convection zone and equatorwards at the bottom). In particular, flux tubes which originate between low and intermediate latitudes within the convective overshoot region are strongly affected. This latitude-dependent poleward deflection of erupting magnetic flux renders the wings of stellar butterfly diagrams distinctively convex. The subsequent evolution of the surface magnetic field shows that the increased number of newly emerging bipoles at higher latitudes promotes the intermingling of opposite polarities of polar magnetic fields. The associated magnetic flux densities are about 20 per cent higher than in the case disregarding the pre-eruptive deflection, which eases the necessity for fast meridional flows predicted by previous investigations. In order to reproduce the observed polar field properties, the rate of the meridional circulation has to be of the order of 100 m s⁻¹, and the latitudinal range from which magnetic flux tubes originate at the base of the convective zone (≲50°) must be larger than in the solar case (≲35°).  相似文献   

Low T/|W| dynamical instability in differentially rotating stars: diagnosis with canonical angular momentum     

Motoyuki Saijo †  Shin'ichirou Yoshida ‡ 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2006,368(3):1429-1442

We study the nature of non-axisymmetric dynamical instabilities in differentially rotating stars with both linear eigenmode analysis and hydrodynamic simulations in Newtonian gravity. We especially investigate the following three types of instability; the one-armed spiral instability, the low   T /| W |  bar instability, and the high   T /| W |  bar instability, where T is the rotational kinetic energy and W is the gravitational potential energy. The nature of the dynamical instabilities is clarified by using a canonical angular momentum as a diagnostic. We find that the one-armed spiral and the low   T /| W |  bar instabilities occur around the corotation radius, and they grow through the inflow of canonical angular momentum around the corotation radius. The result is a clear contrast to that of a classical dynamical bar instability in high   T /| W |  . We also discuss the feature of gravitational waves generated from these three types of instability.  相似文献   

旋涡星系中旋臂的维持     

陈林飞 《天文研究与技术》1997,(Z1)

为了避开旧物质臂理论中旋臂的缠绕困难，本文提出了旋涡星系的循环假设，并在文中提供了旋涡星系的双臂、气体层反卷、银河系中旋臂物质径向向内的速度分量和棒旋星系中棒物质沿着棒向内的流动等观测证据，进而还尝试利用此循环假设去解释旋臂物质的平自转曲线和棒旋星系的棒结构等的成因。  相似文献   

Cometary Rotation: an Overview     

Jewitt  David 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》1997,79(1-3):35-53

I discuss our current understanding of the spin states of cometary nuclei. Cometary spin influences the temporal and spatial patterns of outgassing from the nucleus (through diurnal and seasonal effects) and is in turn influenced by outgassing-driven torques. The current challenge to cometary astronomers is to quantify the interactions between the spin, the outgassing, and the resultant torques on the nucleus, and to understand the role of rotation in determining the basic physical properties of the nucleus. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

十二颗晚型双星的自转测量     

潘开科  谭徽松 《天文研究与技术》1997,(2)

用相同的仪器条件在美国基特峰国立天文台观测了１２颗晚型双星，并用卷积法测得了这１２个双星系统的１５个子星的自转速度，其中５个子星是首次进行自转测量。利用我们自己测得的自转速度值，我们也讨论了这些双星系统中的自转同步性。结果显示：所有轨道周期小于９天的双星系统子星都是周步自转的  相似文献   

Photospheric magnetic field and surface differential rotation of the FK Com star HD 199178     

P. Petit  J.-F. Donati  J. M. Oliveira  M. Aurière  S. Bagnulo  J. D. Landstreet  F. Lignières  T. Lüftinger  S. Marsden  D. Mouillet  F. Paletou  S. Strasser  N. Toqué  G. A. Wade 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2004,351(3):826-844

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A Study on the Recovery and Classification of Meteorites from the Mt. Grove Region of Antarctica     

