Roof model recommendation for complex buildings based on combination rules and symmetry features in footprints     

Xuke Hu  Alexey Noskov 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2018,11(10):1039-1063

Currently, very few roof shape information for complex buildings is available on OSM. Moreover, additional data requirements (e.g. 3D point clouds) limit the applicability of many roof reconstruction approaches. To mitigate this issue, we propose an approach to roof shape recommendations for complex buildings by exploring the inherited characteristics of building footprints: the disclosure of rectangles combinations in a partition of footprints and the symmetrical features of footprints. First, it decomposes a complex footprint into rectangles by using an advanced minimal non-overlapping cover algorithm. Second, a graph-based symmetry detection algorithm is proposed to identify all the symmetrical sub-clusters in partitions. Then, a set of selection rules are defined to rank partitions, and the best ones are chosen for roof shape recommendation. Finally, a set of combination rules and a symmetry rule are defined. It enables to evaluate the probability of a footprint being a certain combination of roof shapes. Experimental results show the growth of the probability of correctly recommending roof shapes for single rectangles and buildings from a prior probability of 17–45% and from a prior probability of 0.29–14.3%, removing 60% and 93% of the incorrect roof shape options, respectively.  相似文献   

湖南崇阳坪地区沙溪钨矿床地质特征及找矿前景分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孔令兵  吕书君  李永德 《华南地质与矿产》2014,(4):375-382

沙溪钨矿床是近年来在崇阳坪地区新发现的一个产于中华山岩体接触带内的矿床,其资源量有望达大型规模。本文通过大量的野外资料,在现有勘查成果的基础上,对矿床的地质特征、矿化富集规律、找矿标志及找矿前景进行了分析研究,初步认为矿区钨矿化具有分段富集的现象,富集部位与含脉密度增大、云英岩化增强等部位吻合,且从地表浅部向深部,在一定程度上表现出细脉变多、矿化加强的趋势,已发现矿体深部很有可能存在厚大的钨矿体,找矿前景较好。  相似文献   

南方海相页岩气“二元富集”规律——四川盆地及周缘龙马溪组页岩气勘探实践认识   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

郭旭升 《地质学报》2014,88(7):1209-1218

继JY1井龙马溪组页岩测试获得高产工业气流,实现南方海相页岩气的战略突破之后,近期焦石坝地区多口开发井获得高产天然气流,展现出四川盆地海相页岩气勘探的良好前景。通过对四川盆地及周缘多口井的岩性、有机地球化学、岩石矿物含量、物性、储集类型、微观孔隙结构特征、裂缝发育程度、含气量和气井产量、压力等钻探成果及分析测试资料进行深入解剖研究,探索并提出了复杂构造区海相页岩气"二元富集"规律,即:深水陆棚优质泥页岩发育是页岩气"成烃控储"的基础;良好的保存条件是页岩气"成藏控产"的关键。本文对中国南方海相页岩气的高效勘探开发具有重要的借鉴、指导意义。  相似文献   

Liability rules for international trading of greenhouse gas emissions quotas     

《Climate Policy》2013,13(1):85-108

Abstract

To reduce the costs of mitigating greenhouse gas emissions in accordance with the Kyoto protocol, international trades of emissions quotas are allowed. The revenue from the sale of quotas may exceed the sanctions for non-compliance if these penalties are weak or poorly enforced. Under these circumstances emissions trading enables a country to benefit financially through non-compliance. To counter non-compliance due to trading a range of liability proposals have been suggested. Using a simple global model, we analyze the economic and environmental performance of these proposals for the first commitment period. In addition, the proposals are tested for their sensitivity to national circumstances and to market power. We find that penalties are sufficient to deter non-compliance if they are high enough and are effectively enforced. If the non-compliance penalties are weak or poorly enforced, the permanent reserve proposal is best able to ensure compliance by sellers at a cost similar to the competitive market equilibrium. While not sufficient to ensure compliance on their own, eligibility requirements and annual retirement of AAUs equal to actual emissions contribute to compliance at little or no cost. Hence, such provisions could complement other liability proposals.  相似文献   

