浅层地下水氟的溶解／沉淀作用的定量研究   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

曾溅辉  刘文生 《地球科学》1996,5(3)

以河北邢台山前平原浅层高氟地下水为例，根据氟的化学热力学分析，确定了控制浅层地下水中氟迁移和富集的固相沉淀物，以及不同化学类型的浅层地下水中含氟固相沉淀物的溶解／沉淀条件；利用浅层地下水化学平衡反应模型和ＰＨＲＥＥＱＥ软件，确定了氟化的稳定区域，计算了氟化钙的饱和指数．研究结果表明，在浅层高氟地下水的整个形成过程中，都表现为氟由固相转入水相的趋势，有利于氟的迁移和富集  相似文献   

中国北部边疆第四系地下水研究     

李国安  韩朝平 《第四纪研究》1996,16(2):105-114

在中国北部边疆西起天山东端的北山，东至大兴安岭北段的４２００ｋｍ地域内，气候干旱少雨，水资源贫乏，第四系地下水是主要供水源之一。本文首次比较系统地研究了该区第四纪堆积物的分布和地下水的赋存规律。文中依据不同地貌单元、地层岩性及气候条件诸因素将本区第四系地下水划分为枝状沟谷砂砾石层孔隙水、河谷冲积平原砂砾石层孔隙水两种主要类型，并着重对有重要供水意义的河谷冲积平原砂砾石层孔隙水的分布、埋藏条件、富水性及水化学特征进行了论述。  相似文献   

地下水稳定运动基本微分方程的三维解法──地下水向承压完整井的运动     

熊道锟  胡济珍 《四川地质学报》1996,(4)

以映射和叠加原理为基础，探讨了均质、等厚承压含水层中地下水向完整井作三维运动时，地下水稳定运动基本微分方程的求解方法，并与裘布衣公式作了对比。由于求解时考虑了地下水流速的水平、垂直分量，故所得结果较裘布衣公式更为准确与合理。  相似文献   

核技术找水二十年     

梁锦华 《物探化探计算技术》1996,(S5)

本文简要地叙述了核技术找水的研究历程 ,阐明了含水构造放射性异常机制和规律探索对方法技术发展的影响。列出了部分县市的实用数据 ,表明在推广应用中 ,核技术找水的成功率高于 75 %。  相似文献   

地质学家重视研究深部（变质）CO_2对古气候的影响   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

王焰新  文冬光 《地学前缘》1996,3(4):274-281

地质学家重视研究深部（变质）ＣＯ２对古气候的影响贾跃明（中国地质矿产信息研究院，北京，１０００３７）近几年来，随着过去全球变化研究的兴起，地质学家越来越重视地质历史时期影响大气ＣＯ２浓度的因素的调查。不少人认为，变质作用和火山活动可能是过去大气中ＣＯ...  相似文献   

河北平原京津以南深层地下水资源形成规律的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭永海  刘淑芬 《地质论评》1996,42(5):410-415

本文应用同位素技术，结合含水岩组水文地质结构特征的分析及地下水动力方法的年龄计算，揭示了河北平原京津以南地区深层地下水的形成规律，得出深 地下水资源补给能力及承受开采能力很低的结论，这为今后深 地下不资源的合理开发利用提供了重要依据。  相似文献   

Geotechnical study of landslides resulting from a highway construction in Jordan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Abdallah I. Husein Malkawi  Salah A. Taqieddin 《Natural Hazards》1996,13(1):1-15

Landslides in Jordan have caused numerous problems during the past 40 years. The most critical slides occurred during the period of 1991/1992 after exceptional heavy rain and snowfall. Many disastrous landslides occurred along the newly reconstructed international highway that links Amman, Jerash and Irbid. Causes for these slides are attributed mainly to the lack of a comprehensive overview and geotechnical understanding of the problem.Many investigators have been interested in this problem of finding an adequate solution to such landslides in Jordan either by using theoretical analysis or by using computer software to solve the slope instability problems. A detailed study was conducted at the Jordan University of Science and Technology to investigate the potential causes and measures for this problem. Seven landslides along the mountainous section of this international highway were reviewed. One of these landslides was thoroughly investigated using a three-dimensional computer program called JUST-SLOPE introduced at the Jordan University of Science and Technology campus. Results of this study indicate that landslides at this site could have been predicted had this technique been applied prior to the occurrence of this slide.  相似文献   

应用Kriging方法研究格尔木河流域地下水位动态观测网的优化配置   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

宋儒 《中国煤田地质》1997,(4)

地下水动态是水文地质研究的一个重要方面，如何获满足一定精度要求全面而合理的地下水位动态资料具有现实经济效益。本文研究格尔木河流域地下水位动态测网，通过选取理想的变差函，运有Ｋｒｉｇｉｎｇ方法进行地下水位的线性无偏最优估计和计算估计误差的标准差，结合给定的允许误差限评判地下水位动态观测网的配置是否合适，并提出调整现有观测网的方案  相似文献   

Geotechnical Hazards Associated with Desert Environment     

Shehata  W.M.  Amin  A.A. 《Natural Hazards》1997,16(1):81-95

The aridity of the Arabian Peninsula's deserts ranges between arid to hyperarid with hot dry climate, scarce precipitation and sparse vegetation. These harsh environmental conditions enhance some geomorphologic processes more than others, cause specific geotechnical problems, and increase desertification.From west to east, the general physiography of Saudi Arabia shows the Red Sea coastal plains and the escarpment foothills called Tihama followed by the Arabian Shield mountains, the Arabian Shelf plateau and finally the Arabian Gulf coastal plains. Sand moves by wind either as drifting sand or migrating dunes in four major sand seas, over the Arabian Shelf, and in the inter-mountain valleys, in the Arabian Shield causing problems of erosion and deposition. Human activities in the deserts may cause more instability to the sand bodies, enlarging the magnitude of the problem. Fine silty soil particles also move by wind, depositing loess mainly in selected areas downwind in the Tihama. These loess deposits subside and may form earth fissures by the process of hydrocompaction upon wetting. The addition of water can be either natural through storms or man-made through human agricultural or civil activities. Extensive sabkhas exist along the coastal plains of both the Red Sea and Arabian Gulf. The sabkha soil may also heave by salt re-crystallization or collapse by wetting. The shallow groundwater brines present in sabkhas also attack and corrode civil structures. Urbanization and excessive groundwater pumping may also deplete the fresh groundwater resources and may cause subsidence, ground fissuring and surface faulting as observed in some locations in the Arabian Shield. Although the average annual precipitation is very low, rain usually falls in the form of torrential storms, collected by dry valley basins and causing floods to unprotected downstream areas on the coastal plains of the Red Sea.The desert environment, being a fragile echo system, needs to be treated with care. Intercommunications between different national and international agencies and education of the layman should help to keep the system balanced and reduce the resulting environmental hazards. In addition, any suggested remedial measures should be planned with nature and engineered with natural materials.  相似文献   

相山铀矿田地下水污染可能性的研究     

刘福林  乔万忠 《铀矿地质》1997,13(3):183-188,192

在相山铀矿床田东部地区，采用同位素技术和放射性水化学技术，对铀矿床地下水放射性污染问题从理论实践两方面方面进行研究，获得了当地雨水线的线性回归方程和在铀矿床的勘探开采过程中不会造成明显的地下水放射性污染的结论  相似文献