藻类分子生物技术两年评──基因工程及其上游──分子遗传学   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8  

秦松  严小军  曾呈奎 《海洋与湖沼》1996,27(1):103-111

根据１９９２年１月－１９９４年６月国内外发表资料，评述藻类分子遗传学和基因工程领域的最新进展。认为：两年来藻类分子遗传学发展迅速，经济藻类基因工程研究已经有所突破。藻类学研究正在进入分子时代，分子生物技术成为推动藻类学研究和藻类资源开发的新动力。  相似文献   

Molecular iodine reduction by natural and model organic substances in seawater     

Victor W. Truesdale  George W. Luther III 《Aquatic Geochemistry》1995,1(1):89-104

The reactivity of 2 µM molecular iodine in seawater toward various organic compounds containing aromatic, -keto, amino, olefinic and sugar functional groups was investigated. More detailed studies have been made of the reduction kinetics with salicylic acid, -ketoglutaric acid and the polypeptide oxidized glutathione, particularly to establish whether variation over the pH range 4–9 would provide a similar reduction reactivity or fingerprint to that of molecular iodine added to natural seawater. The data indicates that compounds with only one functional group react with first order kinetics whereas compounds with multiple functional groups show more complex behaviour. Kinetic and thermodynamic modelling indicates that HOI is the main iodine species reacting with organic matter at seawater pH of 8.2. Based on the pH fingerprints, peptides and compounds containing carbonyl or -keto groups are the key reductants of molecular iodine added to seawater. These compounds form C-I and N-I bonds which can allow for a rich organic iodine chemistry in seawater. The model compound results are discussed in relation to oceanic processes.  相似文献   

The solution of the vector radiative transfer equation using the discrete ordinates technique: Selected applications   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

V.V. Rozanov  A.A. Kokhanovsky   《Atmospheric Research》2006,79(3-4):241-265

The paper is devoted to the presentation of a newly developed radiative transfer code SCIAPOL_1.0 for a plane-parallel turbid slab illuminated by the monodirectional wide beam. The SCIAPOL_1.0 is based on the discrete-ordinates solution of the vector radiative transfer equation.The code is applied to a number of problems, including studies of the applicability of the scalar approximation for the calculation of light reflectance from aerosols, clouds, and molecular atmospheres. We also study the accuracy of the single scattering approximation as applied to the calculation of light reflection from molecular and cloudy atmospheres and propose new approximations for the calculation of the reflection function and the degree of light polarization under unpolarized light illumination conditions.  相似文献   

Molecular systems in a strong magnetic field     

Alexander V. Turbiner 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2007,308(1-4):267-277

Brief overview of one-two electron molecular systems made out of protons and/or α-particles in a strong magnetic field B≤4.414×10¹³ G is presented. A particular emphasis is given to the one-electron exotic ions H₃⁺⁺(pppe), He₂³⁺(α α e) and to two-electron ionsH₃⁺(pppee), He₂⁺⁺(α α ee). Quantitative studies in a strong magnetic field are very complicated technically. Novel approach to the few-electron Coulomb systems in magnetic field, which provides accurate results, based on variational calculus with physically relevant trial functions is briefly described.   相似文献   

Jets and molecular outflows from Herbig-Haro objects     

Hsien Shang 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2007,311(1-3):25-34

We review status of theoretical development for jets and molecular outflows from young stellar objects. A particular framework for explaining these phenomena is one based on the X-wind theory in an environment of magnetized collapsing molecular cloud cores. The magnetized gravitational collapse follows the standard picture of isolated low-mass star formation, from quasi-static evolution of the parent molecular cloud cores. The outflow phenomena operate throughout the early evolution of young stars as a result of star-disk interaction. We discuss emission mechanisms of jets and formation of molecular outflows in this general framework. The general theoretical framework provides room for self-consistent interpretations for recent observations. Jets and outflows are integral part of earliest evolution of young stellar objects.  相似文献   

Detection of H2 emission towards the wolf-rayet nebula NGC 2359     

N. St-Louis  R. Doyon  F. Chagnon  D. Nadeau 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1995,224(1-2):271-274

We report the first detection of molecular hydrogen emission in the vicinity of a Wolf-Rayet star and nebula. The spatial distribution of the excited molecular gas is filamentary and is not correlated with the distribution of the ionised gas as traced by optical emission lines. The typical H₂ surface brightness in the filaments is 5× 10^–5 ergs s^–1 cm^–2 str^–1. We demonstrate that the excitation mechanism can be shocks or fluorescence from the strong ultraviolet flux of the WR star.  相似文献   

