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71.
72.
This paper provides a review of ground-based SAR (GBSAR) interferometry for deformation measurement. In the first part of the paper the fundamentals of this technique are provided. Then the main data processing and analysis stages needed to estimate deformations starting from the GBSAR observations are described. This section introduces the two types of GBSAR acquisition modes, i.e., continuous and discontinuous GBSAR, and reviews the different GBSAR processing and analysis methods published in the literature. This is followed by a discussion of the specific technical aspects of GBSAR deformation measurement. A section then summarizes the pros and cons of GBSAR for deformation monitoring. The last part of the paper includes two reviews: one concerning the GBSAR systems described in the literature, including non-strictly SAR systems and a second one addresses the main GBSAR applications. 相似文献
73.
In this paper, a new metric called despeckling structure loss (DSL) is proposed for performance assessment of despeckling algorithms with a focus on the preservation of structural features such as edges and textures. The ratio image of a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image to its despeckled result can clearly indicate the loss of structural features caused by the despeckling process. By taking into account characteristics of the best and worst structure preservation in despeckling, the DSL metric examines the presence of structural features in ratio images by using local correlations between the ratio image and the noise-free reference image at edge points. The DSL is shown to be a monotonic function of structure loss bounded between the best and worst cases, leading an objective and quantitative measure of the structure-preserving capability of despeckling algorithms. Experimental evaluations of the proposed metric have been carried out on simulated SAR images including one generated by SAR raw signal simulator. Despeckled results using five typical algorithms clearly demonstrate the efficiency of the DSL metric. In comparison, the commonly used despeckling metrics including the signal-to-mean-square error ratio, the edge correlation index, the Pratt’s figure of merit, the structural similarity and the equivalent number of looks of ratio images, fail to keep a consistency with the structure loss shown in despeckled results as well as ratio images. 相似文献
74.
从三轨法D-InSAR基本原理和数据处理流程出发,分析讨论了相位测量误差对三轨法D-InSAR形变测量精度的影响,详细给出了相位测量误差对三轨法形变测量影响的定量关系式。从定量分析中可以看出,基线比是造成相位测量误差对三轨法形变测量精度影响的一个关键因素,同时,卫星视角也是影响三轨法形变测量的一个比较重要的因素。 相似文献
75.
The direct access to the interior of our planet is very limited. Scientific drilling can reach about 15 km depth. Natural exhumation processes in conjunction with orogeny bring massive rock packages from up to 100 km depth back to surface. Explosion breccia and kimberlite pipes can carry small rock and mineral fragments as xenoliths from up to 250 km depth. But all the detailed knowledge we achieved about Earth's deep interior structures and dynamics, especially during the last two decades is based on highly resolved seismic data, in particular seismic tomography. That means it is a three-dimensional distribution of elastic and inelastic data with the maximum resolution of the seismic wavelength, i.e. at great depth several kilometres in principle. Consequently any material information is a matter of interpretation. Thus a detailed knowledge about the elastic properties of rocks in dependence on pressure, temperature, mineral content, grain size, deformation, crack distribution, etc., is crucial for this interpretation. 相似文献
76.
The Low Frequency array (LOFAR) will be a next generation digital aperture synthesis radio telescope covering the frequency range from 10 to 240 MHz. The instrument will feature full polarisation and multi-beaming capability, and is currently in its design phase. This work highlights the solar, heliospheric and space weather applications where LOFAR, with its unique and unprecedented capabilities, can provide useful information inaccessible by any other means. The relevant aspects of the LOFAR baseline design are described, and the most promising techniques of interest are enumerated. These include tracking coronal mass ejections (CMEs) out to large distances using interplanetary scintillation (IPS) methods, tomographic reconstruction of the solar wind in the inner heliosphere using IPS, direct imaging of the radio emission from CMEs and finally possible Faraday rotation studies of the magnetic field structure of the heliosphere and the CMEs. This work is a part of an effort directed towards ensuring the compatibility of LOFAR design with solar and space weather applications, in collaboration with the wider community. 相似文献
77.
Karunesh K. Gupta Rajiv Gupta 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2007,62(6):473-484
This paper presents a method to despeckle Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image, and then extract geographical features in it. In this research work, speckle is reduced by multiscale analysis in wavelet domain. In terms of geographical feature preservation the result shows that the method is better compared to spatial domain filters, such as Lee, Kuan, Frost, Ehfrost, Median, Gamma filters. The geographical features such as roads, airport runways, rivers and other ribbon-like shape structures are detected by the new wavelet-based method as proposed by Yuan Yan Tang. Experimental results show that the proposed method extracts geographical features of different width as well as different gray levels. 相似文献
78.
79.
During the summer of 1997 investigations into the nature of polar mesosphere summer echoes (PMSE) were conducted using the European incoherent scatter (EISCAT) VHF radar in Norway. The radar was operated in a frequency domain interferometry (FDI) mode over a period of two weeks to study the frequency coherence of the returned radar signals. The operating frequencies of the radar were 224.0 and 224.6 MHz. We present the first results from the experiment by discussing two 4-h intervals of data collected over two consecutive nights. During the first of the two days an enhancement of the FDI coherence, which indicates the presence of distinct scattering layers, was found to follow the lower boundary of the PMSE. Indeed, it is not unusual to observe that the coherence values are peaked around the heights corresponding to both the lower- and upper-most boundaries of the PMSE layer and sublayers. A Kelvin-Helmholtz mechanism is offered as one possible explanation for the layering structure. Additionally, our analysis using range-time-pseudocolor plots of signal-to-noise ratios, spectrograms of Doppler velocity, and estimates of the positions of individual scattering layers is shown to be consistent with the proposition that upwardly propagating gravity waves can become steepened near the mesopause. 相似文献
80.