中国大陆科学钻探（CCSD）高压超高压变质岩中石英脉流体包裹体初步研究   总被引：2，自引：15，他引：2  

徐莉孙晓明  翟伟梁金龙  梁业恒沈昆  张泽明汤倩 《岩石学报》2005,21(2):505-512

初步的岩相学和冷热台显微测温表明，CCSDHP—UHP岩石中石英脉和后期碳酸盐脉中含有3种流体包裹体：盐水溶液(NaCl-H2O)包裹体(Ⅰ类)、NaCl-CaCl2-H20(Ⅱ类)和N2-CH4纯气相(Ⅲ类)包裹体，其中Ⅰ类盐水溶液包裹体可进一步分为中高盐度盐水溶液包裹体(Ia)、中等盐度盐水溶液包裹体(Ib)和低盐度盐水溶液包裹体(Ic)，而Ⅲ类为CCSD中首次发现：Ia、Ib和Ⅱ型流体包裹体主要以原生或假次生形式赋存在榴辉岩的石英脉或石英颗粒中，在角闪岩相的片麻岩及其石英脉中均未观察到，显示它们可能主要被捕获于榴辉岩的减压重结晶或退变质阶段，而Ic型包裹体分布广泛，表明其主体可能是在超高压变质岩折返过程的最晚阶段捕获的；N2-CH4纯气相包裹体均为原生包裹体，主要呈孤立和小群状与Ia和Ib类包裹体分布于榴辉岩中条带状石英脉中，可能主要是在高压-超高压榴辉岩相变质条件下被捕获的；CCSD榴辉岩中石英脉的主体形成于板块折返有关的减压重结晶和退变质，而片麻岩中石英脉则主要来源于角闪岩相及其后期退变质作用；榴辉岩和片麻岩中石英脉流体包裹体的组成和地球化学特征存在明显区别，但它们各自相似于其寄主岩石中的石英颗粒中包裹体，说明CCSD中HP—UHP岩石在板块折返过程中释放出的变质流体没有经过大规模的迁移。  相似文献   

Repeating earthquake activities associated with the Philippine Sea plate subduction in the Kanto district, central Japan: A new plate configuration revealed by interplate aseismic slips   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

Hisanori Kimura  Keiji Kasahara  Toshihiro Igarashi  Naoshi Hirata   《Tectonophysics》2006,417(1-2):101

We detect repeating earthquakes associated with the Philippine Sea plate subduction to reveal the plate configuration. In the Kanto district, we find 140 repeating earthquake groups with 428 events by waveform similarity analysis. Most repeating earthquakes in the eastern part of the Kanto district occur with a regular time interval. They have thrust-type focal mechanisms and are distributed near the upper surface of the Philippine Sea plate. These observations indicate that the repeating earthquakes there occur as a repetition of ruptures on the isolated patches distributed on the plate boundary owing to the concentration of stress caused by aseismic slips in the surrounding areas. This shows that the distributions of repeating earthquakes suggest the aseismic slips in the surrounding areas of small patches. We determine spatial distributions of repeating earthquakes in the eastern part of the Kanto district and find that they correspond to the upper boundary of the Philippine Sea plate, that is, the upper boundary of the oceanic crust layer of the Philippine Sea plate. The plate geometry around Choshi is newly constrained by repeating earthquake data and a rather flat geometry in the eastern part of the Kanto district is revealed. The obtained geometry suggests uplift of the Philippine Sea plate due to the collision with the Pacific plate beneath Choshi.Repeating earthquakes in the western part of the Kanto district have extremely shorter recurrence times, and their focal mechanisms are not of the thrust types. These repeating earthquakes are classified as “burst type” activity and likely to occur on the preexistent fault planes which are distributed around the “collision zone” between the Philippine Sea plate and the inland plate. The variation among the repeating earthquake activities in the Kanto district indicates that regular repetition of repeating earthquakes is possible only on the plate boundary with a smooth and simple geometry.  相似文献   

Westward younging disposition of Philippine ophiolites and its implication for arc evolution     

