中国云贵高原喀斯特地区春旱特征分析   总被引：8，自引：6，他引：2  

袁淑杰  缪启龙  谷晓平  邱新法  周涛  康为民 《地理科学》2007,27(6):796-800

利用1951~2004年54年88个站3~5月日降水量资料,计算云贵喀斯特地区春旱强度指数,对该区春旱强度指数时间序列进行小波分析,揭示云贵喀斯特地区春旱强度指数变化的多时间尺度的复杂结构。结果表明:全区范围内春旱强度指数序列变化具有明显的周期和突变点,春旱强度指数存在22年左右的周期特征。特重区、严重区13~15年的周期也很显著,并存在2~3年的主周期;中旱区和轻旱区还具有9~11年的周期,存在3~4年的主周期。根据主周期进行预测,特重区、严重区干旱程度将加重;轻旱区、中旱区干旱程度将减轻。同时还分析了春旱的分布特征、形成的环流场和物理因子。  相似文献   

特大型银矿床地质特征及找矿方向   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

贾伟光  吴英杰 《地质与资源》2000,9(4):229-234

特大型银矿床在资源占有量上占举足轻重的地位,使之已经成为近年来重要的研究课题之一.从已知的国内外特大型银矿床入手,在成矿时间、空间以及成矿特征方面进行了深入的研究.提出了特大型银矿床的主要成矿地质特征、矿床类型划分方案及在我国的找矿方向.概括如下:(1)已知特大型银矿床均分布于环太平洋成矿带内,主要受控于中生代、新生代的火山岩带和裂谷带之中,多数矿床与中酸性-酸性岩浆活动有关;(2)特大型银矿床以成矿系列为主要线索,划分为浅成低温热液型、斑岩型、矽卡岩型和5元素型;(3)中国在中新生代火山岩及裂谷发育地区,如大兴安岭-太行山带等,具有特大型银矿床的成矿潜力.  相似文献   

黄河三角洲地区平原水库规模论证   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

龚华  刘争胜  张永  张美丽 《海岸工程》2000,19(4):65-69

黄河三角洲可垦荒地和滩涂面积大 ,开发条件优越 ,地下石油丰富 ,黄河口流路横贯三角洲 ,是三角洲地区开发建设的宝贵水源。黄河三角洲地区平原水库的建设规模是一项重要的工程规划指标 ,平原水库规模的大小 ,对三角洲地区国民经济和社会发展将具有重大的影响 ,因此必须从来水、需水以及可供水量等多方面考虑 ,综合分析和确定。通过方案计算和比较分析 ,黄河三角洲地区平原水库库容规模为 6641 0× 1 0 4 m3。  相似文献   

Changes in the Structure of a Coastal Fish Assemblage Exploited by a Small Scale Gillnet Fishery During an El Niño–La Niña Event     

E. Godínez-Domínguez  J. Rojo-Vzquez  V. Galvn-Pia  B. Aguilar-Palomino 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2000,51(6):773

During 1998 an experimental gillnet fishing survey was carried out in a Mexican Central Pacific inshore zone. One-hundred and thirty fish species belonging to 51 families and 18 orders were identified. The most abundant species wereMicrolepidotus brevipinnis (29·0% of the total abundance) and Caranx caninus (19·2%), followed by C. caballus (6·3%), Kyphosus analogus (4·3%) and C. sexfasciatus (3·4%). Thermal SST anomalies showed the existence of two periods. The first, from January to April with positive anomalies, defines the end of an El Niño episode. The second period, from May to December, constitutes the beginning of the La Niña episode. The typical seasonality in a non-anomalous year continued for a large percentage of the inshore fish community, and the effects of the anomalous event consisted of changes in seasonality of occurrence in some individual species and the unusual abundance of some uncommon species. The species richness was higher during the El Niño–La Niña event than in a non-anomalous year, and therefore the event could be considered an interannual environmental mechanism that favours fish diversity in inshore waters.  相似文献   

On the existence of differences in luminosity between horizontal branch stars in globular clusters and in the field     

E. Carretta  R. G. Gratton  G. Clementini 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2000,316(4):721-728

The discrepancy between a long distance-scale derived from Hipparcos -based distances to globular clusters via main-sequence fitting to local subdwarfs, and a short distance-scale derived from the absolute magnitude of field RR Lyraes via statistical parallaxes and the Baade–Wesselink method could be accounted for whether an intrinsic difference of about ∼0.1–0.2 mag was found to exist between horizontal branch (HB) stars populating the sparse general field and the dense globular clusters. In this paper we discuss the possible existence of such a systematic difference comparing the period-shifts observed for field and cluster RR Lyraes. Various approaches based on different parameters and data sets for both cluster and field variables were used in order to establish the size of such a hypothetical difference, if any. We find that on the whole very small not significant differences exist between the period–metallicity distributions of field and cluster RR Lyraes, thus confirming with a more quantitative approach, the qualitative conclusions by Catelan . This observational evidence translates into a very small difference between the horizontal branch luminosity of field and cluster stars, unless RR Lyraes in globular clusters are about 0.06 M_⊙ more massive than field RR Lyraes at same metallicity, which is to be proven.  相似文献   

Evidence for different scaling of earthquake source parameters for large earthquakes depending on faulting mechanism   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Christian Stock  Euan G. C. Smith 《Geophysical Journal International》2000,143(1):157-162

