多波束系统横摇、纵倾参数的校正方法   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘方兰  张志荣  余平 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2004,34(4):621-624

多波束水深测量系统以条幅式测量为特点,比较传统单波束测深发生了巨大的变化,能够进行实时声速、船体姿态等参数的改正.多波束系统换能器安装时存在的纵倾角度偏差(pitch bias)和横摇角度偏差(roll bias)是产生水深测量系统误差的重要来源之一.分析两个参数对水深测量精度的影响,并根据其误差在地形剖面上的表现形式,讨论实测法和剖面重合法两种参数测试的方法,特别是针对剖面重合法参数测试,制作可视化操作界面,大大方便了野外和室内参数调整.测试获取的纵倾、横摇参数输入多波束系统中进行实时水深校正.在室内资料处理中,利用参数校正方法,能够对野外采集资料进行再处理,提高资料质量.  相似文献   

BDS卫星差分码偏差稳定性分析及其短期预报     

梅登奎  闻德保 《大地测量与地球动力学》2020,40(7):746-750

利用MGEX(multi-GNSS experiment)发布的BDS卫星差分码偏差(differential code bias, DCB)产品，比较分析不同太阳活动水平下BDS卫星DCB产品的稳定性变化特性，并采用差分自回归移动平均(auto-regressive integrated moving average, ARIMA)时间序列预测模型，实现不同太阳活动水平下BDS卫星DCB的短期预报。结果表明，在太阳活动高年，BDS卫星DCB日解值稳定度、月稳定性均明显低于太阳活动低年，且不同卫星星座类型的BDS卫星DCB稳定性也存在差异；ARIMA时间序列预报结果与MGEX发布值符合程度较好，优于多项式拟合法预测结果。  相似文献   

An ensemble approach for the analysis of extreme rainfall under climate change in Naples (Italy)     

Roberta Padulano  Alfredo Reder  Guido Rianna 《水文研究》2019,33(14):2020-2036

In the present paper, an ensemble approach is proposed to estimate possible modifications caused by climate changes in the extreme precipitation regime, with the rain gauge Napoli Servizio Idrografico (Naples, Italy) chosen as test case. The proposed research, focused on the analysis of extremes on the basis of climate model simulations and rainfall observations, is structured in several consecutive steps. In the first step, all the dynamically downscaled EURO‐CORDEX simulations at about 12 km horizontal resolution are collected for the current period 1971–2000 and the future period 2071–2100, for the RCP4.5 and the RCP8.5 concentration scenarios. In the second step, the significance of climate change effects on extreme precipitation is statistically tested by comparing current and future simulated data and bias‐correction is performed by means of a novel approach based on a combination of simple delta change and quantile delta mapping, in compliance with the storm index method. In the third step, two different ensemble models are proposed, accounting for the variabilities given by the use of different climate models and for their hindcast performances. Finally, the ensemble models are used to build novel intensity–duration–frequency curves, and their effects on the early warning system thresholds for the area of interest are evaluated.  相似文献   

区域GNSS网的整数卫星钟差解算     

阮仁桂  魏子卿  贾小林 《大地测量与地球动力学》2020,40(8):827-831

基于双差模糊度的整数性质,从理论上证明,通过固定基准模糊度可以使整网的星间单差模糊度都恢复整数性质,实现星间单差模糊度固定,从而得到整数卫星钟差。提出模糊度连续弧段的概念,改进基准模糊度选取方法。实验表明,对于1 d弧长的区域观测网数据,与旧方法相比,新方法获得的基准模糊度的数量增加近1倍;基准模糊度固定之后,窄巷模糊度成功固定的比例从60%左右提高到90%左右。将得到的整数卫星钟差用于30 min弧长的快速静态PPP,实现固定解的比例为96.00%。模糊度固定之后,PPP定位N、E、U方向的RMS分别达到7.3 mm、9.8 mm、23.3 mm。  相似文献   

Verification of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model when Forecasting Daily Surface Conditions in Southern Alberta     

Clark Pennelly  Gerhard Reuter 《大气与海洋》2017,55(1):31-41

The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was compared with daily surface observations to verify the accuracy of the WRF model in forecasting surface temperature, pressure, precipitation, wind speed, and direction. Daily forecasts for the following two days were produced at nine locations across southern Alberta, Canada. Model output was verified using station observations to determine the differences in forecast accuracy for each season.

Although there were seasonal differences in the WRF model, the summer season forecasts generally had the greatest accuracy, determined by the lowest root mean square errors, whereas the winter season forecasts were the least accurate. The WRF model generally produced skillful forecasts throughout the year although with a smaller diurnal temperature range than observed. The WRF model forecast the prevailing wind direction more accurately than other directions, but it tended to slightly overestimate precipitation amounts. A sensitivity analysis consisting of three microphysics schemes showed relatively minor differences between simulated precipitation as well as 2?m surface temperatures.  相似文献   

北斗卫星精密轨道与钟差精度分析     

杨徐  徐爱功  祝会忠  高猛  唐龙江 《测绘科学》2017,(12):7-13

针对北斗卫星导航系统的卫星姿态模型、天线相位中心改正及卫星定轨数据处理策略未统一的现状,该文对比分析了武汉大学和德国地学研究中心提供的北斗事后精密轨道和钟差产品的差异及精度,结合实测数据,通过分析精密单点定位的定位精度来比较两中心精密轨道和钟差的差异。实验结果表明:北斗卫星的精密轨道精度与轨道类型有关,地球静止轨道(GEO)卫星的轨道精度为米级,倾斜地球同步轨道(IGSO)卫星的轨道精度为分米级,中地球轨道(MEO)卫星切向、法向和径向的精度分别为10.81、5.41和3.37cm;GEO卫星钟差精度优于0.38ns,IGSO卫星钟差优于0.25ns,MEO卫星钟差优于0.15ns;两家分析中心产品的北斗静态精密单点定位的平面精度相当;北斗静态精密单点定位的RMS统计值平面精度优于3cm,三维精度优于7cm。  相似文献   