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987112001284     

Waclar Azeem Jadoon  Ryosuke Nakai  Takeshi Naganuma 《地学前缘(英文版)》2013,4(6):633-646

This study deals with the biogeography of Antarctic microflora （Antarctica acts as best model to study microbial biogeography） such as cyanobacteria and selected halophiles with special emphasis on Halomonas variabilis and Bacillus licheniformis.Halophiles are known to be resistant not only to salt stress,but also to extreme temperature,pressure,and aridity and they are capable of surviving in harsh environments such as polar regions,deep-sea habitats,and deserts.Many microbes are known to be resistant to hostile environmental conditions,and are capable of surviving in harsh environments.Our group has isolated 444 strains belonging to 28 genera of halophiles from various environments around the world.The 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that many of the isolated strains from geographically distant habitats having different environmental conditions,were closely related to each other,with some strains possessing 100％ identical sequences.Organisms possessing survival mechanism such as spore formation are usually ubiquitous.The genus Halomonas is represented by potentially endemic strains and the ubiquitous H.variabilis,while spore-forming B.licheniformis showed cosmopolitan distribution.One potentially endemic （moderate endemicity that is regional and/or continental distribution） strain was reported from Syowa station,East Antarctica,and Mario Zucchelli station,West Antarctica,which are geographically separated by 3000 km.Moreover,15 strains having 100％ similarity with B.licheniformis were considered cosmopolitans.The results of this work provide support for the middle-ground model that some microbes have moderate endemicity and others have cosmopolitan distribution.These results will contribute to a greater understanding of microbial biogeography with special emphasis on Antarctica.  相似文献   

Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in Turkish River and Drinking Water Samples by Different PCR and LAMP Methods     

Zeynep Koloren  Elif Demirel 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2013,41(10):963-968

In this study, we investigated the occurence of Toxoplasma gondii and checked the sequencing in 56 samples collected from in the Ordu province, Middle Black Sea, Turkey. The samples were collected from drinking and river water and DNA was extracted from all samples. After DNA isolation, the 18S rRNA target gene and B1 gene of T. gondii were amplified by conventional PCR, nested PCR, and loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay, respectively. Twenty out of 56 samples (35.7%) were Toxoplasma positive by LAMP. The conventional PCR and nested PCR confirmed that 12 and 16 out of 56 samples (21.42 and 28.57%) were positive for Toxoplasma, respectively. All drinking water samples were negative by all three methods. Thirteen Toxoplasma nested PCR products were successfully sequenced. This study achieved detection and sequencing of Toxoplasma from water supplies in the Middle Black sea area in Turkey.  相似文献   

多模态影像技术在临床中的应用进展     

佟正灏  王荣福 《CT理论与应用研究》2014,(4):707-714

自人类进入20世纪后,知识结构呈现信息爆炸征象,各项技术迅速发展。PET、PET/CT、PET/MRI、SPECT、SPECT/CT等仪器、技术得以广泛应用,并在疾病诊治等方面取得重大进展。因疾病发生机制较为复杂,各种模态信息量相对单一及片面,存在其自身局限性,使得即使拥有如此多模态的影像技术,仍无法完全实现对复杂疾病的精确评估。故此不同模态图像的信息融合使得信息互补及交叉验证成为可能。该文主要介绍多模态影像技术的发展及应用进展。  相似文献   

Monitoring of organic micropollutants in Ghana by combination of pellet watch with sediment analysis: E-waste as a source of PCBs     

《Marine pollution bulletin》2014,87(1-2):575-581

Plastic resin pellets collected at 11 beaches covering the whole Ghanaian coastline were analyzed for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). PCB concentrations (∑13 congeners) were higher in Accra, capital city, and Tema (39–69 ng/g-pellets) than those in rural coastal towns (1–15 ng/g-pellets) which are close to global background, indicating local inputs of PCBs. River sediments were also analyzed for PCBs together with molecular markers. Sedimentary PCBs concentrations were highest at a site (AR02) downstream of an electronic waste (e-waste) scrapyard. At the site (AR02), concentration of linear alkylbenzenes (LABs), a marker of municipal wastewater, was lower than another site (AR03) which is located at the downstream of downtown Accra. This result suggests that PCBs are introduced more to the river from the e-waste site than from activities in downtown Accra. PAHs concentrations were relatively higher in urban areas with strong petrogenic signature. Abundance of triphenylbenzenes suggested plastic combustion near e-waste scrapyard.  相似文献