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11.
强风化角岩力学-变形特性的直剪试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对深圳岭澳三期核电工程选址区域内的强风化角岩的直剪试验研究表明,强风化角岩的剪切变形存在一定的延性且呈塑性破坏,其岩体剪切强度随含水率的增长呈负指数下降趋势,水对岩体强度指标c、?具有一定的弱化作用;强风化角岩在饱水条件下只发生剪缩现象,而天然条件下先剪缩后剪胀。引入剪切刚度研究直剪试验的变形特性并考虑水对这一变形指标的影响,研究认为,强风化角岩的剪切刚度随法向应力的增加而增加,且随含水率的增加而降低,低法向应力条件下对水的作用尤其敏感,同时分析了剪切刚度的变化对边坡岩体剪切位移的影响,其结果对边坡的稳定性分析及坡体位移变化的预测具有一定的指导作用。 相似文献
12.
This paper introduces two new types of precise integration methods based on Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind for dynamic response analysis of structures, namely the integral formula method （IFM） and the homogenized initial system method （HISM）. In both methods, nonlinear variable loadings within time intervals are simulated using Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind before a direct integration is performed. Developed on the basis of the integral formula, the recurrence relationship of the integral computation suggested in this paper is combined with the Crout decomposed method to solve linear algebraic equations. In this way, the IFM based on Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind is constructed. Transforming the non-homogenous initial system to the homogeneous dynamic system, and developing a special scheme without dimensional expansion, the HISM based on Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind is able to avoid the matrix inversion operation. The accuracy of the time integration schemes is examined and compared with other commonly used schemes, and it is shown that a greater accuracy as well as less time consuming can be achieved. Two numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the applicability of these new methods. 相似文献
13.
《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2013,8(4):259-273
An important design parameter in cement-grouted soil nailed structures is the shear strength at the interface between the grouted nail and the surrounding soil. Both field and laboratory pull-out tests are normally used to investigate this interface shear strength. However, these tests have some limitations. In this study, direct shear box tests are adopted to investigate the interface shear strength behaviour between a completely decomposed granite (CDG) soil and a cement grout plate. Tests were carried out in a large direct shear test apparatus over a range of constant normal stress, soil moisture content, and soil–cement grout interface surface waviness. The laboratory test procedures are briefly described and the main test results are presented, followed by a discussion of the shear behaviour of the soil–cement grout interface. The interface shear behaviour is compared with the shear strength behaviour of the same soil tested under comparable conditions. It is shown that the shear stress–displacement behaviour of the soil–cement grout interface is similar to that of the soil alone. The test results indicate that the interface shear strength of the CDG and cement grout material depends on the normal stress level, the soil moisture content, and the interface surface waviness. 相似文献
14.
全风化花岗岩抗剪强度试验结果对比及影响因素分析 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
对三轴和直剪试验得到的土抗剪强度结果对比及其主要影响因素分析很少。本文通过对采自香港两处边坡顶部 3个探坑中 1 1组全风化花岗岩样三轴固结不排水剪切和慢剪试验 ,得到了它们的有效抗剪强度值。孔隙度小的中细粒kt样品抗剪强度值总体大于孔隙度大的中粗粒skm样品。对同一组样品两种试验得出的有效抗剪强度值对比发现 :三轴试验结果大于直剪试验结果。两者相差有效内聚力c' =- 6 0～ 6 0kPa ,有效内摩擦角 '=- 2～ 1 8;两者的c'呈正线性相关 (相关系数R =0 .84 9) ,两者的 '正对数相关 (R =0 .6 86 )。两种实验的c'差值和 '差值呈弱负线性相关 (R =0 .377)。这些差别主要归因于样品物质成分和结构特征 (如粘粒、石英和粘土矿物含量等 )不同。其中 ,粘粒含量和c'值负相关 ,而与c'值差值呈正对数相关 (R =0 .776 ) ,即随着粘粒含量增加 ,三轴和直剪的有效内聚力c'差别也变大 ;粘粒和粘土矿物含量都和 '值及差值负对数相关。而含量较高的石英与有效内聚力c'值和差值都呈正相关。本文结果表明 ,在分析对比抗剪强度试验结果差别时 ,要特别注意分析粘粒、粘土矿物和石英含量变化 ,其次是天然密度和游离Fe2 O3 含量的影响 相似文献
15.
工程实践和理论研究中常用全岩和粘粒中粘土矿物绝对和相对含量。对同一样品探求两者关系,便于数据对比,有利于工程应用。以采自香港九龙的2处边坡3个探坑中51个全风化花岗岩样品为例,作者用同一套仪器、测试方法,先后采用了颗分法测粘粒质量百分比、物理化学方法测比表面积、XRD方法测矿物成分,分别得出了全岩和粘粒中粘土矿物的绝对含量和相对含量,以及用粘粒质量百分比乘以相对含量得出的换算含量。另外还将全岩XRD矿物成分同薄片统计结果进行了相关分析。对粘土矿物绝对含量基本为20%～45%的全风化花岗岩,对比分析不同含量结果表明:全岩中的某些粘土矿物,如高岭石、蛭石的绝对含量远大于换算含量;不同样品中高岭石和蛭石的相对含量变化幅度远大于它们在全岩中绝对含量变化,两者变化呈现某种一致性;全岩中粘土矿物含量远大于粘粒(粒径<2μm和<5μm两个界限)的含量。后两者相对而言变化基本一致,差值不大;同全岩中粘土矿物含量相关性较好的是比表面积;同薄片统计结果相比,全岩XRD粘土矿物含量受对风化矿物处理不确定性的影响,结果往往偏大。 相似文献
16.
