不同轴压比RCS梁柱组合件恢复力模型研究          下载免费PDF全文

朱旦  李升才  朱永甫 《世界地震工程》2021,(2):143-152

以6个1/2模型RCS梁柱节点拟静力试验为基础,研究不同轴压比下RCS组合件的滞回性能。试验结果表明:梁铰破坏时试件的滞回曲线饱满,耗能能力优于构造破坏;随着轴压比的增大,试件滞回环愈加丰满,初始刚度有所增加,承载力有所增大;随着加载位移的增加,刚度退化速率变慢,且梁铰破坏时随着轴压比增大,刚度退化速率变大。基于试验结果和现有恢复力模型理论,建立的三折线骨架曲线模型与实际试验骨架曲线具有较高的吻合度,能较好的反映轴压比对其滞回特性的影响,可为该RCS梁柱组合件的弹塑性分析及工程应用提供参考。  相似文献   

像元信息分解和决策树相结合的影像分类方法   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

刘小平  彭晓鹃  艾彬 《地理与地理信息科学》2004,20(6):35-39

该文提出了一种基于像元信息分解和决策树相结合的遥感自动分类方法。选择广州市番禺区作为研究区。用像元信息分解和多变量决策树法把TM影像分为水体、植被、水泥地、土壤4种基本组分,分离成4类树枝;分别以4种基本地物组分作为分类掩膜,采用BP神经网络分类、形状指数提取、光谱特征提取等复合方法进行分枝,并开展野外遥感调查,以提高和验证分类精度。结果表明：该方法保证了分枝时地物的纯洁度,有效地避免了地物提取时多余信息的干扰和影响,提高了分类精度。结合实地调查数据与最大似然分类算法进行对比实验,表明该模型比最大似然总体分类精度高16％。  相似文献   

基于决策树特征提取的支持向量机在岩性分类中的应用     

韩启迪  张小桐  申维 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2019,49(2):611-620

由于支持向量机属于黑箱模型,因此在进行模型学习时无法直接对特征进行选择,而决策树模型在递归创建的过程中自身具有一定的特征选择能力。针对岩性分类问题,本文将决策树和支持向量机结合,通过决策树的建立,在考虑特征重要性的前提下,利用树节点的高度对特征进行提取,并将具有更高分类能力的特征送入支持向量机进行岩性分类。结果表明:通过决策树的特征提取,减少了支持向量机模型的输入特征,从而有效控制了模型的复杂度,使得模型更加稳定并具有更高的分类精度,测试集精度能够提升10%以上。  相似文献   

台风风暴潮情景构建与时空推演     

饶文利  罗年学 《地球信息科学学报》2020,22(2):187-197

因台风风暴潮的突发性、情景演变时间的连续性和路径的不确定性,导致应急决策者在应急救援中难以做出正确决策,针对这一现状,将“情景—应对”应用在台风风暴潮应急决策中。本文在分析台风风暴潮情景、情景要素的概念模型基础上,首先通过资料搜集、属性识别等方法提取关键情景要素,采用框架表示法构建情景;然后分析台风风暴潮情景演变规律及演变路径;其次通过动态贝叶斯网络法构建台风风暴潮动态情景网络;最后利用先验概率与条件概率计算情景状态概率,实现了台风风暴潮的关键情景推演。本文以2018年9月16日11时至17时山竹台风对广东省沿海城市影响为例,演示了台风风暴潮的情景推演流程及关键技术。实证分析结果表明,溃堤、海水倒灌、洪水、滑坡发生的概率分别为85%、81%、74%、54%,验证了情景推演在风暴潮中应用的合理性。  相似文献   

基于语义规则的高分辨率影像道路交叉口提取方法     

李润生  司毅博  马德宝  曲梦雅 《测绘科学技术学报》2017,34(2)

为了准确提取遥感影像上道路交叉口目标,提出一种利用特征语义规则从高分辨率影像上提取道路交叉口的方法。该算法构建交叉口模型时将其视为由同质区域像素集合及区域轮廓边界构成的面对象,提取过程分为两步:1)利用辐射、纹理特征语义匹配提取交叉口候选区域;2)通过几何特征语义匹配筛选候选区域、识别交叉口属性。利用多源遥感影像对算法正确性及合理性进行验证,结果表明:算法能准确、完整地提取道路交叉口,可为影像道路网构建提供辅助信息。  相似文献   

Modeling the environmental susceptibility of landfill sites in California     

Victor Fernandez Nascimento  Nazli Yesiller  Keith C Clarke  Jean Pierre Henry Balbaud Ometto  Pedro R. Andrade  Anahi Chimini Sobral 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2017,54(5):657-677

