辽河流域铁岭段水质现状分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

田丽荣 《地下水》2005,27(6):425-426

本文依据辽河流域铁岭段的水质监测数据,对辽河流域铁岭段水质现状进行了分析评价,并对辽河铁岭段的地表水水资源保护提出了建议.  相似文献   

Environmental properties of metallic minerals and their applications in environmental protection in China     

王吉中李胜荣  江永宏魏瑞华 牛花朋 《中国地球化学学报》2005,24(3):221-227

In terms of environmental mineralogy, the environmental properties of metallic minerals, including chemical activation, adsorption, pore effect and nanometer effect, have been analyzed. On the basis of the analysis of environmental properties of metallic minerals, the applications of iron-bearing sultides, iron and manganese oxides in the purification of wastewaters containing heavy metal ions （Cr^6＋ ,Hg^2＋ , Pb^2＋ , etc. ） have been summarized. Moreover, research on the application of metallic minerals in environmental protection has been anticipated. It should be a piece of dominating work for environmental mineralogie researchers in the future to lucubrate systematically the physical and chemical characteristics of the metallic mineral surfaces, further reveal the reciprocity process between metallic minerals and water surface, perfect the theory and model of the metallic minerals to remove contaminants, intensify study on the facilities and techniques of metallic minerals to remove contaminants, and entail well the extension and propagation of achievements.  相似文献   

植物胶类冲洗液在地质灾害防治勘察工程中的应用   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

牛文林陈礼仪  朱宗培 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2005,16(B12):104-106

长期研究和生产实践表明，在地质灾害勘察工程的复杂地层进行钻探取心，特别是深厚砂卵石覆盖层取心，采用植物胶类无固相冲洗液往往会收到很好的效果。文章简要地论述了植物胶冲洗液在地质灾害防治勘察工程中具有的特殊功效。在实践及应用的基础上提出了提高取心率应控制的主要性能。即亲水性与可溶性、粘结性、降失水性、流变性及润滑性等。特别强调浆液粘弹性及表面张力的控制是提高松散破碎地层取心的重要因素。现场应用表明，KL植物胶冲洗液，护壁效果好，取芯质量好。无毒无污染，是一种能适应松散破碎地层钻进，提高取芯质量的新型钻进冲洗液体系。完全可以在地质灾害勘察工程中推广应用。  相似文献   

查钦曲大桥钻孔灌注桩施工工艺     

周旭荣韩亮  王敦诚 《华东地质学院学报》2005,28(1):17-21

在高原多年冻土地区，气候恶劣，生态环境脆弱。钻孔灌注桩施工中又不可避免地会遇到处于不同冻结状态的土层。施工中必须考虑并设法预防和消除由于冻土的变形、强度弱化及冻胀、融沉所引起的各种危害，因此，钻孔灌注桩施工在质量、安全和环保等方面难度很大。介绍了查钦曲大桥钻孔灌注桩施工工艺，该工艺明显不同于内地通常的钻孔灌注桩施工工艺。在高原多年冻土地区行之有效，对高原多年冻土区钻孔灌注桥施工具有重要的参考意义。  相似文献   

复合生态区划的系统分级及其实证研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

刘邵权  陈国阶 《山地学报》2006,24(6):703-708

复合生态区划重在揭示不同复合生态地域单元的人类活动和自然环境的相似性与差异性，是进行区域复合生态系统研究的基础工作，对于研究不同复合生态地域单元的发展方向与功能定位具有重要的实践意义。比较分析了复合生态区划与自然区划、生态区划的异同点，简要回顾了自然区划、生态区划的历史演变与应用成效，阐述了复合生态区划的主要原则，提出了生态大区-生态区-生态省-生态地区的四级区划系统及其相应的指标体系与区划方法。根据复合生态系统结构特征及其生态服务功能定位的相似性与差异性，突出人工生态系统和社会文化要素的地位和作用，将四川省划分为2个生态大区、3个生态区、4个生态省和9个生态地区，该区划方案对于制订四川省的生态功能分区具有重要的参考价值，也可以有效地指导四川省的资源开发、产业结构调整和生态环境保护。  相似文献   

农牧交错带农田景观格局对土地生态环境安全的影响——以呼和浩特市为例   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

