Remote gully erosion mapping using aster data and geomorphologic analysis in the Main Ethiopian Rift     

Moncef Bouaziz  Arief Wijaya  Richard Gloaguen 《地球空间信息科学学报》2013,16(4):246-254

The Main Ethiopian Rift (MER) is an area of extreme topography underlain by post-Miocene volcanic rocks, Jurassic limestone and a Precambrian basement. A prime concern is the rapid expansion of wide gullies that are impinging on agricultural land. We investigate the potential contribution of Advanced Space-borne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data and geomorphologic parameters to discern patterns and features of gully erosion in the MER. Maximum Likelihood Classification (MLC), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Minimum Distance (MD) classifiers are used to extract different gully shapes and patterns. Several spatial textures based on Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrices (GLCMs) are then generated. Afterwards, the same classifiers are applied to the ASTER data combined with the spatial texture information. We used geomorphologic parameters extracted from SRTM and ASTER DEMs to describe the geomorphologic setting and the gullies’ shapes. The classifications show accuracies varying between 67% and 89%. Maps derived from this quantitative analysis allow the monitoring and mapping of land degradation as a direct result of gully-widening. This study reveals the utility of combining ASTER data and spatial textural information in discerning areas affected by gully erosion.  相似文献   

基于DEM的延安市沟道提取     

鲍其胜  ;何立恒  ;唐桂兰 《现代测绘》2014,(6):47-49

利用2013年TM遥感图像对基于DEM提取的沟道网络进行人工识别修正后,获取延安市大于或等于1km的沟道总长为35 919km。沟道提取采用单流向坡面流模拟方法中的D8算法,包括填洼处理、流向分析、汇流分析和提取流域特征4个步骤。  相似文献   

岩溶脆弱生态区农业可持续发展模式创新构想——岩溶流水养鱼生态沟驱动模式   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张凤太  王腊春  苏维词  邵技新  杨鸿雁  谭姚  龙守梁  石韦 《热带地理》2012,32(2):210-215

以贵州省为例,借鉴传统农业开发模式,充分挖掘岩溶区资源优势,通过改造传统养鱼业,提升产品质量,将生态农业开发、特色冷水鱼养殖、生态环境保护与旅游业“串并”结合,实现融合互动,提出岩溶区农业可持续发展新模式——岩溶流水养鱼生态沟驱动模式.进而阐述其概念和内涵,在此基础上,从资源依托性、经济价值、生态效应、交通和市场角度,分析该模式在岩溶区实施的可行性.研究表明:岩溶流水养鱼生态沟驱动模式是有别于岩溶区传统农业发展模式的创新模式,在岩溶区具有推广的可行性以及生态和经济价值,是充分利用当地资源,使农业增产,农民  相似文献   

基于GIS的侵蚀冲沟与地貌因子的关系     

何福红  高丙舰  王焕芝  王瑞  赛莉莉 《地理研究》2013,32(10):1856-1864

冲沟是多种外力作用的结果,展示为多种地貌现象。选择胶东半岛北岩子口小流域作为研究对象,以正射影像（DOM）和数字高程模型（DEM）为数据源,选择土地利用、地形湿度指数、坡度坡长因子、水流动力指数、坡向、平面曲率和地表粗糙度等7个地貌因子,计算小流域土壤侵蚀敏感性,研究侵蚀冲沟与地貌因子的关系。结果表明:冲沟多发生在坡度坡长较大、水流动力强、地表湿度较低的林草地区域,多分布在阳坡的凹面;冲沟大多分布在土壤侵蚀中等敏感性及以上的区域,约占总冲沟的96.4%;在土壤侵蚀中等敏感性及以上区域,实验权重值对验证区冲沟分布的响应精度为87.9%,与实际值93.3%相差较小,精度较高。研究结果可为区域内冲沟侵蚀的评价提供一定科学依据。  相似文献   

Balkas – a new look at a common landform of the East European Plain,from a Quaternary perspective     

Andrei V. Matoshko 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2012,37(14):1489-1500

Balkas (large Quaternary gullies) of the south‐western part of the East European Plain (and their analogues in Central and Western Europe) are considered in terms of their geomorphology, lithology, sedimentology, modern surface processes, stratigraphy and palaeogeography. Features attributed to balkas in comparison with regular gullies and small river valleys are described. Balkas are widespread elements of the modern landscape with the same characteristic gentle‐concave bottom as regular gullies, and with or without weakly incised river channels. Buried gully incisions of different ages (post‐Gelasian) with the same shape are also revealed below modern Balkas. They are infilled by characteristic balka alluvial, slope and even lacustrine‐bog deposits, in places representing compound sequences of fluvial‐aeolian sedimentation. The fluvial part reflects multiple series of ephemeral episodes of increased water and sediment supply within temporary streams. Two conspicuous series supposedly fall within the final stages of the Dnieper (late Middle Pleistocene) and Valdai (Late Pleistocene) glaciations. Different ideas concerning the increase of surface runoff and erodibility of soils that might favour active balkas under conditions of land‐ice decay and permafrost, including its degradation, are discussed. The development of balkas included relatively short phases of incision and accumulation interrupted by much longer periods of inactivity, when they were subjected to surface processes in a subaerial environment or left as a relic. However, during active phases they served as important and powerful depositories and arteries of rill–gully–balka sedimentation systems, collecting and transmitting eroded material to the river valleys. These phases are related to climatic oscillations and were to some degree independent of fluvial processes affecting the permanent streams. Most of the Middle‐Late Pleistocene balkas retained their primary features, having subsequently been incorporated into the erosional network. In contrast, some of them were totally infilled and disappeared from the landscape. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