内蒙古三河铅锌矿床的矿化特征及构造控矿规律     

毕亚强  李永新  陈文科  马虎彪  于超  冯宇  周林  岳雷  杨在京  扈德峰 《地质力学学报》2022,28(1):36-49

以内蒙三河铅锌矿床为研究对象,通过详细的野外和井下地质调研、 勘查资料综合分析、 构造地质测量、矿石和蚀变岩的岩石学和矿物学研究等,对矿区主要的构造类型、产状特征、脉体和蚀变的类型及矿化与断裂构造的关系进行了详细的研究.研究结果表明,矿区矿体主要呈脉状-网脉状产于北西西向断裂构造中.根据矿区断裂-脉体类型-蚀变的关系可...  相似文献   

基于核密度分析与关联规则的天水盆地黄土滑坡规律研究     

胡良柏 《测绘与空间地理信息》2022,45(1):30-32,39

滑坡灾害是天水盆地最严重的地质灾害.本文基于已有的灾害数据,利用GIS叠加分析的结果作为滑坡灾害点的属性特征,与灾害点的核密度分析结果建立关联规则,找出高风险滑坡区域与相关属性特征的关联关系.结果表明:天水盆地的滑坡灾害与降水条件、地层岩性以及地形坡度有较强的关联关系.  相似文献   

An extended cellular automaton using case‐based reasoning for simulating urban development in a large complex region     

Xia Li  Xiaoping Liu 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(10):1109-1136

Rule‐based cellular automata (CA) have been increasingly applied to the simulation of geographical phenomena, such as urban evolution and land‐use changes. However, these models have difficulties and uncertainties in soliciting transition rules for a large complex region. This paper presents an extended cellular automaton in which transition rules are represented by using case‐based reasoning (CBR) techniques. The common k‐NN algorithm of CBR has been modified to incorporate the location factor to reflect the spatial variation of transition rules. Multi‐temporal remote‐sensing images are used to obtain the adaptation knowledge in the temporal dimension. This model has been applied to the simulation of urban development in the Pearl River Delta which has a hierarchy of cities. Comparison indicates that this model can produce more plausible results than rule‐based CA in simulating this large complex region in 1988–2002.  相似文献   

翡翠中共生矿物含量对翡翠定名的影响     

韩辰婧  王雅玫  刘洋 《地质科学译丛》2013,(1):28-36

目前翡翠市场上出现了越来越多含共生矿物的翡翠品种,给翡翠定名带来了一定的困难。针对这一问题,选取了具有代表性的原石样品进行了研究。研究方法包括实测样品的相对密度,X嘣线粉末衍射（XRD）物相量化分析,以及利用红外光谱观察共生矿物出现的机率。根据所含的共生矿物种类,翡翠可分为两类,一类为含钠长石的样品,另一类为含霞石和角闪石的样品。在反射光下,钠长石为透明玻璃状,而霞石呈磨砂玻璃状。基于上述鉴别特征,即可区分出钠长石和霞石。两类样品的相对密度都随共生矿物含量的增加逐渐降低,而理论密度值与实际测试密度值略有不同。结合上述研究结果以及岩石学命名规则,笔者探讨并提出了一套关于含共生矿物翡翠的命名规则。  相似文献   

小兴安岭翠宏山地区矽卡岩型铁多金属矿成矿特征及区域预测          下载免费PDF全文

张东才  董秋花  刁萍 《江苏地质》2013,37(3):444-450

小兴安岭是黑龙江中部重要的多金属成矿区带,成矿潜力巨大。通过对翠宏山铁多金属典型矿床的研究,建立了区域预测概念模型,总结了该区铁多金属矿的控矿规律,确定了预测要素。在此基础上运用MRAS软件,圈定了3个最小预测区,并对预测区进行了地质评述,认为翠宏山铁多金属矿外围仍是寻找矽卡岩型铁多金属矿较为有利的地区。  相似文献   

土钉加固黏性土坡加载的离心模型试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曹洁  张嘎  王丽萍 《岩土力学》2012,33(6):1696-1702

进行了不同坡度土钉加固边坡坡顶加载的离心模型试验,观测了土坡的破坏过程并测量土坡的位移场,研究了土钉加固黏性土坡的承载力、变形和破坏规律以及坡角对其破坏规律的影响。试验结果表明,坡顶荷载的增加引起土坡变形的增加,变形的集中产生和发展导致滑裂面的形成并使土坡发生破坏。土钉变形规律受加载阶段和加载底板的综合影响,坡顶荷载越大,接近坡顶的土钉弯曲挠度越大,钉土间的相互作用越强。土坡的坡角越大,承载力越低,土体呈现出更显著的向坡面位移的趋势。  相似文献