利用洞穴石笋的δ~(18)O和δ~(13)C重建3000a以来北京地区古气候和古环境——石花洞研究系列之三   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10       下载免费PDF全文

李红春  顾德隆  陈文寄  李铁英 《地震地质》1997,(1)

首次提出用石笋中稳定同位素记录重建由降雨量和降水气团同位素组成所反映的古气候历史，从而为研究高分辨率的古季风气候信息开辟了新的途径。利用Ｈｅｎｄｙ准则、洞穴温度、研究区水系的δ１８ＯＨ２Ｏ值以及温度公式，证实了同位素分析结果的可靠性，ＣａＣＯ３－Ｈ２Ｏ之间存在同位素平衡分馏。对采自石花洞的石笋样品进行了分辨率约为２５ａ的δ１８Ｏ和δ１３Ｃ的分析测量，从而得到３０００ａ以来，北京地区古气候和古环境的变化信息  相似文献   

地磁1年周期变化的响应函数     

陈伯舫 《地震地磁观测与研究》1997,18(2):40-44

用通日月均值减去夜均值计算的月均值资料和Ｓｏｍｐｉ谱分析法分析了１４个台站的北向分量１年周期变化的振幅向相位，时段为１９８４－１９８８年。分析结果显示用Ｐ＾０ｎ（ｄｎｄ＝１，…，６）复合模式的估算的Ｃ值较合理。各台的Ｃ值比较一致。  相似文献   

中国东部旱涝型的研究   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12       下载免费PDF全文

叶瑾琳王绍武  李晓东 《应用气象学报》1997,8(1):69-77

文章利用中国东部25个站524年（1470～1993年）的旱涝级别资料分析了中国东部旱涝的空间分布，比较了EOF方法和REOF方法的不同点，研究指出可用6个中心地区的旱涝情况来补充原来划分的6种旱涝型，使得旱涝中心更明确，旱涝分布更符合实际情况，突出体现了REOF在旱涝型研究中的优点。最后给出了近五百年中国东部的主要旱涝中心及特征。  相似文献   

一次台风暴雨的初步分析   总被引：17，自引：4，他引：17       下载免费PDF全文

黄文根邓北胜  熊廷南 《应用气象学报》1997,8(2):247-251

文章对1994年7月12～13日一次登陆台风造成的华北暴雨作了天气动力学诊断分析。分析表明，9406号台风登陆后，台风和太平洋副热带高压间形成的偏东南风低空急流，具有明显超地转特征，它是触发这次台风暴雨的关键系统。Q矢量诊断表明，Q矢量辐合区与暴雨位置较为一致。  相似文献   

用GMS双谱资料估计湿度场及其在数值预报中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

王登炎  俞康庆 《应用气象学报》1997,8(4):413-420

对GMS红外和可见光两个通道的资料进行了处理，并估计出了700 hPa和850 hPa两个层次的湿度场。将卫星资料估计的湿度场取代数值模式通常的客观分析湿度场进行了对比业务试验。业务运行表明，应用卫星资料后，预报结果有较大改进。  相似文献   

Adjoint Matching Condition for Parameterized Discontinuities－A Derivation Using Lagrangian-form Costfunction     

Xu Qin  Qiu Chongjian 《大气科学进展》1997,14(1):49-52

The generalized adjoint property and adjoint matching condition for systems that contain discontinuous on / off switches are derived by a perturbation analysis of the Lagranging-form costfunction  相似文献   

DOES WIND STRESS DEPEND ON SEA-STATE OR NOT? – A STATISTICAL ERROR ANALYSIS OF HEXMAX DATA     

J. A. M. JANSSEN 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1997,83(3):479-503

There have been several claims, either explicit or by implication, either based on experimental evidence or on theoretical reasoning, that the wind stress is modified by the stage of development of the wind sea. However, the overall evidence is weak, because theories are still incomplete and because it is questionable whether the sea-state effect, which is of the order of 10%, can be separated from experimental noise, which is of the order of 20%. In this paper a rigorous statistical analysis of HEXMAX data is pursued in order to establish the significance of sea-state effects. It appears that the enhanced drag, especially at high winds, which has already been established by previous analyses, cannot be attributed to the effect of young waves. The analysis provides no clues for the actual mechanism, which could be related to breaking or shoaling waves. As the effect of sea-state on wind stress is much smaller than the experimental noise level, it is hard to detect. Nevertheless, HEXMAX seems to contain a wave effect that is at the edge of statistical significance. It is, however, not the wave age itself that influences the drag, but a parameter involving wave height.Because the HEXMAX evidence is only indicative, we conclude that the issue set out in this paper cannot be answered on the basis of the HEXMAX data alone. It is recommended that error analyses are also carried out for other relevant observational data sets and that new measurements with suppressed noise will be taken up.  相似文献   

集对分析及其在城市地面沉降研究中的应用   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

龚士良 《上海国土资源》1997,(4):43-47

集对分析是处理本确定性问题的理论,认为在一系统中不确定性与确定性互相联系、影响、制约,并在一定条件下互相转化,用联系度及其数学表达式统一描述系统的各种不确定性,由此实现系统调控的辅助决策。本文应用集对分析理论与方法剖析了上海地面沉降问题,探讨了社会需求、资源状况、地质环境三者间的制约关系,并以此提出城市地面沉降系统调控的对策与途径。  相似文献   

Advances in energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Utz Kramar 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》1997,58(1):73-80

Recently, two new instruments for X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) with interesting features for geochemical applications came to the market. Both instruments were designed to improve the peak to background ratio, the principal factor limiting the sensitivity of XRF. Total reflection XRF (TXRF) was designed to analyse extremely small sample amounts. An instrument, using polarised X-rays (P-XRF) for excitation, is designed to reduce scattered background in spectra of bulk samples. The performance of both instruments was compared with conventional XRF-methods and ICP/MS. Results for GXR-1, GXR-2, GXR-3, GXR-4 and GXR-6 obtained with TXRF and P-XRF are in good agreement with literature data. The effective amount of sample, analysed by TXRF was 200 μg only and detection limits of ~ l μg/g were achieved. P-XRF shows considerable improved detection limits (0.25–0.5 μg/g) for bulk samples for elements with atomic numbers 42–51 (Mo-Sb) compared with conventional XRF-methods.  相似文献   

N同位素质谱分析及其数据处理   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

韩友科  安娜 《地球学报》1997,18(Z1):290-292

本文论述了N同位素质谱分析原理和钢瓶高纯氮标定方法。同时对影响N同位素分析分馏因素作了相应讨论，指出钢瓶子高纯氮同位素标定，要用纯化后的大气氮定值。  相似文献