The erosive growth of hillside gullies          下载免费PDF全文

Calvin W. Rose  Bofu Yu  Douglas P. Ward  Nina E. Saxton  Jon M. Olley  Errol K. Tews 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2014,39(15):1989-2001

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EVALUATION OF RILL AND EPHEMERAL GULLY EROSION IN CULTIVATED AREAS OF NAVARRE （SPAIN）     

L. M. De SANTISTEBAN  J. CASALí  J. J. L 《国际泥沙研究》2005,20(3):270-280

Although there is much evidence of intense soil erosion in cultivated areas of Navarre （Spain）, scarce information currently is available regarding soil loss rates, the spatial and temporal distribution of erosion, and the factors controlling these processes. Rills and ephemeral gullies are frequently responsible for a high percentage of total soil erosion, and these features can be considered a good approximation for the minimum erosion rates. With the main purpose of determining the annual soil loss rates in cultivated areas of Central Navarre, a detailed assessment of rainfall and rill and gully erosion was made in 19 small watersheds cultivated with winter grains or vineyards. The study period spanned from 1995 to 2001. For cereal watersheds, soil losses were caused by only one or two rainfall events each year. High erosion rates were observed （0.20-11.50 kg/m^2 per year）. In vineyards, soil losses were caused by several rainfall events each year, occurring year round. High erosion rates were observed in these vineyards （0.33 y 16.19 kg/m^2 per year）. No erosion was observed in those cultivated watersheds with no-till practices. It can be concluded that rill and ephemeral gully erosion can be very significant in Mediterranean regions, and much more attention should be paid to the problem.  相似文献   

EVALUATION OF TOPOGRAPHIC INDICES FOR EPHEMERAL-GULLY EROSION ASSESSMENT     

J. CASALI L. M. De SANTISTEBAN J. J. LOPEZ J. V. GIRALDEZ J. POESEN J. NACHTERGAELE M. GONI J. LOIZU M. A. CAMPO 《国际泥沙研究》2005,20(4):295-304

1 INTRODUCTION Erosion caused by ephemeral flows is a frequent phenomenon in nature and contributes to the shape of the landscape. This type of erosion may cause great soil losses in agricultural areas, which are quickly transferred to the watershed outlets through the rill and gully network (Bennett et al., 2000; Poesen et al., 2003). Concentrated flow erosion is controlled by the erodibility of surface materials, climate, soil use and management, and watershed topography. Several metho…  相似文献   

吉林省镇赉县西北沟井区上白垩统姚家组油砂矿水文地质条件分析     

徐飞  王书琴  金奇杰  穆业峰  张鸿雁 《吉林地质》2019,38(3):81-83

吉林省镇赉县西北沟井区上白垩统姚家组油砂矿局部构造不发育,矿床矿层埋藏在当地侵蚀基准面以下,区内分布有上部潜水和深部承压水,均为中等富水性含水层,前者补给来源为大气降水,后者为区域地下水径流补给,矿床水文地质条件属简单类型。  相似文献   

Gully,channel and hillslope erosion – an assessment for a traditionally managed catchment     

G R Hancock  K G Evans 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2010,35(12):1468-1479

Understanding landscape features such as gullying and soil erosion is an important issue in the long‐term dynamics and evolution of both natural, agricultural and rehabilitated (i.e. post‐mining) landscapes. Considerable research has been undertaken examining the initiation, movement and overall dynamics of such features. This study reports on a series of 34 gully heads and other erosion features, such as scour holes (five in total), located in channels in a catchment largely undisturbed by European activity in the Northern Territory, Australia over a 5 year period (2002–2007). During this period the erosion features were monitored for their headward advance/retreat, enlargement or in‐filling. The erosion features ranged in depth from 0.2 m to 1.5 m and widths of 0.3 m to 8 m. Hillslope erosion was also monitored using erosion pins. The catchment was subject to a range of rainfall regimes including extreme rainfall and a Category 5 cyclone and also was burnt every second year so that all grass cover was removed according to traditional management practice. The results of this monitoring show that the erosion features have changed little during this 5 year period. A remote sensing assessment found no relationship between erosion feature morphology and hillslope erosion. The monitored gullies heads and scour holes appear to be resilient landscape features, yet have a morphology that suggests they are ready for rapid headward movement and expansion, leading to a destabilisation of the catchment. Hillslope erosion was found to be related to wetness indices derived from a digital elevation model. Significant linkages were found between hillslope erosion and change in erosion feature depth, indicative of a strong hillslope–channel coupling. Copyright © 2010 Commonwealth of Australia  相似文献