??The proper management of solid waste (SW) is a global environmental challenge. A major issue is the proper disposal of SW while balancing a wide range of criteria and working with different spatial data. In this study, we used geographic information system as a tool to perform multi-criteria decision analysis with an analytical hierarchy process to develop an environmental impact susceptibility model (EISM) for landfills. The model was applied to the state of California, USA and results are presented herein. In particular, the EISM considers factors such as geology, pedology, geomorphology, water resources, and climate as represented by 13 associated environmental indicators. The results of the EISM indicate that more than 75% of California’s territory is situated in areas with very low, low, and medium environmental impact susceptibility categories. However, in the remaining 25% of the state’s land, 61 landfills are located in the high and very high categories. These results are alarming because during the period from 2000 to 2015, these 61 landfills received approximately 308 million tons of SW, which corresponds to more than 57% of all SW disposed in California. The model results can be used toward mitigating the environmental impacts of these facilities.  相似文献   

Automatic selection of weights for GIS-based multicriteria decision analysis: site selection of transmission towers as a case study     

《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2017

Transmission line (TL) siting consists of finding suitable land to build transmission towers. This is just one of the numerous complex geographical problems often solved using GIS-based multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA), which is a set of techniques that weight several geographical features to identify suitable locations. This technique is mostly employed using expert knowledge to identify the correct set of weights; thus adding a certain amount of subjectivity to the analysis, meaning that for the same problem if we change the experts involved, we may reach different results.This research is a first attempt to try and solve this issue. We employed a statistical analysis to quantitatively calculate these weights and we tested our method on a case study about transmission line siting in Switzerland. We compared the distances between each sample in our dataset, in this case study these are location of transmission towers, with each geographical feature, e.g. distance from water features. Then we calculate the same distances but for random points, sampled throughout the study area. The reasoning behind this method is that if samples present a distance from a geographic feature statistically different from the random, it means that the feature played an important role in dictating the location of the sample. In this case for instance, high-voltage transmission towers are purposely built as far away as possible from urban areas. Random points are on the contrary by definition sampled without any constraint. Therefore, when comparing the two datasets, we should find that transmission towers have a larger average distance from urban areas than random points. This allows us to determine that this criterion (i.e. distance from urban centers) is important for planning new TL.The results indicate that this method can successfully weight and rank the most important criteria to be considered for an MCDA analysis, in line with weights proposed in the literature. The advantage of the proposed technique is that it completely excludes human factors, thus potentially increasing the social acceptance of the MCDA results.  相似文献   

城市体系规模结构研究的新方法——位序累积规模模型   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

叶浩  庄大昌 《地理科学》2017,37(6):825-832

利用位序累积规模模型与位序-规模法则定量分析2000~2014年中国城市体系规模结构的省际差异及其变化特征。结论如下：使用位序-规模法则进行区域城市体系规模结构对比与演变分析时会存在较大的不确定性,而位序累积规模模型更能准确刻画区域城市体系规模结构的特征;中国各省区\begin{array}{c}\beta \end{array}值排名靠前的多属于自然地理条件优越、社会经济比较发达的地区,其变化大致表现出增幅东大西小、增长率南高北低的特征;位序累积规模模型能较准确地反映出自然与社会经济条件对区域城市体系规模结构的影响,但随着社会经济的发展,自然地理和基础设施条件对城市体系规模分布的影响不再显著。  相似文献   

基于OWA的大理市土地生态安全评价研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

张洪  王安琦  宋贝扬 《地理科学》2017,37(11):1778-1784

从自然生态环境角度出发,从自然因子、生态环境因子、景观因子3个层面选取16项评价指标建立大理市土地生态安全评价体系,并运用IDRISI软件中的MCE模块进行有序加权平均算子（OWA）多准则决策评价,得到不同决策风险系数下的大理市土地生态安全评价结果。结果显示,由于决策者风险态度不同,得到土地生态安全评价结果差异较大,在实际应用中,必须结合研究区的实际情况以及规划的目的选择不同的风险系数进行评价,才能得到更加真实有效的结果。  相似文献   

鲁西隆起区石炭、二叠系煤成气普查可行性研究     

蒙庆 《化工矿产地质》1997,19(1):31-36

鲁西隆起区石炭系二叠系具有巨大的生气潜力,山西组和太原组是主要气源层,部分地区在煤化过程中存在两个生气高峰期,其生气性能不比某些已知煤成气产区逊色,为普查煤成气展示了一定的前景。通过对资源量的估算,认为阳谷－荏平及曹县－成武地区远景较好,宜率先开展钻探普查。  相似文献