Polarization of resonance lines in the case of a Voigt absorption profile     

A. V. Dementyev 《Astronomy Letters》2008,34(8):574-580

Multiple resonance scattering of radiation in a spectral line is considered in the case of a Voigt absorption profile. The scattering is assumed to take place in a nonmagnetic semi-infinite atmosphere with uniformly distributed sources of unpolarized radiation. Polarization characteristics have been obtained for the emergent radiation by numerically solving the Ambartsumian-Chandrasekhar matrix integral equation.  相似文献   

考虑径向渗透系数变化的真空预压竖井地基固结解析解     

张玉国  万东阳  郑言林  韩帅  杨晗玥  段萌萌 《岩土力学》2019,(9):3533-3541

针对真空预压条件下竖井地基固结问题,考虑竖井地基扰动区土体径向渗透系数变化的3种模式(扰动区渗透系数为常数、线性变化、抛物线变化)和竖井井阻随时间变化等因素影响;建立数学计算模型,采用解析解法,推导了考虑径向渗透系数因施工扰动而变化的真空预压竖井地基固结问题的解析解。基于此解,编制了计算程序,绘制出了考虑扰动区土体径向渗透系数变化和竖井井阻随时间变化影响的真空预压竖井地基固结曲线图。研究表明:井阻变化率对固结速率有较大影响;在土体扰动区径向渗透系数变化的3种模式中,渗透系数为抛物线变化时固结速率最快,渗透系数为线性时次之,渗透系数为常数时固结速率最慢。  相似文献   

激发极化法在新疆奇台县岩浆岩型石墨矿中的应用     

杨彦龙 《新疆地质》2019,(3):408-413

石墨矿相对于围岩物性特征更加独特,主要呈低阻高极化特征。依据石墨的独特物性条件,奇台黄羊山岩浆岩型石墨矿与围岩明显的物性差异,对黄羊山一带石墨矿勘查布设了激发极化法物探测量方法,通过与地质、槽探、钻探等方法的相互验证、补充,取得了重大勘探成果,突破了亿吨级资源储量类别。激发极化法在黄羊山石墨矿勘查边界圈定及深部资源推断中得到了很好的应用。通过对奇台黄羊山石墨矿激电测量的应用与研究,在大面积、埋藏较深的石墨矿勘查中,运用时间域激电及等距对称四极测深装置测得的视极化率(ηs)、通过反演计算取得的视电阻率(ρs)等主要参数,结合石墨矿体的实际产状确定矿体空间位置,以此准确判定矿体分布范围,为下一步地质工作、资源储量预测和工程布设指明方向。  相似文献   

Calibration method affects the measured δ2H and δ18O in soil water by direct H2Oliquid–H2Ovapour equilibration with laser spectroscopy     

Hongxiu Wang  Bingcheng Si  Dyan Pratt  Han Li  Xiaojun Ma 《水文研究》2020,34(2):506-516

The direct H₂O_liquid–H₂O_vapour equilibration method utilizing laser spectroscopy (DVE-LS) is a way to measure soil pore water stable isotopes. Various equilibration times and calibration methods have been used in DVE-LS. Yet little is known about their effects on the accuracy of the obtained isotope values. The objective of this study was to evaluate how equilibration time and calibration methods affect the accuracy of DVE-LS. We did both spiking and field soil experiments. For the spiking experiment, we applied DVE-LS to four soils of different textures, each of which was subjected to five water contents and six equilibration times. For the field soil experiment, we applied three calibration methods for DVE-LS to two field soil profiles, and the results were compared with cryogenic vacuum distillation (CVD)-LS. Results showed that DVE-LS demonstrated higher δ²H and δ¹⁸O as equilibration time increased, but 12 to 24 hr could be used as optimal equilibration time. For field soil samples, DVE-LS with liquid waters as standards led to significantly higher δ²H and δ¹⁸O than CVD-LS, with root mean square error (RMSE) of 8.06‰ for δ²H and 0.98‰ for δ¹⁸O. Calibration with soil texture reduced RMSE to 3.53‰ and 0.72‰ for δ²H and δ¹⁸O, respectively. Further, calibration with both soil texture and water content decreased RMSE to 3.10‰ for δ²H and 0.73‰ for δ¹⁸O. Our findings conclude that the calibration method applied may affect the measured soil water isotope values from DVE-LS.  相似文献   

绝对重力仪激光器光纤对准调节方法概述     

任敏拴  商永杰  郑文科  康胜军  赵丕 《大地测量与地球动力学》2020,40(9):981-984

绝对重力仪激光器光纤由于应力变化、形状改变、震动或耦合器维护等原因破坏了输出激光的偏振态,使其在光纤内的传输变得非常不稳定,导致光纤输出激光的消光比值小于100,无法满足绝对重力观测条件。针对该问题,介绍了光纤对准调节的方法,通过设计消光比检测装置检验消光比值是否大于100。对#181和#250两台WEO100型He-Ne激光器的光纤进行对准调节实验,并通过消光比检测装置实测,两台激光器输出的光束消光比值满足绝对重力测量的条件,表明该对准调节方法科学有效。  相似文献   