Jian-ZhongLiu  Yong-Liao Zou  Chun-Lai Li  Lin Xu  Zi-Yuan OuyangNational Astronomical Observatories  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing  jzliu@bao. ac. cnInstitute of Geochemistry  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Guiyang 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2004,4(2)

The Antarctic Continent has become the largest natural preservatory of meteorites in the world because of its unique geographical position and climatic conditions. Mt. Grove is located in the inland area of the Antarctic Continent where the conditions are favorable for the preservation of meteorites. During China's 15th, 16th and 19th Antarctic Scientific Explorations a large number of meteorites were recovered in the Mt. Grove region. Especially during the 19th Exploration in 2002/03 a total of 4448 meteorites were recovered, which at one stroke put China among countries that have recovered most numbers of meteorites. Here, we report mainly the results of microscope and electron microprobe studies of 28 meteorites recovered during the 16th Exploration. The meteorites are chemically classified based on their mean Fa contents of olivine, mean Fs contents of low-Ca pyroxene and abundances of Fe-Ni metal. We also give a brief account of the meteorite recovery during the three Explorations and of some preli  相似文献   

On the tidal interaction of massive extrasolar planets on highly eccentric orbits     

P. B. Ivanov  J. C. B. Papaloizou 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2004,347(2):437-453

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基于Google Earth的虚拟城市构建方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张坤  邹峥嵘  余加勇 《测绘工程》2007,16(5):36-38,47

对以Google Earth为开发平台,利用其影像、地形数据和地标功能等,整合建筑物及相关信息构建虚拟城市的方法进行了研究。运行在Google Earth平台上的虚拟城市,支持影像数据更新和成果网络共享,能够发布各种与城市相关的信息。该方法实现了三维建筑物与地形的无缝融合,具有较高的研究价值和广阔的应用前景。  相似文献   

基于时序影像的农业活动因子提取与闽西耕地SOC数字制图     

聂祥琴  陈瀚阅  牛铮  张黎明  刘炜  邢世和  范协裕  李家国 《地球信息科学学报》2022,24(9):1835-1852

人类活动对表层耕地土壤有机碳（Soil Organic Carbon, SOC）影响强烈,但目前大范围复杂地貌地形区的耕地SOC数字制图对人为因素的空间刻画不足。本文以福建省西部耕地为研究对象,基于Sentinel-2/MSI时间序列数据提取轮作模式分类信息（Crop Rotation, CR）,以及可反映轮作模式信息的植被特征变换变量（Harmonic Analysis of Time Series, HANTS）,分别作为农业活动定性和定量因子,将常规气候和地形因子作为自然环境因子,并对不同类型环境变量进行组合（气候+地形、气候+地形+轮作模式、气候+地形+HANTS变量、气候+地形+轮作模式+HANTS变量）。基于随机森林模型（Random Forest, RF）对不同环境变量组合驱动的耕地表层SOC空间预测精度进行对比分析,探索以轮作模式为例的农业活动因子提高耕地表层SOC数字制图精度的可能性。结果表明,同时加入两种农业活动因子的RF模型表现最佳,其模型预测精度相较于纯自然环境变量驱动的模型有明显提高（R²提高了89.47%,RMSE和MAE分别下降了10.66%和12.05%）。轮作模式类型（CR）和HANTS变量两种农业活动因子均被保留参与建模,尤其是轮作模式类型显著影响耕地SOC,在最佳模型的环境变量重要性中排序第四。由此可见,轮作模式相关农业活动因子可有效提高耕地SOC空间预测精度。在所有RF模型中,年降水量（Annual Rainfall, Rainfall）的重要性排名都是第一位。通过最佳模型反演得出该区耕地土壤有机碳均值为18.22±2.99 g/kg,范围为8.25~30.69 g/kg,双季稻和烟稻种植区域SOC含量高于稻菜种植区域。研究结果为复杂地貌地形区耕地土壤有机碳协同变量的更新提供了新的思路。  相似文献