排序方式： 共有166条查询结果，搜索用时 109 毫秒
141.
142.
随着对外太空探索脚步的加快，人类开始对与太阳系具有相似结构的恒星行星系统越来越感兴趣，因为它们有可能也拥有智慧生命。简单介绍了目前地外恒星行星系统的探测情况，分析了现在比较常用的几种探测方法的可行性和适用范围，重点讨论了利用视向速度法得到的结果及其意义。近年来，各种探索地外行星的小卫星的升空以及探测技术的进步使得大批高质量数据获得成为可能。可以预见，在未来几年内，地外恒星行星系统的探索将会进入一个蓬勃发展阶段。 相似文献
143.
太阳剩余磁场是指形成于太阳主序星阶段之前，深藏在太阳辐射核内部的原始磁场。由于太阳内部高电导率和准静态等因素，其剩余磁场耗散相当缓慢，而得以保留至今。太阳剩余磁场的存在不仅能够解释太阳活动的很多不对称性现象，如南北不对称性、活动经度与活动穴、低纬度冕洞和Maunder极小期等，还能通过改变自激发发电机模型的边值条件而影响整个太阳表面磁场的分布与演化。从观测结果和理论模型两方面评述了太阳剩余磁场的研究成果及最新进展，并简单讨论了进一步努力的方向。 相似文献
144.
David M. Smith 《Experimental Astronomy》2005,20(1-3):65-73
The best tool for understanding ion acceleration in solar flares is gamma-ray line emission from nuclear de-excitation, positron annihilation, and neutron capture. These techniques have not yet come close to reaching their potential due to limited counting statistics in the lines. Instruments with focusing optics and large effective areas promise real breakthroughs in understanding high-energy solar processes. I discuss what can be learned from the various lines and the instrumental requirements for future focusing observations.“Mama always told me not to look into the sights of the Sun; oh, but mama, that’s where the fun is...” [1] 相似文献
145.
The mechanics of a radiative shock which has “collapsed,” or been compressed to high density, via radiative cooling is discussed.
This process is relevant to an experiment in xenon gas that produced a driven, radiatively collapsed shock, and also to a
simulation of the supernova 1987A shock wave passing through the outer layers of the star and into the low-density circumstellar
material. 相似文献
146.
Concepts of several experimental configurations for the investigation of magnetized jets and their interaction with magnetized
environments are presented. In the planned experiments, the plasma jets will be created by laser ablation of shaped targets,
while magnetic and electric fields with the required configurations will be produced independently by a pulsed power generator.
In particular, the recently coupled Terawatt laser Tomcat and Terawatt pulsed power generator Zebra will be used for experiments. 相似文献
147.
Astronomy Letters - We discuss the possibility of elements heavier than iron being produced in the cooling central part of a low-mass supernova remnant in terms of a consistent kinetic model that... 相似文献
148.
We solve the self-consistent problem of the generation of a static magnetic field by the electric current of accelerated particles near a strong plane MHD shock front. We take into account the back reaction of the field on the particle diffusion tensors and the background plasma parameters near the front. Various states that differ significantly in static magnetic-field strength are shown to be possible near a strong front. If the initial field has a component normal to the front, then its components parallel to the front are suppressed by accelerated particles by several orders of magnitude. Only the component perpendicular to the front remains. This field configuration for uniform particle injection at the front does not lead to the generation of an additional field, and, in this sense, it is stable. If the initial field is parallel to the front, then either its significant enhancement by two or three orders of magnitude or its suppression by several orders of magnitude is possible. The phenomenon under consideration is an example of the self-organization of plasma with a magnetic field in a strongly nonequilibrium system. It can significantly affect the efficiency of particle acceleration by the shock front and the magnetobremsstrahlung of the accelerated particles. 相似文献
149.
金属丰度是表征星系特征的重要参量，对于理解星系的形成与演化具有重要意义．随着观测设备的不断完善与发展，已经获得越来越多的星系（包括近邻星系、中等红移及高红移星系）金属丰度的观测资料。在光致电离模型方面也取得了很大进展．这些对于理解星系中金属及恒星成分的累积历史有非常重要的作用．有多种方法可以用来估计星系的金属丰度（主要是星际介质中气相的O丰度），介绍和评述了估计星系的O丰度的多种方法，包括电子温度的方法、R23方法以及其他一些“强线”比值的方法，并给出了相应的解析公式，同时介绍了电离星云的物理本质及由光致电高模型估计星系金属丰度的方法．还给出了估计星系的C和N元素丰度的方法． 相似文献
150.
N. Barrière P. von Ballmoos H. Halloin N. Abrosimov J. M. Alvarez K. Andersen P. Bastie S. Boggs P. Courtois T. Courvoisier M. Harris M. Hernanz J. Isern P. Jean J. Knödlseder G. Skinner B. Smither P. Ubertini G. Vedrenne G. Weidenspointner C. Wunderer 《Experimental Astronomy》2005,20(1-3):269-278
The next generation of instrumentation for nuclear astrophysics will have to achieve a factor of 10–100 improvement in sensitivity over present technologies. With the focusing gamma-ray telescope MAX we take up this challenge: combining unprecedented sensitivity with high spectral and angular resolution, and the capability of measuring the polarization of the incident photons. The feasibility of such a crystal diffraction gamma-ray lens has recently been demonstrated with the prototype lens CLAIRE. MAX is a proposed mission which will make use of satellite formation flight to achieve 86 m focal length, with the Laue lens being carried by one satellite and the detector by the other. In the current design, the Laue diffraction lens of MAX will consist of 13740 copper and germanium (Ge1−x
Si
x
, x ∼ 0.02) crystal tiles arranged on 36 concentric rings. It simultaneously focuses in two energy bands, each centred on one of the main scientific objectives of the mission: the 800–900 keV band is dedicated to the study of nuclear gamma-ray lines from type Ia supernovae (e.g. 56 Co decay line at 847 keV) while the 450–530 keV band focuses on electron-positron annihilation (511 keV emission) from the Galactic centre region with the aim of resolving potential point sources. MAX promises a breakthrough in the study of point sources at gamma-ray energies by combining high narrow-line sensitivity (better than 10−6 cm−2 s−1) and high energy resolution (E/dE ∼ 500). The mission has successfully undergone a pre-phase A study with the French Space Agency CNES, and continues to evolve: new diffracting materials such as bent or composite crystals seem very promising.
PACS: 95.55.Ka, 29.30.Kv, 61.10.-i 相似文献