Graciano P.  Yumul Jr 《Island Arc》2007,16(2):306-317

Abstract   The different ophiolite complexes in the Philippine island arc system define a progressive younging direction westward. This resulted from the clockwise rotation of the Philippine island arc system during its north-westward translation in the Eocene resulting in its western boundary colliding with the Sundaland–Eurasian margin. As a consequence of this interaction, ophiolite complexes and mélanges accreted into the Philippine island arc system along its western side. A new ophiolite zonation with four belts is proposed that takes into consideration the observed spatial and temporal relationships of the exposed oceanic lithosphere slices. With progressive younging from east to west, Belt 1 corresponds to Late Cretaceous complete ophiolite complexes with associated metamorphic soles along the eastern Philippines, whereas Belt 2 includes Early to Late Cretaceous dismembered ultramafic-mafic complexes with mélanges exposed mainly west of eastern Philippines. Belt 3 is defined by Cretaceous through Eocene to Oligocene ophiolite complexes emplaced along the collision zone between the Philippine Mobile Belt and the Sundaland–Eurasian margin. Belt 4 corresponds to the ophiolite complexes emplaced along continental margins as exposed in the Palawan and Zamboanga–Sulu areas. This proposed zonation hints that the whole Philippine Mobile Belt, except for the strike-slip fault bounded Eocene Zambales ophiolite complex in Luzon, is underlain by Cretaceous proto-Philippine Sea Plate fragments. This is contrary to the previous models that consider only the eastern margin of the Philippines to contain proto-Philippine Sea Plate materials.  相似文献   

Gondwana breakup via double-saloon-door rifting and seafloor spreading in a backarc basin during subduction rollback   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A.K. Martin   《Tectonophysics》2007,445(3-4):245-272

A model has been developed where two arc-parallel rifts propagate in opposite directions from an initial central location during backarc seafloor spreading and subduction rollback. The resultant geometry causes pairs of terranes to simultaneously rotate clockwise and counterclockwise like the motion of double-saloon-doors about their hinges. As movement proceeds and the two terranes rotate, a gap begins to extend between them, where a third rift initiates and propagates in the opposite direction to subduction rollback. Observations from the Oligocene to Recent Western Mediterranean, the Miocene to Recent Carpathians, the Miocene to Recent Aegean and the Oligocene to Recent Caribbean point to a two-stage process. Initially, pairs of terranes comprising a pre-existing retro-arc fold thrust belt and magmatic arc rotate about poles and accrete to adjacent continents. Terrane docking reduces the width of the subduction zone, leading to a second phase during which subduction to strike-slip transitions initiate. The clockwise rotated terrane is caught up in a dextral strike-slip zone, whereas the counterclockwise rotated terrane is entrained in a sinistral strike-slip fault system. The likely driving force is a pair of rotational torques caused by slab sinking and rollback of a curved subduction hingeline.By analogy with the above model, a revised five-stage Early Jurassic to Early Cretaceous Gondwana dispersal model is proposed in which three plates always separate about a single triple rift or triple junction in the Weddell Sea area. Seven features are considered diagnostic of double-saloon-door rifting and seafloor spreading:

i) earliest movement involves clockwise and counterclockwise rotations of the Falkland Islands Block and the Ellsworth Whitmore Terrane respectively;

ii) terranes comprise areas of a pre-existing retro-arc fold thrust belt (the Permo-Triassic Gondwanide Orogeny) attached to an accretionary wedge/magmatic arc; the Falklands Islands Block is initially attached to Southern Patagonia/West Antarctic Peninsula, while the Ellsworth Whitmore Terrane is combined with the Thurston Island Block;

iii) paleogeographies demonstrate rifting and extension in a backarc environment relative to a Pacific margin subduction zone/accretionary wedge where simultaneous crustal shortening occurs;

iv) a ridge jump towards the subduction zone from east of the Falkland Islands to the Rocas Verdes Basin evinces subduction rollback;

v) this ridge jump combined with backarc extension isolated an area of thicker continental crust — The Falkland Islands Block;

vi) well-documented EW oriented seafloor spreading anomalies in the Weddell Sea are perpendicular to the subduction zone and propagate in the opposite direction to rollback;

vii) the dextral strike-slip Gastre and sub-parallel faults form one boundary of the Gondwana subduction rollback, whereas the other boundary may be formed by inferred sinistral strike-slip motion between a combined Thurston Island/Ellsworth Whitmore Terrane and Marie Byrd Land/East Antarctica.

