东海海域典型赤潮水体反射光谱模拟研究     

何烁  楼绣林  史爱琴  厉冬玲  王隽  张华国 《海洋与湖沼》2019,50(3):525-531

东海原甲藻(Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu)是我国东海海域的典型赤潮藻种,其在水体中通常呈垂直非均匀分布,并存在季节性和日内的垂直迁移现象。本文通过量化垂直迁移过程中东海原甲藻的分布状态,利用Hydrolight软件数值模拟各状态下的水体反射光谱,研究其光谱特征和变化规律。利用叶绿素浓度高斯垂向模型表征东海原甲藻在水体中的垂直分布,结合东海近岸海域二类水体的生物光学模型,模拟得到垂直迁移过程中东海原甲藻赤潮水体的反射光谱。对比分析叶绿素浓度垂向分布参数(背景叶绿素浓度、甲藻主体水层厚度、水体总生物量和叶绿素浓度峰值深度)对水体反射光谱的影响。研究结果表明,在东海原甲藻从次表层向表层垂直向上迁移过程中,水体反射光谱数值在蓝绿波段(400—570nm)减小,在黄红波段(570—720nm)增大,特别是在叶绿素荧光效应波段(680nm)处的变化尤为明显。  相似文献   

米氏凯伦藻和东海原甲藻生长的光照强度生态幅研究     

文世勇  林雨霏  王紫竹  孙田力  李飞  石晓勇  刘永健  赵建华 《海洋与湖沼》2019,50(3):664-671

藻类生长的光照生态辐是指在一定光照强度范围内藻类能生长和繁殖的水平范围,由藻类生长的最适光照强度、光照强度适宜生长范围和光照强度耐受限度构成。为了定量获取藻类生长的光照生态幅,在室内培养条件下,分别研究了三个温度（18、22、25℃）条件下六个不同光照强度[28.32、55.15、75.06、96.59、111.66和135.75μmol/（m²·s）]对米氏凯伦藻和东海原甲藻细胞数和最大比生长率的影响,依据Shelford耐受性定律建立了米氏凯伦藻和东海原甲藻的光照耐受性模型,并得到了藻类生长的最适光强、光强适宜生长范围和光强耐受限度的定量表达。结果表明：无论是米氏凯伦藻还是东海原甲藻,在同一温度条件下,在实验设定的光照强度水平范围内,均分别存在一个适宜藻类生长的最适光强I_opt,且当光强I ≤ I_opt时,藻类细胞密度和比生长率均随着光强的升高而显著增大;而当I ≥ I_opt时,藻类细胞密度和比生长率随着光强的升高而显著减小。此外,随着培养温度的升高,藻类细胞密度和比生长率均呈现"先升后降"的变化趋势。建立的藻类生长光照耐受性模型与Shelford耐受定律较为吻合,并定量得到了米氏凯伦藻在18、22、25℃下的最适生长光强分别为81.48、80.15、79.27μmol/（m²·s）;光强适宜生长范围分别为33.11-162.96、32.57-160.3、32.03-158.54μmol/（m²·s）;东海原甲藻在18、22、25℃下的最适生长光强分别为79.39、78.19、76.69μmol/（m²·s）;光强适宜生长范围分别为31.89-158.78、31.77-156.38、31.18-153.38μmol/（m²·s）。  相似文献   

剧毒卡尔藻与东海原甲藻间的化感作用研究     

王蕊  黄文雯  吴佳俊  陈荔  王江涛 《海洋与湖沼》2019,50(4):858-863

为研究剧毒卡尔藻(Karlodinium veneficum)与东海原甲藻(Prorocentrum donghaiense)之间的化感作用,在f/2营养盐条件下,分别采用了混合培养及滤液培养的方法。结果表明:剧毒卡尔藻指数生长后期的无藻细胞滤液明显抑制了东海原甲藻的生长,而东海原甲藻滤液对剧毒卡尔藻的生长几乎无影响,化感作用作为重要的影响因素使剧毒卡尔藻获得竞争优势。将剧毒卡尔藻指数生长末期的无藻细胞滤液置于固相萃取(SPE) C18小柱,经吸附、不同比例的甲醇溶液洗脱,考察不同洗脱部分对东海原甲藻生长的影响,发现80%的甲醇洗脱部分明显抑制了东海原甲藻的生长。本研究为了解剧毒卡尔藻的竞争机制提供了重要的科学依据,今后将重点分析剧毒卡尔藻释放的有效抑制东海原甲藻生长的化感物质。  相似文献   

