Temporal partitioning of microhabitat use among four juvenile fish species of the genus Diplodus (Pisces: Perciformes,Sparidae)          下载免费PDF全文

Daniele Ventura  Giovanna Jona Lasinio  Giandomenico Ardizzone 《Marine Ecology》2015,36(4):1013-1032

Timing, microhabitat selection and behavior from the onset of settlement to recruitment to the adult population of juvenile fishes of the genus Diplodus (Pisces: Sparidae) were investigated along a rocky coastline in the Central Mediterranean Sea. The settlement periods in Diplodus sargus and Diplodus annularis were concentrated in spring, between late May and early June, and the recruits leave the nursery grounds in late September–October. Juvenile fishes of Diplodus puntazzo and Diplodus vulgaris showed a partial time overlapping, sharing the same zones in winter and early spring, from February to May. Multiple correspondence analysis showed that sea breams settle in well‐defined habitats. The smallest juveniles of D. sargus and D. puntazzo settled primarily in the shallowest sheltered pebbly areas, located in sciaphilous crannies covered by red algae. Diplodus vulgaris settlers were observed on a wider range of substrata: rock on sand, gravel and pebbles without algal cover or large boulders, generally in deeper waters. The intermediate‐size juveniles of D. sargus, D. puntazzo and D. vulgaris showed a preference for rocky substrata with substantial algal cover, with arborescent structures (Phaeophyceae). Diplodus annularis juveniles showed high fidelity to seagrass beds (Posidonia oceanica). The home range increased over time in all species, highlighting a loss of substrate specificity: larger juveniles were even observed in deeper and different microhabitats outside nursery grounds. This study suggests that shallow infra‐littoral rocky communities with photophilic algae play a key role in recruitment of sparid fishes, affecting the distribution and abundance of juvenile fishes and therefore determining the renewal of populations and the structure of adult assemblages.  相似文献   

Tidal variation in a rocky inter‐tidal fish population: the case of white seabream Diplodus sargus juveniles          下载免费PDF全文

Ana Ribeiro Gonçalves  Liliana de Sousa  Pedro Duarte‐Coelho  Vitor Carvalho Almada 《Marine Ecology》2015,36(4):1468-1471

The rocky inter‐tidal habitat is a harsh and fluctuating environment, subject to frequent disturbances. Field observations of juvenile white seabream Diplodus sargus in inter‐tidal rocky habitats were conducted to analyse the spatial distribution and feeding activity of this species in relation to the tidal cycle. The depth at which fish were observed did not change in most tidal phases while feeding activity changed with tidal level, showing the occurrence of tidal migrations and that feeding may be limited by habitat availability in shallow waters and thus be dependent on tidal changes. The present results show the exploitation of available feeding areas in the rocky inter‐tidal by juvenile white seabream, which corroborates the importance of these habitats for the first developmental stages of this fish species.  相似文献   

19种淡水鱼类的生活史类型研究     

叶富良  陈刚 《广东海洋大学学报》1998,(3)

研究了中华鲟、达氏鳇、施氏鲟、青鱼、草鱼、鲢、鳙、鲤、赤眼鳟、大眼鳜、鳜、黄尾密鲴、银鲴、花、、团头鲂、尖头塘鳢、鲫等19种淡水鱼类的生态参数（L∞、W∞、K、Tm、Tmax、M、PF）和生活史类型。3种鲟鱼类属k-选择,青鱼、草鱼、鲢、鳙偏向r-选择,其它12种鱼类属r-选择。种群繁殖力PF的数值大体上可反映出某种鱼类的生活史类型,运用Beverton－Holt平衡产量模式估算表明,只有合理控制捕捞强度和起捕年龄,既能保护资源,又能获得较好的经济效益。  相似文献   