南黄海盆地海相中—古生界构造区划     

李慧君 《海洋地质前沿》2014,30(10):8-13

南黄海盆地属于下扬子地块海域部分,是我国海相中—古生界发育最齐全,保存相对较完整的地区之一。该区具双层基底结构及复杂的深部构造体系,经历了多旋回的盆地成生、改造及叠加过程。海相中—古生界则经历了印支、燕山、喜山等构造运动的改造,以往由于缺少深部地震资料,无法对海相中—古生界进行构造区划。通过该区沉积盆地原型的分析,结合深部地震资料的解释划分了南黄海盆地海相中—古生界的构造格局。  相似文献   

安徽铜山铜(金)矿床锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素地球化学     

余良范  毛丽达.尼合买提  古黄玲  褚庚  杨晓勇 《地球科学与环境学报》2014,(1):152-160

安徽池州的铜山岩体是长江中下游地区沿江岩浆岩主带中的含矿岩体之一,其形成年龄及岩石成因尚存在争议。该岩体主要由石英闪长玢岩、石英二长斑岩和花岗闪长岩组成,与铜金矿化关系密切。对铜山矽卡岩型铜(金)矿床的花岗闪长岩开展了锆石U-Pb定年和Hf同位素地球化学研究。岩石地球化学及同位素年代学研究结果表明:花岗闪长岩侵入年龄为(146.3±3.2)Ma,形成于早白垩世;锆石εHf(t)值平均为-5.23,说明铜山侵入岩具有壳幔混合的岩浆岩源区性质;锆石的二阶段Hf模式年龄分布在1 184.51~1 422.72Ma之间,说明岩浆源区与皖南地区出露的中元古代基底有密切关系。构造判别图解显示,铜山岩体属火山弧花岗岩,与长江中下游铜金矿床含矿岩体形成于同一构造背景下,据此推测铜山地区大地构造背景形成于与古太平洋板块俯冲密切相关的大陆边缘岩浆弧环境。  相似文献   

陕西紫阳辉长岩锆石U-Pb年龄及微量元素地球化学特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

谢巧勤  赵月领  张焕侠  陈天虎  徐晓春  薛怀民  赵建新 《地质科学》2014,(2):456-471

陕西安康的瓦房店、紫阳、岚皋、镇坪和湖北竹溪一带的早古生代地层中广泛出露具双峰式岩浆岩组合的岩墙群。本文通过紫阳高滩辉长岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学研究,获得其侵位年龄为410±4.5 Ma。高滩辉长岩具有类似OIB的稀土元素和微量元素分配特征,Th/Nb比值小于0.11,Nb/Zr大于0.15,显示其形成于与地幔柱活动相关的富集地幔源区。Nb/U、Ce/Pb比值及U、Th、Pb和Ni含量特征显示岩浆演化早期经历橄榄石和辉石的弱分离结晶作用,岩浆上升过程中几乎未受到地壳物质混染作用。高滩辉长岩年代学、微量元素地球化学特征及区域地质特征表明,早古生代晚期扬子陆块北缘地幔柱作用使得该区软流圈地幔上涌,导致扬子板块北缘陆内裂解,引发紫阳、岚皋一带早古生代晚期的基性岩浆作用。由于地幔深部热动力条件制约,这次大陆裂解事件未能持续。高滩辉长岩锆石年龄是对扬子板块北缘陆内裂解事件的响应。  相似文献   

佳木斯—伊通断裂韧性剪切变形时代及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高万里  王宗秀  李磊磊  崔明明 《地质力学学报》2018,24(6):748-758

作为郯庐断裂北段主干断裂的佳木斯-伊通断裂（简称佳-伊断裂）,其最早开始活动的时代一直以来都存在争议。为了更好确定其活动时代,对佳-伊断裂昌图段南城水库附近的韧性剪切带展开了详细研究。野外构造解析和显微构造特征显示,剪切带糜棱面理走向北北东-南南西,其上发育北东方向的缓倾拉伸线理,指示该剪切带为逆冲-走滑韧性剪切特征。锆石U-Pb年龄测试结果表明,剪切带中糜棱花岗岩形成在174~173 Ma,该糜棱岩带被后期未变形辉绿岩脉侵入,辉绿岩脉的锆石U-Pb年龄为164 Ma,从而限定该期次韧性变形发生在174~164 Ma之间的中侏罗晚期。取自剪切带糜棱花岗岩内的变形黑云母40Ar/39Ar测试结果表明,糜棱花岗岩在187~166 Ma左右受到了显著的热事件的扰动。这些证据证明,佳-伊断裂在中侏罗晚期发生过显著的左行走滑韧性剪切,结合对东北地区火成岩研究成果的分析,佳-伊断裂中侏罗晚期的韧性变形可能与古太平洋板块向欧亚大陆的俯冲有关,该时期侵位的岩浆活动开始显著受到俯冲引发的挤压应力作用的影响。   相似文献   

花岗岩与大陆构造、岩浆热场与成矿   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张旗  焦守涛  李承东  陈万峰 《岩石学报》2017,33(5):1524-1540