Three-dimensional fluorescence characteristics of dissolved organic matter produced by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Prorocentrum donghaiense</Emphasis> Lu     

赵卫红  王江涛  陈玫玫 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(3):564-569

Filtration and cross-flow ultrafiltration techniques were used to separate culture media of Prorocentrum donghaiense at the exponential growth,stationary and decline stages into <0.45 μm filtrate,100 kDa-0.45 μm,10-100 kDa and 1-10 kDa retentate and <1 kDa ultrafiltrate fractions.The fluorescence properties of different molecular weights of dissolved organic matter(DOM) were measured by excitation-emission matrix spectra.Protein-like and humic-like fluorophores were observed in the DOM produced by P.donghai...  相似文献   

Experimental Study on the Interspecific Interactions Between the Two Bloom-Forming Algal Species and the Rotifer Brachionusplicatilis     

XIE Zhihao  XIAO Hui  TANG Xuexi  CAI Hengjiang 《青岛海洋大学学报(英文版)》2009,(2):203-208

The interspecific interactions between the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis and two harmful algal blooms （HAB） species were investigated experimentally by single culture method. B. plicatilis population and the growth of the two algae were compared at different algal cell densities. The results demonstrated that the B. plicatilis obtained sufficient nutrition from Prorocentrum donghaiense to support net population increase. With exposure to 2.5×10^4 cells mL^-1 of P. donghaiense, the number of B. plicatilis increased faster than it did when exposed to other four algal densities （5, 10, 15 and 20 × 10^4 cells mL^-1）, and the increase rate of B. plicatilis population （r） at this algal density was 0.104 ± 0.015 rd^-1. Cell densities of P. donghaiense decreased due to the grazing of B plicatilis. In contrast, Heterosigma akashiwo had an adverse effect on B. plicatilis population and its growth was largely unaffected by rotifer grazing. In this case, B. plicatilis population decreased and H. akashiwo grew at a rate similar to that of the control.  相似文献   

Experimental Study on the Interspecific Interactions Between the Two Bloom-Forming Algal Species and the Rotifer Brachionus plicatilis     

XIE Zhihao）  ）  XIAO Hui）  TANG Xuexi）    CAI Hengjiang） ） Marine Ecology Laboratory  Ocean University of China  Qingdao  P. R. China ） Faculty of Life Science  Biotechnology  Ningbo University  Ningbo  P. R. China 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2009,8(2)

The interspecific interactions between the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis and two harmful algal blooms(HAB) species were investigated experimentally by single culture method. B. plicatilis population and the growth of the two algae were compared at different algal cell densities. The results demonstrated that the B. plicatilis obtained sufficient nutrition from Prorocentrum donghaiense to support net population increase. With exposure to 2.5×104 cells mL-1 of P. donghaiense,the number of B. plicatilis increa...  相似文献   

东海原甲藻线粒体细胞色素b(Cytb)基因的定量检测   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

赵丽媛  于志刚  甄毓  米铁柱 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2009,39(3)

建立了检测东海原甲藻线粒体细胞色素b(Cytb)基因mRNA含量的实时荧光定量PCR方法.以甲藻Cytb基因的简并引物扩增得到984 bp长的东海原甲藻Cytb基因片段,经克隆、测序,制备并纯化质粒.以光度法测定质粒浓度并作为标准品.对上述基因片段,利用PRIMER EXPRESS 3.0 设计引物,以梯度稀释的质粒标准品进行定量PCR反应,以SYBR Green I为荧光染料,制作标准曲线,得到基因拷贝数X与Ct值的关系为:Ct=-3.50 lg X+39.35(相关系数r为0.999).通过对不同生长时期的东海原甲藻样品的Cytb基因mRNA含量检测,发现该基因的表达量较稳定,平均值为(45.4±4.7)拷贝/细胞,受生长状态影响不大,可作为实时荧光定量PCR的内参基因.  相似文献   