针对事件概率回归模型的特点，用残差分析和统计量诊断的方法归纳了回归线差的非称分布现象，揭示了这种现象是由高杠杆占所引起，探讨了概率回归模型的残差不合理性的统计天气预报意义，从而提出适用于概率预报问题的事件概率回归改进模型。分析指出。事件概率回归模型的不合量性并不是个另例了特珠性所造成是由该模型的数学特点所决定，概率回归改进模型要优于普通的概率的回归模型型。 相似文献
17.
长江口南北槽分流口洪季水沙变化过程研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
河口分流口的水沙变化过程是影响河口三角洲发育的核心环节,对下游河势的稳定起着关键性的作用。本文通过对北槽二、三期工程前后的南北槽分流口河段洪季大潮期间的同步水沙观测数据进行分析,以探讨长江口深水航道工程整治对分流口水沙过程的影响。结果表明:(1)北槽二期工程到三期工程后,分流口洪季以落潮优势流、优势沙为主的格局基本没有发生改变,但南槽优势流、优势沙出现略有变大,而北槽略有变小现象;(2)分流口洪季的水体输移主要受控于欧拉余流的变化,除北槽入口段水体净输移量一直较小外,其他河段在二、三期工程实施期间均有大幅提升,其中斯托克斯余流变化不大,拉格朗日余流与欧拉余流变化相一致,南槽呈波动状上升,北槽先增后减;(3)在二期到三期工程期间,北槽分流比明显减小,入口段落潮流速减小,含沙量较高,水体输移量降低,输沙强度减弱,由此导致二期工程以来北槽入口河段淤积强度加重。 相似文献
18.
Over the past decade, land development activities on hillsides in northern Utah have resulted in a significant increase in
landslide activity throughout the region. The majority of recent landslides are shallow and they occurred on cut gentle slopes
especially during spring and early summer due to snowmelt induced elevated groundwater tables. The geologic material documented
at numerous landslide sites is a soft gray-green completely decomposed Norwood Tuff. The present study addresses the mechanism
of a shallow landslide in completely decomposed Norwood Tuff based on field, laboratory and numerical investigations. Detailed
slope surface geometry obtained from laser-scan surveys together with strength and stress–strain parameters derived from laboratory
triaxial tests on undisturbed samples of completely decomposed Norwood Tuff collected from the landslide site are employed
with finite-element modeling to examine the effects of ground surface deformation patterns on the yielding behavior of the
slide mass. The numerical results indicate a gradual retreat of the yield zone with progressive landslide deformation, which
eventually becomes concentrated within the accumulation zone of the landslide, compared to a well-developed yield zone within
the entire slide mass at the onset of landslide movement. Limit equilibrium stability analyses along potential sliding surfaces
of extent limited within the yield zone of the displaced slide mass produce lower safety factors than an analysis based on
the original sliding surface comprising the entire slide mass. 相似文献
19.
在岩土工程理论研究和工程实践中土孔隙度是一个经常遇到和需要明确数值的参数。它的大小由常规土工试验数据换算得出。另外,还可通过压汞试验(包括氦孔隙仪和压汞仪)、薄片观测、扫描电镜图象处理等试验分析得到其数值。这5种不同途径得出的同一套土样孔隙度差别多大?本文以全风化花岗岩为例,通过5种途径对相当数量样品孔隙度进行了试验分析和计算。结果发现,这5种途径得到5种不同孔隙度数值;其差别一方面表现在数值大小上,另一方面显示孔隙度应属不同范畴和物理意义。区别对待这一点对工程计算应用很有意义。物理实验结果换算出的孔隙度为绝对孔隙度,数值结果最大;压汞试验得到的孔隙度是三维空间内孔隙的体积百分比(氦气计测得的为开孔隙度,压汞仪得到的应是有效孔隙度);薄片和扫描电镜图象处理得到的是不同尺度范围上二维平面内孔隙面积百分比,其中以薄片鉴定得到的孔隙度值最小,原因在于在毫米级观察尺度上很多粒内孔隙被忽略掉了。而因为局部结构影响被放大,扫描电镜图象处理得到的孔隙度值变化较大而不很稳定,但微孔隙基本得到了反映。5种孔隙度数值从大到小依次是:绝对孔隙度(物理实验法)>开孔隙度(氦孔隙仪)>SEM孔隙度>有效孔隙度(压汞仪)>薄片孔隙度。总体看它们之间差值较明显。 相似文献
20.
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