Investigation on the tectonic significance of Izmir,Uzunada Fault Zones and other tectonic elements in the Gulf of Izmir,western Turkey,using high resolution seismic data     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

Active faults at a range in scales are observed in different directions (E-W, N-S and NE-SW) in the extensional tectonic regime of the Aegean region, western Turkey. However, mechanisms and types of faults in the Gulf of Izmir have not been investigated properly. Tectonic setting in the gulf together with the origin and characteristics of faults were studied in this study by integrating interpretation from various very high resolution acoustic data (multibeam bathymetry and CHIRP very high resolution seismic) acquired in the Gulf of Izmir.The Gulf of Izmir has thick, unconsolidated, stratified sediment cover. The water depth increases from the inner part (SE) to the outer part (NW) of the gulf with complex sea floor morphology. However, northeastern part of the coastal region is very shallow because of the sedimentary influx transported by the Gediz River. The western margin and the southern part of the gulf were formed under the influence of Uzunada (Uzun Island) and Izmir Faults, respectively. In the southern offshore, there is only one, E-W directional normal fault dipping through the north and corresponding to the offshore segment of the Izmir Fault Zone to the west. The acoustic data enable identification of the Uzunada Fault Zone extending as a simple lineament from near Guzelbahce in the south but bifurcating toward the NE of the Cicek Archipelago and terminating with left-lateral slip in the E-NE of the Hekim Island. After the sinistral strike-slip, the fault re-extends in the NW direction untill the mid of Uzunada as a single fault segment. Then, the fault is observed as a bunch of many active fault segments (like horse-tail splays) to the east of Uzunada with N-NW elongation through the outer gulf. These segments were chronologically succeeded from the east to the west. This progradational pattern is attributed to westward extension of the Gulf of Izmir with anti-clockwise rotational escape of the Anatolian Plate. In addition, progradation of faults was controlled by the NE-SW directional tear faults which may have played a key role in the shoreline extension and general pattern of the outer gulf islands. A very young graben in the central part of the gulf, also dislocated by the tear faults was observed parallel to the Uzunada Fault Zone as another indicator of ongoing fan-shaped opening of the gulf. These tectonic elements are consistent with earlier interpretation of GPS-based observations indicating a four-wheel gear system of rigid-body rotations. Additionally, a new fault extending from the far offshore of Foca to Suzbeyli village to the south was identified in this study. Its NW-SE extension is angular to the previous tectonic elements. All these elements apparently project at least 10 km farther northward, in the offshore Foca where the earthquake epicenters cluster.  相似文献   

A Research Approach for Ecological,Environmental and Geological Differentiation of Rocky Desertification and Its Driving Mechanism in Karst Graben Basin     

Li Qiang  Pu Junbing  Huang Ni  Du Hongmei  Qi Xiangkun  Wang Li  Yang Hui 《地球科学进展》2017,32(9):899-907

According to the national key research and development program of China “Evolution, integrating treatment and technological demonstration of rocky desertification in karst graben basin”, the task of “ecological, environmental and geological differentiation of rocky desertification and its driving mechanism in karst graben basin” was to reveal the migration of carbon, nitrogen, calcium and water, as well as evolution process and driving mechanism of ecosystem succession and rocky desertification. In this respect, the factors of lithology, topography, ecology, hydrology, vegetation, socio-economy, meteorology, soil, etc. were studied in the demonstration areas of Mengzi and Luxi rocky desertification control. Moreover, the interaction between vegetation and hydrological processes in the typical watershed was established, and the critical period and water requirement of the ecological water demand in the watershed were established. The ecological and hydrological process of the vegetation, as well as nitrogen, calcium and water cycling, and the carbon sequestration ability of ecosystems were used to predict the evolution of ecosystem succession and rocky desertification. The results provided the theoretical basis for the rational allocation of ecological water resources and ecological restoration in rocky desertification area.  相似文献   

Late Cretaceous – Early Tertiary sedimentation and tectonic inversion in the southern Netherlands     

Gras  Rutger  Geluk  Mark 《Geologie en Mijnbouw》1999,78(1):1-19

Analysis of the Upper Cretaceous stratigraphy of the Peel Block reveals the basin development of the block to have been influenced by both the inversion of the Roer Valley Graben and Central Netherlands Basin, and the overall Late Cretaceous transgression. Sediments of Santonian to Danian age were deposited on the block. These sediments are compared with the detailed lithostratigraphy of southern Limburg, where Late Cretaceous strata are exposed. Four successions can be recognised in southern Limburg. The two oldest successions, the Santonian Oploo Formation (new name, proposed in the present contribution) and the mainly Early Campanian Vaals Formation, are restricted to the central and northern parts of the block. These siliciclastic formations were deposited under the influence of inversion of the Roer Valley Graben and the Central Netherlands Basin, as well as under the influence of a rising sea level. Towards the north, sands of the Oploo Formation grade into marls and chalks of the Ommelanden Formation. The two youngest successions comprise the largely Late Campanian to Maastrichtian Gulpen and Maastricht Formations and the Danian Houthem Formation. These chalk formations were deposited under the influence of regional subsidence during a sea-level highstand. Subsequent to deposition of the Houthem Formation, a regional regression triggered a change from shallow-marine carbonate to paralic siliciclastic deposition.  相似文献   

Seismic stratigraphy of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic in northern Belgium: main results of a high-resolution reflection seismic survey along rivers and canals     