海洋原甲藻与三角褐指藻混合培养条件下的种群生长与氮磷营养盐变化   总被引：11，自引：1，他引：11  

周成旭  马斌  汪飞雄  徐斌  严小军 《海洋科学》2006,30(12):58-61

以三角褐指藻(Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohl)和海洋原甲藻(Prorocentrum mi-cans)为实验种研究了硅藻与甲藻在混合培养的环境中其各自的种群密度变化以及相应水体中氮磷营养盐变化。结果显示,在单独培养或与海洋原甲藻共同培养的条件下,三角褐指藻均表现出明显的营养盐吸收优势,种群生长迅速。相对而言,海洋原甲藻对营养盐的吸收速率明显较低,而且在与三角褐指藻共同培养的水体中一直处于竞争劣势;但有海洋原甲藻存在的水体中,三角褐指藻较单独培养时具有更高的生长速率和高的生物量,海洋原甲藻的存在可能促进三角褐指藻的生长。  相似文献   

Production of dimethylsulfide and acrylic acid from dimethylsulfoniopropionate during growth of three marine microalgae     

刘春颖  高彩霞  张海波  陈烁  邓平  岳新安  郭肖依 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(6):1270-1279

We measured the concentrations of dimethylsulfide （DMS）, acrylic acid （AA）, and dimethylsulfoniopropionate （DMSP） during growth of three microalgae： Prorocentrum micans, Gephyrocapsa oceanica, and Platymonas subcordiformis. The DMSP, AA, and DMS concentrations in culture media varied significantly among algal growth stages, with the highest concentrations in the late stationary growth stage or the senescent stage. In the stationary growth stage, the average DMSP concentration per cell in P. micans （0.066 5 pmol/cell） was 1.3 times that in G. oceanica （0.049 5 pmol/ cell） and 20.2 times that in P. subcordiformis （0.003 29 pmol/cell）. The average concentrations of AA were 0.044 6, 0.026 9, and 0.003 05 pmol/cell in P. micans, G. oceanica, and P. subcordiformis, respectively, higher than the concentrations of DMS （0.272, 0.497, and 0.086 2 fmol/cell, respectively）. There were significant positive correlations between cell density and AA, DMSP, and DMS concentrations. The ratios of DMS/AA and AA/（DMSP＋AA） in the three algae differed significantly over the growth cycle. In all three microalgae, the DMS/AA ratios were less than 25% during the growth period, suggesting that the enzymatic cleavage pathway, which generates DMS, was not the main DMSP degradation pathway. The changes in the DMS/AA ratio indicated that there was a higher rate of enzymatic breakdown of DMSP in the early growth period and a lower rate during senescence. In all three microalgae, the AA/（DMSP＋AA） ratio （degradation ratio of DMSP） decreased during the exponential growth phase, and then increased. The variations in these ratios can approximately indicate the cleavage mechanism of DMSP at different stages of algal growth.  相似文献   

有害藻华治理过程中改性粘土对仿刺参(Apostichopus japonicas Selenka)稚参的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王志富  俞志明  宋秀贤  曹西华  刘楷 《海洋与湖沼》2014,45(2):233-238

本文以仿刺参(Apostichopus japonicas Selenka)稚参为实验对象,研究了改性黏土治理有害藻华技术对仿刺参稚参的影响。96h急性毒性试验结果表明,改性黏土对仿刺参稚参的半致死浓度(LC50)为6.01g/L;安全浓度为0.601g/L,高于在现场时的使用浓度0.1g/L;慢性毒性试验显示改性黏土对仿刺参稚参成活率和体重增长率无明显影响;不同浓度的改性黏土添加组中,发现仿刺参稚参的体壁组分(水分、灰分、总糖、总脂和粗蛋白)含量变化不大,改性黏土的加入对减少仿刺参稚参的种内竞争有一定积极作用。另外,针对仿刺参稚参食用包括改性黏土在内的底层颗粒物的现象,考察了不同实验组仿刺参稚参体壁中铝的含量,分析结果显示各实验组与对照组没有显著差异。在此基础上,考察了改性黏土有效去除有害藻华的体系中仿刺参稚参的生长情况,发现与对照组相比,改性黏土有效地去除了有害藻华,还明显降低了仿刺参稚参的死亡率。因此,改性黏土是一种有效治理仿刺参养殖水体有害藻华、对养殖生物无负面影响的藻华治理技术。  相似文献