Scaling relationships between seismic moment, rupture length, and rupture width have been examined. For this purpose, the data from several previous studies have been merged into a database containing more than 550 events. For large earthquakes, a dependence of scaling on faulting mechanism has been found. Whereas small and large dip-slip earthquakes scale in the same way, the self-similarity of earthquakes breaks down for large strike-slip events. Furthermore, no significant differences in scaling could be found between normal and reverse earthquakes and between earthquakes from different regions. Since the thickness of the seismogenic layer limits fault widths, most strike-slip earthquakes are limited to rupture widths of between 15 and 30 km while the rupture length is not limited. The aspect ratio of dip-slip earthquakes is similar for all earthquake sizes. Hence, the limitation in rupture width seems to control the maximum possible rupture length for these events. The different behaviour of strike-slip and dip-slip earthquakes can be explained by rupture dynamics and geological fault growth. If faults are segmented, with the thickness of the seismogenic layer controlling the length of each segment, strike-slip earthquakes might rupture connected segments more easily than dip-slip events, and thus could produce longer ruptures than dip-slip events of the same width  相似文献   

大型滑坡施工期监测系统设计及测试成果分析     

李邵军  李勇  王虎法 《岩土力学》2006,27(Z2):301-305

八尺门滑坡是福建省内迄今所发生的最大公路滑坡,监测是滑坡动态设计和信息化施工的重要内容。在该滑坡施工治理过程中建立了一个大型的滑坡监测系统,为此详细介绍了监测系统设计、现场监测布设及测试方法,开展了包括地表位移、滑体和抗滑桩深部水平位移、抗滑桩土压力、锚索受力、裂缝及地下水位变化等多项目的监测,基于对典型监测成果的综合分析,给出了滑坡的滑动方向、滑面位置、滑坡位移变化、锚索受力及地下水位变化情况等,为滑坡动态设计提供了直接依据,并确保了现场施工和滑坡上的居民安全,有效节约了工程成本。研究成果为相关的滑坡监测工程提供了重要的借鉴意义。  相似文献   

黄河西霞院工程坝基黏土岩的工程地质特性研究     

刘汉东  戴菊英  李继伟 《岩土力学》2006,27(11):2045-2049

黄河西霞院工程电站厂房地基为上第三系洛阳组黏土岩类地层。现场勘察揭示该黏土岩具有特殊的工程地质性质,在开挖或遇水时风化分解较快,由岩石的性质转变为土的性质。为了更好地了解洛阳组黏土岩的工程特性,进行了一系列室内试验和现场大型剪切试验。该黏土岩的黏土含量最高达53.7 %,黏土矿物成分以蒙脱石为主,含量在28 %～38 %,岩体的膨胀率为0.6 %～4.9 %,单轴抗压强度为0.11～1.04 MPa,凝聚力为132.2 kPa,内摩擦角为22.29°。研究表明洛阳组黏土岩具有典型的软岩硬土特征。  相似文献   

一个新的生态旅游者分类指标的有效性分析——以北京市百花山自然保护区为例   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

李燕琴 《地理科学》2006,26(6):764-771

借鉴NEP尺度的指标构造思路以及国外相关研究进展,结合在北京市百花山自然保护区生态旅游者研究的相关数据,提出从生态旅游者与一般游客两方面的典型动机特征入手,构建一个新的生态旅游者分类指标生态旅游兴趣尺度EI,以综合评定游客对生态旅游的感兴趣程度。使用指标替代和增补的方法对EI尺度的有效性进行检验,结果表明EI尺度确实可提高生态旅游者判别的准确率,EI与NEP和VIS一起构成了识别生态旅游者的最重要的三个指标。同时,Logistic回归分析也表明,EI尺度目前在三个特征向量中对于分类的作用还较弱,这与中国处于生态旅游发展的早期阶段,生态旅游者与一般游客在动机特征方面的分异不大有关。  相似文献   

GOES-16 ABI观测和ERA5全天空模拟亮温揭示的热带对流水平特征尺度对比分析     

汪栩涛  邹晓蕾 《气象科学》2024,44(1):125-137

本研究通过将GOES-16 ABI观测亮温和ERA5再分析资料的全天空模拟亮温进行对比分析,发现观测亮温和模拟亮温对流低值区位置大体接近,也能够定性反映出对流从发展到减弱的日变化过程,但亮温低值区域的强度存在较大差异。即使把高分辨率ABI通道13观测亮温平均到ERA5分辨率(0.25°×0.25°),在热带对流区的低亮温强度仍然高于ERA5全天空模拟亮温。因此利用主成分分析(Principal Component Analysis,PCA)和离散傅里叶变换(Discrete Fourier Transform,DFT)对任意选择的两对流区域内的观测和模拟亮温进行了尺度分析和对比。在其中对流较强的区域内,当ABI观测亮温的主成分分量从1增加到9时,水平特征尺度从700 km逐渐减小到150 km。ERA5全天空模拟亮温从主成分1增加到4时,水平特征尺度从950 km减小到270 km空间尺度,但当主成分4增加到9时,特征尺度几乎不变。在对流较弱的另一区域也能够发现ERA5模拟亮温对对流水平特征尺度有明显高估。ERA5模拟亮温各主成分的相位和观测亮温存在2 h以内的误差。由于ERA5全天空...  相似文献