L波段探空仪湿度资料偏差订正及同化试验   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

郝民  龚建东  田伟红  万晓敏 《应用气象学报》2018,29(5):559-570

L波段探空仪观测资料是基础资料之一,无论在天气预报还是在数值天气预报中都起着重要作用,其资料质量直接影响数值模式同化分析及降水预报准确性。通过对我国3种常用的L波段探空仪观测湿度的偏差特性比较,研发适合该仪器的偏差订正方案,并在GRAPES同化系统中加以试验应用。结果表明:L波段探空仪湿度观测资料与ECMWF再分析湿度场比较有偏干现象。多种偏差订正方案订正结果显示:湿度偏差值比订正前减小,特别是在500 hPa以上层次减小明显。在GRAPES分析同化系统中使用Vomel偏差订正方案,分析偏差减小5%;预报模式个例和连续试验中湿度观测订正后预报降水更接近实况,预报降水检验评分显著提高,故该订正方案在实际应用中表现出积极的正效果。  相似文献   

BCC S2S模式对亚洲夏季风准双周振荡预报评估   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

贺铮  徐邦琪  高迎侠 《应用气象学报》2018,29(4):436-448

利用1994-2013年ERA-Interim及NCEP/NCAR再分析数据,对国家气候中心（BCC）次季节到季节尺度模式（S2S）1994-2013年的回报试验数据进行亚洲季风区准双周振荡（QBWO）预报能力评估,并诊断模式预报误差来源。结果表明:BCC S2S模式对QBWO的预报能力随着预报提前时间的增长而降低,9 d后预报技巧明显减弱,其周期、传播特征和强度出现误差;在提前9 d预报中,印度洋地区QBWO对流-环流系统结构松散,信号偏弱,对流向东传播,这与印度洋平均态的预报误差有关,夏季对流平均态低层水汽场在西太平洋和阿拉伯海较强,而东印度洋、孟加拉湾一带偏弱;西北太平洋地区QBWO具有向西北传播的特征,但强度偏弱,可能原因是预报低估了QBWO对流西北侧低层涡度的超前信号,经涡度方程诊断发现,地转涡度平流正贡献微弱,相对涡度平流在对流西北侧引发负涡度,从而减弱了对流西北侧由低层正涡度引发的有利条件。  相似文献   

基于GPT3模型的ZTD及PWV反演精度分析     

黄聪  郭杭 《大地测量与地球动力学》2022,42(5):489-493

使用亚洲区域18个IGS测站和中国区域内16个探空站2016~2018年的数据,研究GPT3模型反演天顶对流层延迟（ZTD）和大气可降水量（PWV）的精度,并与其他GPT系列模型进行对比。结果表明,GPT3-1模型估计的ZTD的bias均值和最大值均最小,分别为1.34 mm和14.06 mm;GPT3模型整体精度略优于GPT2w模型,优于GPT2模型。探空站处GPT3模型反演的PWV的bias和RMSE均表现出较强的季节性特征;由GPT3模型反演的PWV的月均值可知,GPT3-1模型比GPT3-5模型具有更高的精度和稳定性。  相似文献   

IMPROVED FORECASTING OF COLD AIR OUTBREAKS OVER SOUTHERN CHINA THROUGH OROGRAPHIC GRAVITY WAVE DRAG PARAMETERIZATION     

钟水新  陈子通  王刚  蒙伟光  黄荣 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2016,22(4):522-534

The parameterization of gravity wave drag induced by sub-grid scale orography(GWDO), which has been used in the regional model based on the Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System for Tropical Mesoscale Model(GRAPES_TMM), is extended to include the effect of mountain flow blocking drag(MBD). The extended scheme is evaluated against non-GWDO parameterization, including a cold air outbreak over southern China and a monthly verification in February 2012. The experiment results show that the GWDO and MBD parameterization both improves the forecasting of the cold air outbreaks over southern China, as well as alleviations of system bias of GRAPES_TMM.(1) The extended scheme alleviates the strong southerly wind and high surface temperature simulation during the cold air outbreak, especially over northern Guangxi and Guangdong(NGG) province, where local high surface temperature simulation reduces nearly 5 degree.(2) The MBD parameterization improves southerly wind simulations over NGG, as well as surface temperature forecasts improvement over Guangxi, Guizhou province and southern Yunnan-Guizhou plateau(YUP), and low level southerly wind simulation improvement over intertidal zone over south China.(3) The formation of MBD is mainly in the mountain area(Wuyi, Daba mountain, east of YUP) and coastal area. The MBD over plateau, which is mainly formed at the west of 105°E, is stronger and thicker than that over Nanling mountain.(4) The improvement of GWDO and MBD parameterization is stable in model physics. MBD parameterization demonstrates more overall improvements in the forecasts than GWDO, and the larger of the model forecast error is, the greater improvements of MBD contribute to. Overall, the extended GWDO scheme successfully improves the simulations of meteorological elements forecasting during cold air outbreaks.  相似文献