Summer and winter plankton fish assemblages around offshore oil and gas platforms in south-eastern Australia     

Francisco J. Neira 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2005,63(4):72

Opportunistic plankton surveys were conducted within a 5-nmi radius of nine offshore oil and gas platforms in Bass Strait, south-eastern Australia, in February 1998 and 1999 (summer) and August 1998 (winter). The 108 day-night samples collected alongside (vertical tows) and nearby (surface and oblique tows) platforms yielded 1526 larval and early juvenile fishes representing 55 taxa from 45 families. Epipelagic/mesopelagic taxa dominated the catches, whereas hard/soft habitat-associated taxa were uncommon. Carangidae (36.2%) and Myctophidae (31.5%) dominated in summer and winter, respectively. The most abundant taxon was Trachurus declivis (Carangidae, 35.1%), followed by Bovichtus angustifrons (Bovichtidae, 8.7%), Scomberesox saurus (Scomberesocidae, 3.7%), Centroberyx affinis (Berycidae, 3.0%) and Arripis trutta (Arripidae, 1.7%). Fish concentrations (nos. per 100 m³) alongside platforms did not differ significantly between day and night across all surveys. Likewise, concentrations nearby platforms in February 1999, including those of T. declivis, did not vary significantly by tow type (surface vs. oblique) or day vs. night. The far greater diversity and abundance recorded in February 1999 are likely the result of upwelling conditions over the eastern Bass Strait shelf during the sampling period, and which were not detected in February 1998. In the absence of data on adult fishes associated with the Bass Strait platforms, and given the limited availability of reefs directly around the area, it could be argued that some of the taxa caught may originate from spawning around neighboring natural reefs, particularly those off the Gippsland coastline and the south-east corner of mainland Australia. However, the prime position of the platforms almost right in the center of a productivity “hotspot” would have a confounding effect on the potential source(s) of larval fishes in that region of south-eastern Australia. The role of platforms as potential de-facto reefs for juvenile fishes in Bass Strait, as well as spawning areas, is discussed based on the findings of this study, the first on early stages of fishes around oil and gas platforms in Australia.  相似文献   

Relationships between sea surface temperature, salinity, and pelagic fish distribution off northern Chile   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Castillo  J.; Barbieri  M. A.; Gonzalez  A. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1996,53(2):139-146

  相似文献   

几种鲈形目鱼类口腔齿的比较研究     

余云军  武云飞 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2004,34(1):29-36

对中国海洋大学鱼类标本室保存的部分鲈形目鱼类——鲷科 Sparidae,大眼鲷科 Priacan-thidae,科 Serranidae的几种鱼类的口腔齿进行了研究。结果显示 :科与大眼鲷科的前颌骨、齿骨、犁骨、腭骨、咽骨上都着生有形态较单一的口腔齿 ,但较小 ,不是很坚固 ;而鲷科的几种鱼类口腔齿都着生在前颌骨、齿骨、咽骨上 ,且较强硬 ,形态较多样 ,特别发达。本研究为 3种鱼类的进化关系提供了某些佐证。  相似文献   

真鲷仔,稚,幼鱼期消化酶活性的变化   总被引：17，自引：4，他引：17  

陈品健  王重刚 《台湾海峡》1997,16(3):245-248

本文研究了真鲷仔，稚，幼鱼不同发育期三种消化酶活性的变化，结果表明，蛋白酶活性两个极低点分别出现在受精后５日龄和２５日龄，２５－４４日龄蛋白酶活性上升明显，之后活性上升稍缓；淀粉酶从受精后到５日龄活性急剧下降，５－４４日龄变化很小，４５日龄后活性略有提高；脂肪酶活性从受精后至５日有所提高，４０日龄活性到最低点，之后上升较快。  相似文献   

中国鱼类名录Ⅸ——Yu亚目、马Ba亚目、鲈亚目（部分）   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李明德  罗阳等 《海洋通报》2003,22(2):69-75

Yu亚目1科1属11种，马Ba亚目1科2属5种。鲈亚目（部分）记述23科。  相似文献   

中国多金属结核开辟区仔稚鱼的分布特征     

王春生  何宗玉  何德华  高爱根  杨俊毅 《海洋学研究》2002,20(2):31-39

利用 1 997年～ 1 999年“大洋一号”调查船在中国多金属结核开辟区用邦哥网所采集的样品 ,对仔稚鱼的种类组成、密度的平面分布和年间变化及其与环境因子的关系进行了研究。结果表明 :中国开辟区共有 2 2科 6 1种仔稚鱼 ,其中大洋性发光鱼类灯笼鱼科的种类最多 ,达1 7种 ,约占总种类数的 2 8% ,其次是钻光鱼科 (6种 )、金枪鱼科 (6种 )和拟白鲑科 (5种 ) ,分别约占总种类数的 1 0 %、 1 0 %和 8%。东、西两区的种类组成有较大的差异 ,共有种仅为 1 7种 ,东区种类数 (48种 )明显多于西区种类数 (3 0种 )。仔稚鱼的密度有明显的空间和时间变化 ,东区仔稚鱼的密度高于西区 ,东区 1 999年仔稚鱼的密度约为 1 997年的 5倍 ,西区 1 999年仔稚鱼的密度约为 1 998年的 3倍。仔稚鱼密度的年间变化可能与 El Nino事件有关  相似文献   

闽东北外海渔场捕捞中上层鱼类的渔具,渔法研究     

王芳灿 《台湾海峡》1995,14(4):413-417

本文分析了闽东北外海渔场资源特点，并就不同类型的拖网、围网渔具的适渔性对比试验进行了研究，认为以主机功率330.75kw及以上的拖网渔船，使用四片式疏目拖网和以主机功率183．75kw及以上的围网渔船，使用250m×150m的无囊灯光围网，于春、夏汛时在该渔场100m等深线附近海域能较有效地捕捞鲐鲹等中上层鱼类。  相似文献   