有毒铜绿微囊藻对鱼和溞的毒性   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

何家菀  何振荣  郭琼林 《湖泊科学》1997,9(1):49-56

用有毒铜绿微囊藻细胞及其从毒细胞中提取的毒素喂养和腹腔注射鱼类,结果表明:(1)微囊藻毒素MCYST-LR对所有实验过的鱼有毒害作用(LD₅₀为110-500μg/kg).注射毒素24h后,鱼肝电镜超微结构观察均表现出肝损伤.(2)在受控条件下,当用有毒铜绿微囊藻作为食物喂养日鲢和罗非鱼时,鱼类能在以毒藻为唯一食物的环境中生活20d以上.白鲢和罗非鱼粪便的毒性比喂食藻类的毒性分别降低约2-4.5倍,其肝的超微结构现察仍有轻度损伤.(3)在培养液中加入15μg/mLMCYST-LR和用实验室纯培养的铜绿微囊藻作为食物培养枝角类时,均可使它们在48h死亡.以无毒微囊藻培养时则生长不良亦不怀卵,表明它不是枝角类合适的食物.  相似文献   

The age and growth of hottentot seabream Pachymetopon blochii before and after the South African linefish state of emergency in 2000     

MW Farthing  AC Winkler  K Anderson  S Kerwath  C Wilke  WM Potts 《African Journal of Marine Science》2018,40(2):187-196

The hottentot seabream Pachymetopon blochii is a small-sized (maximum 2.67 kg) sparid endemic to southern Africa. It is an important target in South Africa's Western Cape traditional linefishery, particularly in the absence of more valuable pelagic species (such as Thyrsites atun and Seriola lalandi). In 2000, South Africa's linefishery was declared to be in a state of emergency, and commercial fishing effort was consequently reduced by 70%. A subsequent increase in stock biomass and intraspecific competition, coupled with environmental changes, were hypothesised to have thereafter altered the growth rate of hottentot, from 2000 to 2010. This study aimed to revise outdated age–growth models for the hottentot by using modern techniques (sectioned otoliths), and to compare age–growth relationships before and after the declared linefish state of emergency. The maximum age observed was 19 years, with no difference in the growth rate between sexes (p = 0.39–0.43) or time-periods (p = 0.96). Although the growth rate did not change, there is evidence that the age structure of the stock changed between time-periods as a result of changes in fishing pressure between 2000 and 2010. The enhanced recent growth model for hottentot, described as L_t = 418.063 (1 – e^{?0.104(t – [?4.709])}) (pooled sexes; n = 206), indicates a considerably slower growth rate for this species than was proposed previously using whole otoliths and has major implications for effective stock management.  相似文献   

Home range,residency and movements of Diplodus sargus and Diplodus vulgaris in a coastal lagoon: Connectivity between nursery and adult habitats     

David Abecasis  Luís BentesKarim Erzini 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

Acoustic telemetry and standard tag-recapture were used to determine the home range and residency of juveniles and sub-adults of Diplodus sargus and Diplodus vulgaris in the Ria Formosa (Portugal) coastal lagoon. Maximum time between recaptures for the standard tag-recapture method was 128 days for D. sargus and 30 days for D. vulgaris. The majority of the fish were recaptured in the vicinity of the tagging location. Fish tagged with acoustic transmitters had a maximum period of time between first and last detections of 62 days for D. sargus and 260 days for D. vulgaris. Minimum convex polygons areas ranged between 148?024 m² and 525?930 m² for D. sargus and between 23?786 m² and 42?134 m² for D. vulgaris. Both species presented a high residency index between first and last detections. Two D. sargus tagged with acoustic tags were recaptured by fishermen outside the coastal lagoon at distances of 12 km and 90 km from the tagging position, providing evidence that this species leaves the Ria Formosa during the winter time for the adjacent coastal waters. The results of this study reinforce the importance of Ria Formosa as a nursery for D. sargus and D. vulgaris in the south coast of Portugal.  相似文献   

