SLOPE INSTABILITY HAZARDS IN GRANITES OF THE LESSER HIMALAYAN EXAMPLE OF THE PALUNG GRANITE OF CENTRAL NEPAL     

I.R.Humagain  et al 《地学前缘》2000,(Z1)

Granites are hard and sound rock at relatively fresh or unweathered condition. Steep rocky slopes are the characteristic features in the area occupied by granites of the Lesser Himalaya including Kathmandu nappe. Almost vertical to sometimes overhanging slopes in granites look stable in dry season, but the steeper slopes in the areas occupied by granitic rocks are metastable to unstable. The instabilities are related to: variation in texture and mineral composition of granite, nature and intensity of weathering (mechanical and chemical), altitude of the area, orientation of natural slope with reference to the predominant joint sets, quality of rock mass, stress release and activity of subsurface water during monsoon. The study is supposed to be an example for the study of the slope instabilities in the other part of the Himalaya occupied by granitic bodies.  相似文献   

MAIN CENTRAL THRUST ZONE IN THE KATHMANDU AREA, CENTRAL NEPAL, AND ITS TECTONIC SIGNIFICANCE     

Kazunori Arita  Akira Takasu  Megh Raj Dhital  Kamal Raj Regmi    Lalu Prasad Paudel WT  ”BX 《地学前缘》2000,(Z1)

MAIN CENTRAL THRUST ZONE IN THE KATHMANDU AREA, CENTRAL NEPAL, AND ITS TECTONIC SIGNIFICANCE1　AritaK ,LallmeyerRD ,TakasuA .TectonothermalevolutionoftheLesserHimalaya ,Nepal:constraintsfrom 4 0 Ar/3 9AragesfromtheKathmandunappe[J].TheIslandArc ,1997,6 :372～ 384. 2　RaiSM ,GuillotS ,LeFortP ,etal.Pressure temperatureevolutionintheKathmanduandGosainkundregions ,CentralNepal[J].JourAsianEarthSci ,1998,16 :2 83～ 2 98. 3　SchellingD ,KArita .…  相似文献   

基于GPS TEC的尼泊尔M_W7.8地震同震电离层扰动研究     

马玉  祝芙英 《大地测量与地球动力学》2020,40(9):957-961

基于GPS数据对2015年尼泊尔MW7.8地震引起的同震电离层扰动进行统计与FFT频谱分析,探究地震电离层TEC扰动传播的时空特性。结果表明,震后5 min起出现明显的TEC扰动异常现象,持续时间超过6 min,呈现增大-减小-增大的变化趋势;扰动由震中向东、东北等方向传播,速率分别为2 336.36 m/s和455.52~937.64 m/s;扰动的中心频率为3~7 mHz,符合瑞利波与声波引发的扰动频段。  相似文献   

Digital terrain modelling using Corona and ALOS PRISM data to investigate the distal part of Imja Glacier, Khumbu Himal, Nepal   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

LAMSAL Damodar  SAWAGAKI Takanobu  WATANABE Teiji 《山地科学学报》2011,8(3):390-402

This study used Corona KH-4A and Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) PRISM images to generate digital terrain models (DTMs) of the distal part of Imja Glacier,where a few supraglacial ponds (～0.07 km 2) expanded into the large Imja Glacier Lake (Imja Tsho,～0.91 km 2) between 1964 and 2006.DTMs and subsequently derived topographical maps with contour intervals of 1 m were created from the high-resolution images (Corona in 1964 and ALOS in 2006) in the Leica Photogrammetric Suite (LPS) platform.The DTMs and topographic maps provided excellent representation of the elevation and micro-topography of the glacier surface,such as its supra-glacial ponds/lake,surface depressions,and moraine ridges,with an error of about +/-4 m (maximum).The DTMs produced from the Corona and ALOS PRISM images are suitable for use in studies of the surface change of glaciers.The topographical maps produced from the Corona data (1964) showed that part of the dead ice in the down-glacier area was even higher than the top of the lateral moraine ridges,while the glacier surface in the up-glacier area was noticeably lower than the moraine crests.This suggests more extensive melting of glacier ice in the up-glacier area before 1964.The average lowering of the glacier surface from 1964 to 2006 was 16.9 m for the dead-ice area west of the lake and 47.4 m for the glacier surface east of the lake;between 1964 and 2002,the lake surface lowered by 82.3 m.These figures represent average lowering rates of 0.4,1.1,and 2.2 m/year for the respective areas.  相似文献   

Determinants of household food security in Nepal: A binary logistic regression analysis     

Keshav Lall MAHARJAN  Niraj Prakash JOSHI 《山地科学学报》2011,8(3):403-413

The study reveals that 10.2% of the sampled households in Nepal suffer from chronic food insecurity,i.e.,neither are they able to produce sufficient food from their farms nor earn the food security threshold income for deficit months.With the highest and the lowest exponential value of coefficient obtained from binary logistic regression model,it is concluded that any program targeting occupational caste and small landholding farm category or landless will contribute significantly to reduce food-insecurity....  相似文献   

Climatic response of Quaternary alluvial deposits in the upper Kali Gandaki valley (West Nepal)     