郝润梅  海春兴  雷军 《干旱区地理》2006,29(5):700-704

在GIS支持下,利用卫星遥感影像提供的信息和非遥感信息想结合的方法,获得研究区农田景观空间分布格局和生态环境现状数据资料。从区域农田生态系统特点和地区土地生态安全角度出发,通过对市域农田景观空间格局特征及其对土地生态环境安全影响的分析,显示出农田景观格局的空间差异性与破碎度高是农牧交错地区土地生态环境安全的重要影响因素。调整土地利用结构、加强地区土地整理与生态农业建设投入,是保证区域土地生态环境安全,促进区域社会经济可持续发展的主要途径。  相似文献   

和田市5O年来气候变化对绿洲生态环境建设的启示     

艾尼瓦尔·依沙木丁  吾加阿不拉·白地  Ainiwaer·YISHAMUDING  Wujiaabula·BAIDI 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2006,29(5):20-22

总结和分析了和田市近50a来气候变化状况,发现和田市气候存在变暖、增湿、风速减少的趋势,认为绿洲生态环境与气候关系极为密切,并以其变化规律为依据,对和田市绿洲生态进一步建设问题,提出一些建议。  相似文献   

High precision Fe isotope measurement and applications in aquatic environmental studies     

Qianli XIE Peter Dillon Lewis Molot 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):204-204

In aquatic environment, iron redox reaction may occur through a） microbial activity and b） photo-chemistry. Iron chemistry plays a significant role in the health of aquatic ecosystems. For example, Fe^2＋ is more mobile than Fe^3＋. Iron can be bound to dissolved organic carbon （DOC）, and when Fe^2＋ is oxidized to Fe^3＋ （biotically or abiotically）, Fe is precipitated and induce co-precipitation of the DOC. Furthermore, iron is a major nutrient to aquatic organisms. Because Fe^2＋ is more bioavailable than Fe^3＋, iron redox chemistry can be a controlling factor in biological production, such as algae bloom which can be a public health concern. Experiments have shown that Fe redox reactions, biotically or abiotically, can generate significant Fe isotope fraction among different Fe species. Accordingly, analysis of Fe isotope composition of phytoplanktons can be a valuable tool in studying Fe dynamics in ecosystems. Precise measurement of Fe isotope, however, presents some challenges. Recent advances in mass spectrometry, specifically high resolution MC-ICP-MS, allow measurement of Fe isotopes free of interferences.  相似文献   

Identifying environmental impacts of underground construction   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Premadasa M. Attanayake  Matthew K. Waterman 《Hydrogeology Journal》2006,14(7):1160-1170

Dewatering of the groundwater resource and associated reduced flow of surface water features are potential negative impacts when constructing underground facilities. Little work has been done to develop methods for the early detection of environmental impacts on water resources where major underground construction is being undertaken. Recognizing this, prior to construction of two rock tunnels in the southwestern USA, a 3-year preconstruction program was implemented to monitor over 100 wells, springs, and streams in the project area that might be affected. This preconstruction monitoring phase has established data for a hydrologic reference which indicates a high degree of spatial and temporal variability. This variability must be accounted for when trying to identify construction-related impacts. The project area was subdivided into areas of similar characteristics based on geologic and hydrologic features. Measurements from features within each unit were then normalized and aggregated to derive a single representative flow parameter. This representative flow was then correlated to precipitation and major stream flow records to allow for a method of estimating unimpacted flow and groundwater levels during and after construction. Application of this method proved useful in determining and enabling a quick response to construction-related impacts.  相似文献   

Fractured-karst spring-flow protections: a case study in Jinan, China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Jiazhong Qian  Hongbin Zhan  Yifeng Wu  Fulin Li  Jiaquan Wang 《Hydrogeology Journal》2006,14(7):1192-1205

Jinan Springs are an important historical heritage in China and have been well known for hundreds of years. Over-abstraction of groundwater in the Jinan area has seriously endangered the hydrological system of the springs, which have stopped flowing for significant periods of time in recent years. A three-dimensional finite-element model programmed primarily at the Hefei University of Technology has been developed to simulate groundwater level change in the large fractured-karst aquifer system in the Jinan Springs field. Various spring protection plans have been explored and their effects on the water table analyzed and compared. It was found that the present rate of groundwater withdrawal from the fractured-karst system in this area was inappropriate for spring protection. The simulated results suggest that decreasing the rate of groundwater pumping from 6.9×10⁵ to 2.7×10⁵ m³/day is needed to protect spring flows. Additional water resource requirements in that area may be met by use of surface water and recycled waste water.  相似文献