Nocturnal fish utilization of a subtropical mangrove‐seagrass ecotone     

Neil Hammerschlag  Joseph E. Serafy 《Marine Ecology》2010,31(2):364-374

Whereas diel fish migration between mangrove and seagrass habitats has been recognized for decades, quantitative studies have focused mainly on diurnal patterns of fish distribution and abundance. In general, previous studies have shown that fish abundances decline with increasing distance from mangroves; however, evidence for such a pattern at night, when many fishes are actively feeding, is scarce. The present study is the first to report nocturnal fish abundances along a continuous distance gradient from mangroves across adjacent seagrass habitat (0–120 m). Here, we used nocturnal seine sampling to test the null hypothesis (based on diurnal studies and limited nocturnal work) that fish abundance would decrease with increasing distance from shoreline. We focused on species and life‐stage‐specific abundance patterns of Lutjanus griseus, Sphyraena barracuda, Archosargus rhomboidalis, and Haemulon sciurus. Results indicated that assemblage composition and structure differed significantly by season, likely influenced by temperature. However, within each season, the fish habitat use pattern at both the assemblage and species‐specific level generally failed to support our working null hypothesis. Species‐specific analyses revealed that, for most species and life‐stages examined, nocturnal abundance either did not change with distance or increased with distance from the mangrove‐seagrass ecotone. Our results suggest that analyses where taxa are grouped to report overall patterns may have the potential to overlook significant species‐ and stage‐specific variation. For fishes known to make nocturnal migrations, we recommend nocturnal sampling to determine habitat utilization patterns, especially when inferring nursery value of multiple habitats or when estimating fish production.  相似文献   

东海区底拖网渔业主要经济鱼类渔业生物学的初步研究   总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23  

林龙山  郑元甲  程家骅  刘勇  凌建忠 《海洋科学》2006,30(2):21-25

根据1997~2000年东海区底拖网渔业资源调查资料,分析了18种主要经济鱼类的渔业生物学特征,运用体长频率法估算了von Bertalanffy生长参数、总死亡系数、自然死亡系数、捕捞死亡系数和开发率。结果表明,大部分鱼类已出现个体小型化,15种鱼类的开发率过高,处于超额开发状态,其中,4种为重度超额开发,开发率大于0.8,7种为中度超额开发,开发率介于0.7~0.8之间,4种为轻度超额开发,开发率为0.5~0.7。建议加强保护和管理,以利于鱼类资源的可持续利用。  相似文献   

南澎列岛近海海域底拖网鱼类组成的季节性变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

林学群  林广玲  林建衡  杨芳林 《台湾海峡》2000,19(4):511-522

1991年逐月对南澎列岛近海海域作底拖网调查,共捕获鱼类132种,其中软骨鱼类7种（4目6科6属）,硬骨鱼类125种（10目58科95属）,后 者以鲈形目居多（69种）。全年渔获优质种类为条尾鲱鲤、黑天竺鱼、二长棘鲷、大头狗母鱼、多齿蛇鲻、三线矶鲈、绿布氏筋鱼、多鳞Xi和乔氏台雅鱼等9种,其渔获尾数之和是渔获总数的71．1％。季节性优势种类除全年优势种类外,尚有粗纹Fu、半线天竺鲷、印白姑鱼、静Fu和翼红娘鱼等5种;各种类全的渔获尾数及出现月份数相关,各月份的渔获尾数和渔获种数不相关;渔获物中仅有少量的中上层鱼类（13种）。就适温性而言,该海区鱼类以亚热带性为主并兼有热带性特征,以Shannon、Brillouin、Simpson和McIn-tosh等多样性指标及相应的Hurlbert均匀度指标对逐月样本做估计,这8种指标之间高度显著相关;该海域鱼类的Shannon多样性指标及相应的均匀度指标皆以秋冬季为高,春夏季较低。  相似文献   

Life history variation in a marine teleost across a heterogeneous seascape     

Maria Sala-Bozano  Stefano Mariani   《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011,92(4):33

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