In two waters: contemporary evolution of lagoonal and marine white seabream (Diplodus sargus) populations     

Mercedes González-Wangüemert  Ángel Pérez-Ruzafa 《Marine Ecology》2012,33(3):337-349

Brackish water ecosystems are often exposed to wide variations in environmental variables, including temperature and salinity, which may cause strong selective pressures on organisms modifying the genetic patterns of species. The aim of this work was to test whether there is a ‘divergence-with-gene flow’ in coastal lagoon populations of white seabream (Diplodus sargus) (Ria Formosa, S Portugal and Mar Menor, SE Spain) respect to four marine populations, by using partial sequences of cyt b mitochondrial gene and information from nine microsatellite loci. Genetic diversity was highest in both coastal lagoons (Mar Menor and Ria Formosa) considering mitochondrial and nuclear markers. Although some of F_ST population pairwise comparisons were not significant, analyses of molecular variance (AMOVAs) detected differences between groups (coastal lagoon and marine) close to significance. Also, only two haplotypes (Cytb-17 and Cytb-18) were detected in both coastal lagoon sampling sites and these localities (Mar Menor and Ria Formosa) showed the highest number of singletons, some of them with a high number of mutations, as has been already described for other Mar Menor populations (Pomatochistus marmoratus and Holothuria polii). Also, several tests detected significant positive and balancing selection considering mtDNA and microsatellite data. These data support the hypothesis of selection as one of the drivers of the genetic differences found between coastal lagoon and marine populations. The life strategy adopted by Diplodus sargus in coastal lagoons allows it to decrease its mortality rate and improve the heritability of its genes. Also, the increase time spent in coastal lagoons with different temperatures and salinities favours the fitness selection and the maintenance of exclusive haplotypes and genotypes in coastal lagoon inhabitants favouring the ‘divergence-with-gene-flow’.  相似文献   

基于线粒体COI基因序列的中国鲷科鱼类系统进化关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈咏霞  吴仁协  梁娜  刘静 《海洋与湖沼》2015,46(3):611-619

采用PCR特异性扩增了采集于中国沿海的鲷科5属11种鱼类的线粒体COI基因序列,并结合Gen Bank已有的同源序列,对中国鲷科6属12种鱼类的分子系统进化关系进行研究。结果表明,中国鲷科6属12种鱼类的COI基因序列的平均碱基组成为T 30.4%、C 27.7%、A 23.5%、G 18.4%;属间Kimura双参数平均遗传距离为9.5%—19.7%,种间平均遗传距离为2.2%—21.8%,其中四长棘鲷属、赤鲷属和犁齿鲷属间的遗传距离(8.2%—13.8%)接近于棘鲷属多数种间遗传距离(6.5%—12.2%);分子系统树显示中国鲷科鱼类分为两大类群,类群I包括四长棘鲷属、犁齿鲷属、赤鲷属、牙鲷属等红体色种类,类群Ⅱ含平鲷属、棘鲷属等银灰体色种类,其中棘鲷属的冲绳棘鲷和黄鳍棘鲷先聚为姐妹群,澳洲棘鲷、黑棘鲷、灰鳍棘鲷和台湾棘鲷聚为另一支。本文结合已有研究结果得出:中国鲷科鱼类属间是先按体色、后按牙齿分化的,四长棘鲷属、犁齿鲷属和赤鲷属有相当密切的亲缘关系;中国棘鲷属是一个有共同祖先的单系群,属内存在两个平行进化的分支,两分支的种间关系具有明显的分化。  相似文献   

Skin toxins in coral‐associated Gobiodon species (Teleostei: Gobiidae) affect predator preference and prey survival          下载免费PDF全文

Barbara Gratzer  Eva Millesi  Manfred Walzl  Juergen Herler 《Marine Ecology》2015,36(1):67-76

Predation risk is high for the many small coral reef fishes, requiring successful sheltering or other predator defence mechanisms. Coral‐dwelling gobies of the genus Gobiodon live in close association with scleractinian corals of the genus Acropora. Earlier studies indicated that the low movement frequency of adult fishes and the development of skin toxins (crinotoxicity) are predation avoidance mechanisms. Although past experiments showed that predators refuse food prepared with goby skin mucus, direct predator–prey interactions have not been studied. The present study compares the toxicity levels of two crinotoxic coral gobies – Gobiodon histrio, representative of a conspicuously coloured species, and Gobiodon sp.3 with cryptic coloration – using a standard bioassay method. The results show that toxin levels of both species differ significantly shortly after mucus release but become similar over time. Predator preferences were tested experimentally in an aquarium in which the two gobies and a juvenile damselfish Chromis viridis were exposed to the small grouper Epinephelus fasciatus. Video‐analysis revealed that although coral gobies are potential prey, E. fasciatus clearly preferred the non‐toxic control fish (C. viridis) over Gobiodon. When targeting a goby, the predator did not prefer one species over the other. Contrary to our expectations that toxic gobies are generally avoided, gobies were often captured, but they were expelled quickly, repeatedly and alive. This unusual post‐capture avoidance confirms that these gobies have a very good chance of surviving attacks in the field due to their skin toxins. Nonetheless, some gobies were consumed: the coral shelter may therefore also provide additional protection, with toxins protecting them mainly during movement between corals. In summary, chemical deterrence by crinotoxic fishes seems to be far more efficient in predation avoidance than in physical deterrence involving body squamation and/or strong fin spines.  相似文献