文中指出,花岗岩研究存在两个误区:(1)花岗岩没有自己独立的理论,花岗岩主要是效仿玄武岩的理论;(2)花岗岩的理论主要是应用板块构造的理论,而板块构造的理论并不适合大陆花岗岩。板块构造理论只能解决海洋里及海洋边缘的问题(如安第斯),不能解决大陆本身的问题。花岗岩在海洋里很少,绝大部分在大陆。花岗岩能否分离结晶是学术界争论的重大问题,本文从野外和镜下关系上、从理论上、方法学上和三段论法的逻辑学上进行了分析,指出花岗岩分离结晶作用是不可能的。混合作用是又一个争论的焦点,花岗岩是能够发生混合作用的,关键是笔者认为,花岗岩的混合作用主要发生在下地壳底部,而不是在花岗岩侵位和上升的过程中。目前,花岗岩研究领域里地球化学最受重视,花岗岩地球化学研究应当着力解决两个问题:(1)解决生产中提出的问题;(2)解决地球化学学科自身发展提出的问题。离开这两条,花岗岩地球化学研究即迷失了方向。笔者认为,花岗岩区分为大洋系列和大陆系列,位于海洋和海洋边缘受俯冲作用影响的为大洋系列;位于大陆内部的属于大陆系列。现存的一些花岗岩构造环境判别图仅适用于大洋系列的花岗岩,而不适用于大陆系列的花岗岩。大陆系列花岗岩的地球动力学意义不是构造环境或碰撞环境,而是地壳底部温度和压力状况。我们提出的花岗岩按照Sr-Yb的分类,适合于解释大陆花岗岩的地球动力学问题。花岗岩与成矿的关系是学术界争论的重大问题,争论的焦点主要集中在两个问题上:(1)岩浆是怎么形成的?岩浆源自哪里?(2)流体是怎么形成的?流体来自哪里,流体如何上升?为了探讨上述问题,文中主要讨论了岩浆热场理论,希望用这个理论去解释与花岗岩有关的各种成矿作用,包括与岩浆有关的各种变质和沉积热液成矿作用以及岩浆热场对煤和油气的影响等。在此基础上,提出了"与花岗岩有关的成矿组合"的概念。岩浆热场最重要的意义可能是解释了大规模岩浆活动为什么与大规模成矿作用有关的问题,指出大规模岩浆活动所造成的是1+12的效果。大数据技术是当今社会的热门话题,大数据的特点主要不在于数据的大,而在于思维的新,用新思维去处理数据才是大数据的特点。不强调"因果关系",重视"关联关系";不关注"为什么",只关心"是什么",是大数据思维的特点。其实这个特点可能恰恰最符合地质找矿的实际。板块构造引发了地球科学的一场变革,但是,它只限于地球科学理论上的变革。而大数据带来的这场变革主要不是体现在地球科学理论方面,而是地球科学研究方法和研究思路方面,它所带来的效益将是前所未有的。  相似文献   

The West Spitsbergen Fold Belt: The result of Late Cretaceous-Palaeocene Greenland-Svalbard convergence?     

Nikos Lyberis  Geoff Manby 《Geological Journal》1993,28(2):125-136

The West Spitsbergen Fold Belt, together with the Eurekan structures of northern Greenland and Ellesmere Island, are suggested to be the result of Late Cretaceous-Palaeocene intracontinental compressional tectonics. The Late Palaeozoic –Mesozoic rocks of western Spitsbergen are characterized by near-foreland deformation with ramp-flat, top-to-the east thrust trajectories, whereas structurally higher nappes involving Caledonian complexes are typified by more listric thrusts and mylonite zones. A minimum of 40 km of shortening is estimated for the northern part of the West Spitsbergen Fold Belt. The axial trends in the West Spitsbergen and the North Greenland Eurekan fold belts parallel the principal fault zones which accommodated the separation of Greenland and Svalbard after Chron 25/24. In northern Greenland, north directed Eurekan thrusts associated with mylonites and cleavage formation represent at least 10 km of shortening. Between 50 and 100 km of shortening is estimated for the markedly arcuate Eurekan Fold Belt of Ellesmere Island, but the principal tectonic transport is eastwards. Kinematic reconstructions suggest that Svalbard was linked to North America before the opening of the Eurasian Basin and Norwegian — Greenland Sea. In the Late Cretaceous — Palaeocene interval, the relative motion between Greenland and North America was convergent across the Greenland — Svalbard margin, giving rise to the West Spitsbergen Fold Belt and the Eurekan structures of North Greenland.  相似文献