闽西南地区一次高架雷暴中尺度特征分析     

张伟  陈琳  黄惠镕  黄昕  胡雅君  陈德花 《热带气象学报》2023,(1):55-65

利用常规观测资料、ERA5再分析资料、闪电定位仪资料、福建龙岩双偏振多普勒天气雷达资料,分析了2020年春季闽西南地区的一次强对流过程。结果表明,此次过程发生在地面锋线北侧冷区内,属于典型的高架雷暴过程,产生的灾害性天气包括冰雹、短时强降水、高山站雷雨大风。500 hPa冷平流、850 hPa暖湿平流、925 hPa闽西南地区的假相当位温高能舌为高架雷暴的发生发展提供了有利的环境条件。探空显示逆温层深厚且逆温层顶温度高,暖湿气流沿着锋面被强迫抬升,至逆温层之上饱和假相当位温随高度递减,存在显著的条件不稳定,对流得到快速发展。雷达分析表明,本次高架雷暴冰雹回波自低层快速倾斜向上发展,具有发展快、强度强、降雹时间长的特征。其双偏振参数演变特征与基于地面抬升的雷暴基本一致,降雹阶段表现为CC谷、Z_DR接近零、K_DP小于零。降雹前回波单体中存在强Z_DR和K_DP柱,可以作为冰雹预报的参考,提前量达到半小时。  相似文献   

Political Alienation,Rurality and the Symbolic Role of Swedish Wolf Policy     

Max Eriksson 《社会与自然资源》2017,30(11):1374-1388

Attitudes towards wolf policy are likely to be driven by perceived differences in political power between urban and rural groups. Using Swedish survey data collected in 2014 and structural equation modeling, I evaluated the effects of political alienation. Political alienation mediated the effect of having an urban or rural place of residence on attitudes towards wolf policy. Politically alienated individuals also preferred more extreme policy options than other respondents, while being less likely to approve of the current wolf policy in Sweden. These findings suggest that political alienation drives attitude polarization in wolf related social conflicts. Awareness of these underlying power asymmetries could possibly increase both policy legitimacy and management efficiency. This highlights the importance of accounting for social context in relation to policy-making and conservation efforts related to wolves.  相似文献   

Statistics-based Optimization of the Polarimetric Radar Hydrometeor Classification Algorithm and Its Application for a Squall Line in South China     

Chong WU  Liping LIU  Ming WEI  Baozhu XI  Minghui YU 《大气科学进展》2018,35(3):296-316

A modified hydrometeor classification algorithm(HCA) is developed in this study for Chinese polarimetric radars. This algorithm is based on the U.S. operational HCA. Meanwhile, the methodology of statistics-based optimization is proposed including calibration checking, datasets selection, membership functions modification, computation thresholds modification,and effect verification. Zhuhai radar, the first operational polarimetric radar in South China, applies these procedures. The systematic bias of calibration is corrected, the reliability of radar measurements deteriorates when the signal-to-noise ratio is low, and correlation coefficient within the melting layer is usually lower than that of the U.S. WSR-88D radar. Through modification based on statistical analysis of polarimetric variables, the localized HCA especially for Zhuhai is obtained,and it performs well over a one-month test through comparison with sounding and surface observations. The algorithm is then utilized for analysis of a squall line process on 11 May 2014 and is found to provide reasonable details with respect to horizontal and vertical structures, and the HCA results—especially in the mixed rain–hail region—can reflect the life cycle of the squall line. In addition, the kinematic and microphysical processes of cloud evolution and the differences between radardetected hail and surface observations are also analyzed. The results of this study provide evidence for the improvement of this HCA developed specifically for China.  相似文献   

广西区域经济极化时空格局研究     

黄馨娴  胡宝清 《地域研究与开发》2017,36(5)

采用差异系数、极化指数并结合ESDA技术方法,对2004—2014年广西区域经济极化的演变趋势进行研究。11年中,广西整体经济极化程度呈增长趋势,以低水平极化为主;增长重心由东北部向中部移动,南宁、北海和柳州形成经济极化"三角区",经济落后区域从东南部转移到西北部,整体呈现"西低—中高—东低"的空间格局;大多数县域与周边区域的空间关联程度较小,离所倡导的区域化的经济发展模式还有一段距离。  相似文献   

哈大高铁对东北城市旅游经济联系的空间影响   总被引：10，自引：5，他引：5  

郭建科  王绍博  李博  彭飞  王丹丹 《地理科学》2016,36(4):521-529

基于GIS平台,构建可达性模型分析哈大高铁开通后东北各城市旅游交通网络可达性变化特征,然后通过修正引力模型,从时空压缩效应、高铁旅游带的形成、旅游通勤圈空间分异、加剧旅游极化效应等方面分析哈大高铁对东北各城市间旅游经济联系的影响。结果显示：高铁带来的时空压缩效应大大强化了东北城市的旅游交通可达性和旅游经济联系,整个通勤圈时空压缩2 h左右,提升幅度均呈现距离高铁增加而衰减现象,且省际城市间的变化大于省内城市间的变化,东三省的变化大于内蒙东部区域的变化。沿线城市在高铁开通后将获得更大的旅游发展动能,并加快哈大高铁旅游带的形成。沿线城市“一日游”和“两日游”受益明显,偏远城市则在“七日游”方面受益较多;东北旅游应以高铁为契机,精心开发沿线旅游精品线路,加快旅游一体化合作,打造东北旅游新形象。高铁使旅游市场空间分布上出现“极化效应”,提升旅游产业供求效率的同时,拉大了城市间旅游差距,不利于旅游产业协调性发展。今后应以高铁为核心完善快速交通干线布局,将更多旅游城市和旅游景点纳入高铁通勤圈。  相似文献