De Batist  M.  Versteeg  W.H. 《Geologie en Mijnbouw》1998,77(1):17-37

This paper presents the results of high-resolution reflection seismic surveys carried out between 1989 and 1996 along rivers and canals in northern Belgium. The seismic data penetrate down to 900 m in the sedimentary cover or to the Paleozoic basement. The reflection response of the acoustic basement provides clear indications with regard to the top of the Paleozoic: crystalline basement and Lower Paleozoic metasediments and volcanics of the London-Brabant Massif and NE-dipping Devonian and Carboniferous strata. The subhorizontal Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary cover comprises 20 unconformity-bound seismic units: 5 in the Cretaceous and 15 in the Cenozoic. Based on borehole information, these units are correlated with lithostratigraphically defined formations or groups. Some of the unit-bounding unconformities are of regional importance. They are attributed i) to eustatic sea-level changes causing regional flooding during the Late Cretaceous or incision of deep valleys during the Late Oligocene and Late Miocene, ii) to regional tectonic tilting between Late Eocene and Early Oligocene, or iii) to a combination of eustasy and tectonics causing valley incisions during the Lutetian. Faults of the Roer Valley Graben have offset different stratigraphic levels by sometimes considerable amounts (up to 230 m in the Oligocene to Quaternary succession). Although the main tectonic phase took place during the Miocene, the activity has varied considerably through time, and also from fault to fault. Most faults seem to have a 10 to 30-m displacement since the Late Pliocene.  相似文献   

Geological and geophysical evidence for large palaeo-earthquakes with surface faulting in the Roer Graben (northwest Europe)   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Thierry Camelbeeck  & Mustapha Meghraoui 《Geophysical Journal International》1998,132(2):347-362

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Models of crustal anatexis in volcanic rifts: applications to southern Finland and the Oslo Graben, southeast Norway   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tom Pedersen  Michel Heeremans  & Peter van der Beek 《Geophysical Journal International》1998,132(2):239-255

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Radiating graben-fissure systems in the Ulfrun Regio area, Venus     

D. Studd  C. Samson 《Icarus》2011,215(1):279-291

Radiating graben-fissure systems are common on Venus. Most are thought to be underlain by mafic dykes, fed by centrally-located magmatic centres. From previous work it has been shown that these magmatic plumbing systems can extend out up to 2000 km or more and that interaction between neighbouring systems can provide insight into the relative chronology of their magmatic centres. Systematic mapping of graben-fissure systems has potential as a tool for regional magmatic chronology and correlation on Venus.This methodology is applied to the Ulfrun Regio area (200-240°E, 0-25°N) where we mapped 47,000 graben and fissures. From these, 66 radiating systems comprised of 13,000 individual graben and fissures, and having radii of up to 2000 km have been identified, and are interpreted to be underlain by dyke swarms focussed on magmatic centres. Cross-cutting relationships among these systems and with the Hecate Chasma rift zone have been examined to provide a relative chronology for the magmatic centres. Two trends emerged: (a) an apparent younging from the southwest to northeast of the study area and (b) a cluster of older ages in the southwest, linked to the Atla Regio mantle plume.  相似文献   

Fluvial aggradation phases in the Upper Rhine Graben—new insights by quartz OSL dating     

Tobias Lauer  Manfred Frechen  Sumiko Tsukamoto 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2010,121(2):154-161

The Upper Rhine Graben (URG) is characterized by a thickness of up to 500 m of unconsolidated Quaternary sediments, providing excellent records of the Rhine river system and its responses to tectonic and climatic changes. The most complete Quaternary sequence of fluvial and limnic-fluvial deposits is found in the Heidelberg Basin, due to its long-term subsidence since the mid-Eocene. The aim of this study is to provide a chronological framework using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of aeolian and fluvial sands derived from the upper 33 m of a sediment core, which was drilled into the Heidelberg Basin infill close to the village of Viernheim, Germany. The OSL ages demonstrate that the dated fluvial sediments were deposited during the last glacial period (Weichselian) and that there were at least three aggradation periods during this episode. The coversands that cap the sequence were emplaced during the early Holocene.  相似文献   

Member 1 of Yongji Formation （Eyl） sedimentary characteristics and its origin analysis in Yitong Graben     

References： 《东北亚地学研究》2007,10(1):17-21

Eyl has the unique desultory-weak or gap seismic reflection structure as its one of the most important characteristics. It is very important to clarify sedimentary characteristics and its origin for Yitong Graben and its sedimentary facies and tectonic evolution. On the basis of the research of core analyses, well logging data analyses, sedimentary facies analyses and seismic reflection structure analyses, the authors have concluded the sedimentary characteristics of Eyl, and have carried out Eyl sedimentary environments and its origin. The result shows that Eyl desultory-weak or gap seismic reflection may be a series of small scale secondary sediment fans superimposition.  相似文献   

Member 1 of Yongji Formation(Ey1) sedimentary characteristics and its origin analysis in Yitong Graben     

Changwei CHEN  Linfu XUE  Hongbing DAI  Jian WANG Xingke XU  Qinglong MENG College of Earth Sciences  Jilin University  Changchun  China 《东北亚地学研究》2007,(1)

Ey1 has the unique desultory-weak or gap seismic reflection structure as its one of the most important characteristics.It is very important to clarify sedimentary characteristics and its origin for Yitong Graben and its sedimentary facies and tectonic evolution.On the basis of the research of core analyses,well logging data analyses,sedimentary facies analyses and seismic reflection structure analyses,the authors have concluded the sedimentary characteristics of Ey1,and have carried out Ey1 sedimentary environments and its origin.The result shows that Ey1 desultory-weak or gap seismic reflection may be a series of small scale secondary sediment fans superimposition.  相似文献