Katrin Monecke  Jutta Winsemann  Jrg Hanisch 《Global and Planetary Change》2001,28(1-4)

The terraces at the confluence of Kali Gandaki and Miristi Khola (West Nepal) consist of coarse-grained deposits which are considered to be Late Pleistocene to Holocene in age. The stacking pattern of lithofacies is characterised by an alternation of fluvial and debris flow deposits. These periodic changes in sedimentation processes are attributed to climatic variations.Deposits of extended, highly mobile, braided rivers most probably developed under glacial conditions and reflect high sediment supply and high water discharge rates. Deposits of small, only moderately braided river systems evolved during a warmer climate with comparatively low sediment supply and water discharge rates. The mobilisation and redeposition of morainic material by enormous debris flows predominately occurred at the beginning of a warm period and was triggered by earthquakes, glacier lake outburst floods or strong monsoonal rain.  相似文献   

Does outmigration lead to land degradation? Labour shortage and land management in a western Nepal watershed     

《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2015

In Nepal, changing demographic patterns are leading to changes in land use. The high level of outmigration of men in the hills of Kaski District, Western Development Region of Nepal, is affecting the household structure but also land management. Land is often abandoned, as the burden on those left behind is too high. How do these developments affect the state of the land in terms of land degradation? To find out, we studied land degradation, land abandonment caused by outmigration, and existing sustainable land management practices in a subwatershed in Kaski District. Mapping was done using the methodology of the World Overview of Conservation Approaches and Technologies (WOCAT). While previous studies expected land abandonment to exacerbate slope erosion, we demonstrate in this paper that it is in fact leading to an increase in vegetation cover due to favourable conditions for ecosystem recovery. However, negative impacts are several, including the increase of invasive species harmful to livestock and a decline in soil fertility. Traditional land management practices such as terraces and forest management exist. To date, however, these measures fail to take account of the changing population dynamics in the region, making the question of how migration and land degradation are linked worth revisiting.  相似文献   

2015-04-25尼泊尔M8.1地震震害特征     

蔡永建  郑水明  吴建超 《大地测量与地球动力学》2015,35(4):557-560

2015-04-25尼泊尔M8.1级地震造成我国西藏日喀则地区10个县的房屋设施不同程度地破坏,最大影响烈度为IX度。灾区调查发现,土木和石木等简易结构房屋普遍破坏,砖混和框架结构房屋破坏较轻。受场地条件影响,沿雅鲁藏布江破坏比其他地区较普遍。极震区滑坡、崩塌等地震地质灾害造成的人员伤亡和财产损失比地震动直接造成的损失更大。  相似文献   

Combining Geomatics and Conventional Methods for Monitoring Forest Conditions under Different Governance Arrangements     

Ambika P. Gautam 《山地科学学报》2006,3(4):325-333

Introduction Assessment and systematic resource condition monitoring are essential components of long-term planning and management of forest resources. These requirements can be fulfilled using different methods and techniques. Traditionally, when the primary objective of forest management was tim- ber production, sample-based forest inventories were the sole method of determining forest condi- tions. Aerial photographs were frequently used for forest cover mapping during the third quarter of …  相似文献   

Climate change on the southern slope of Mt. Qomolangma （Everest） Region in Nepal since 1971   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

祁威  张镱锂  高俊刚  杨续超  刘林山  Narendra R.KHANAL 《地理学报(英文版)》2013,23(4):595-611

Based on monthly mean, maximum, and minimum air temperature and monthly mean precipitation data from 10 meteorological stations on the southern slope of the Mt. Qomolangma region in Nepal between 1971 and 2009, the spatial and temporal characteristics of climatic change in this region were analyzed using climatic linear trend, Sen＇s Slope Estimates and Mann-Kendall Test analysis methods. This paper focuses only on the southern slope and attempts to compare the results with those from the northern slope to clarify the characteristics and trends of climatic change in the Mt. Qomolangma region. The results showed that： （1） between 1971 and 2009, the annual mean temperature in the study area was 20.0℃, the rising rate of annual mean temperature was 0.25℃/10a, and the temperature increases were highly influenced by the maximum temperature in this region. On the other hand, the temperature increases on the northern slope of Mt. Qomolangma region were highly influenced by the minimum temperature. In 1974 and 1992, the temperature rose noticeably in February and September in the southern region when the increment passed 0.9℃. （2） Precipitation had an asymmetric distribution; between 1971 and 2009, the annual precipitation was 1729.01 mm. In this region, precipitation showed an increasing trend of 4.27 mm/a, but this was not statistically significant. In addition, the increase in rainfall was mainly concentrated in the period from April to October, including the entire monsoon period （from June to September） when precipitation accounts for about 78.9% of the annual total. （3） The influence of altitude on climate warming was not clear in the southern region, whereas the trend of climate warming was obvious on the northern slope of Mt. Qomolangma. The annual mean precipitation in the southern region was much higher than that of the northern slope of the Mt. Qomolangma region. This shows the barrier effect of the Himalayas as a whole and Mt. Qomolangma in particular.  相似文献