我国东南部地形对降水量分布的气候影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

庞茂鑫  斯公望 《热带气象学报》1993,9(4):370-374

利用１９５１－１９８０年地面测站网的年、月平均降水量资料，分析出我国东南部地区的地形对降水量分布存在着气候影响。其影响表现在浙闽山区的东西两侧山坡各有一条多雨带，南岭南北两侧山坡附近各有一个多雨区。从这些多雨带和多雨区出现的季节清楚地呈出出地形的向风坡在多雨带和多雨区形成中的作用。指出这些多雨带和多雨区是由地形对降水天气系统影响产生的向风坡多雨带。  相似文献   

The 6 h climatology of thunderstorms and rainfalls in the Friuli Venezia Giulia Plain     

Agostino Manzato   《Atmospheric Research》2007,83(2-4):336-348

Friuli Venezia Giulia is a region located in the North-Eastern part of Italy. It has the Adriatic Sea (Gulf of Trieste) on the South and the Julian and Carnic Alps surrounding it on the North. For these geographical properties thunderstorms and precipitations are common events in the plain of this region.The climatology of thunderstorms and rainfalls, considering 6 h interval periods, is studied in this work. It is shown how the thunderstorm frequency, based on the recording of at least three lightning strikes during the 6 h period, is 16%. The occurrence frequency of at least 1 mm of rain accumulated in 6 h is 24%, while that of at least 5 mm in 6 h is 14%.The daily and monthly distributions of these events are then stratified in three classes, based on their “intensity” (weak, medium and strong), and the different behaviors are analysed. Finally, an explanation for the main monthly rain frequency is sought by looking at only two sounding-derived indices and in particular at their annual cycles. The two indices (related to the potential instability and to the water vapour flux) attempt to summarize the “convective” and “flux” mechanisms for producing rain. It is found that in some particular periods of the year the rain-originating process seems well identifiable, while in many others the two processes seem to be concomitant.  相似文献   

贵阳市SO2雨水清除系数的研究     

赵彩  李启泰 《高原气象》2001,20(1)

提出了一种利用SO2 空中和雨水采样资料和气象资料、云物理探测资料等计算云下SO2 降水清除系数的方法 ,计算了贵阳市冬、夏季不同雨强下的SO2 降水清除系数kw,并将所得结果实际用于城市SO2 浓度的数值计算。结果表明 ,这一方法所得结果与实际情况相当一致  相似文献   

2000-09-24郑州暴雨过程物理量演变特征     

林丽  张霞  阎惠芳 《河南气象》2001,(3)

利用郑州实时探空资料 ,分析了 2 0 0 0年 9月 2 4日本区暴雨发生前郑州站物理量演变特征 ,为秋季暴雨预报提供了思路和线索  相似文献   

濮阳市汛期特旱、特涝异常年趋势预测方法     

杜瑞莉 《河南气象》2003,(1):9-10

通过计算旱涝指数，科学、客观地定出大早大涝年。通过对太阳活动、ENS0现象、大气环流与濮阳汛期早涝的相关分析，筛选出相关因子，建立了汛期特旱、特涝异常年及排除特旱、特涝年后的一般降水趋势3重预报方程。方程对特旱年的预报概括率100％，对特涝年的概括率86％，一般降水趋势预报准确率88％。  相似文献   

不同天气系统宁夏夏季降雨谱分布参量特征的观测研究   总被引：22，自引：6，他引：22  

牛生杰  安夏兰  桑建人 《高原气象》2002,21(1):37-44

利用 1982— 1984年 6～ 9月份在 7个气象站 2 0 0次观测获取的 6 0 5 3份滴谱资料 ,分析了宁夏雨滴谱及有关物理量的特征。宁夏地区夏季降水平均雨滴空间浓度数为 2 85个·m-3 ,平均谱可以描述为N(Di) =2 0 9.2exp(- 2 .6 335Di)。文中给出了不同雨强下的平均谱分布及谱参数的演变和影响降水的 3种环流形势下的平均滴谱特征 ,还分别建立了雷达反射率因子Z与雨强、雨滴落地动能通量和雨水含量之间的相关关系。这些资料可用于雷达定量测定降水和区域降水量、水土保持和生态环境建设  相似文献   

旱作春小麦农田蒸散与能量平衡   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

柯晓新  张旭东  彭素琴  杨兴国 《气象学报》1996,54(3):348-356

利用蒸渗计等仪器设备的观测资料，分析了旱作春小麦农田的蒸散耗水状况。得在降水基本正常的年份，农田水分收支基本平衡，农田休闲期蒸发耗水约占期间降水的７０％。旱作小麦的实际蒸散耗水峰值期与小麦生理需水峰值期并不一定吻合。与有灌溉条件的春小麦相比，平均日蒸散量偏小。各生育期的平均叶面积系数与平均日蒸散强度存在较好的线性关系。小麦主要生育期的地表能量平衡分析表明：潜热耗能占主导地位，乳熟－黄熟生育时段以感热、潜热耗能为主的出现几率各为５０％。由于旱作春小麦株冠不能完全覆盖棵间裸地，地表向下的热量传输耗能也占有一定的比重。  相似文献   

Towards combining GPM and MFG observations to monitor near real time heavy precipitation at fine scale over India and nearby oceanic regions     

《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2017

This is the first attempt to merge highly accurate precipitation estimates from Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) with gap free satellite observations from Meteosat to develop a regional rainfall monitoring algorithm to estimate heavy rainfall over India and nearby oceanic regions. Rainfall signature is derived from Meteosat observations and is co-located against rainfall from GPM to establish a relationship between rainfall and signature for various rainy seasons. This relationship can be used to monitor rainfall over India and nearby oceanic regions. Performance of this technique was tested by applying it to monitor heavy precipitation over India. It is reported that our algorithm is able to detect heavy rainfall. It is also reported that present algorithm overestimates rainfall areal spread as compared to rain gauge based rainfall product. This deficiency may arise from various factors including uncertainty caused by use of different sensors from different platforms (difference in viewing geometry from MFG and GPM), poor relationship between warm rain (light rain) and IR brightness temperature, and weak characterization of orographic rain from IR signature. We validated hourly rainfall estimated from the present approach with independent observations from GPM. We also validated daily rainfall from this approach with rain gauge based product from India Meteorological Department (IMD). Present technique shows a Correlation Coefficient (CC) of 0.76, a bias of −2.72 mm, a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 10.82 mm, Probability of Detection (POD) of 0.74, False Alarm Ratio (FAR) of 0.34 and a Skill score of 0.36 with daily rainfall from rain gauge based product of IMD at 0.25° resolution. However, FAR reduces to 0.24 for heavy rainfall events. Validation results with rain gauge observations reveal that present technique outperforms available satellite based rainfall estimates for monitoring heavy rainfall over Indian region.  相似文献   

福建省并非雨热同季     

谢皎如 《台湾海峡》1994,(1)

福建省是个热量和雨量都很丰富的地区。由于受季风的影响，干、雨季分明，年内雨量分布很不均匀，年际变化大。干旱与洪涝是本省最主要的气象灾害。本省雨量与热量的配置很不协调，因此，福建省雨热同季的提法是不确切的。  相似文献   

双重套网格数值模式对一次暴雨系统模拟的比较试验     

马林  温市耕 《气象科学》1995,15(3):219-227

本文以自嵌套方式，将一个有限区域暴雨数值模式编制成单向和双向的套网格模式，同时又将这两个套网格模式分别与Ｔ４２Ｌ９模式进行了单向嵌套。形成了单向，双向两个双重套网格模式。运用这两个模式对１９９１年７月江淮流域的一次特大暴雨过程进行了数值试验。  相似文献