河北牛驼镇与天津地热田水化学和氢氧同位素特征及其环境指示意义     

杨吉龙  柳富田  贾志  袁海帆  胥勤勉  胡云壮 《地球学报》2018,39(1):71-78

本文分析了河北牛驼镇和天津两个中低温地热田水化学、氢氧同位素分布特征及其反映的地热水赋存环境。结果表明:两个地热田系统存在明显差异,从浅部第四系地下水到雾迷山组地热水存在各自的混合线。不同层位的浅层地下水、地热水物理混合作用明显。地热田蓟县系雾迷山组和奥陶系高温地热水与碳酸岩含水介质发生的水-岩相互作用,造成了δ18O发生飘移;馆陶组和明化镇组地热水主要是浅部第四系地下水与雾迷山组和奥陶系地热水发生混和作用的结果。牛驼镇地热田雾迷山组和奥陶系地热水中Cl~–和HCO_3~–含量增高的同时,SO_4~(2-)含量随之减小(0.20~1.30 mg/L),明显低于天津地热田雾迷山组及奥陶系地热水中的SO_4~(2-)含量(273~394 mg/L),指示牛驼镇地热田雾迷山组和奥陶系地热水发生了明显的脱硫酸作用。水化学、氢氧同位素分布特征揭示了牛驼镇地热田雾迷山组和奥陶系地热水处在还原环境中,与浅部第四系地下水水力联系弱,主要以侧向径流补给为主,而天津地热田奥陶系和雾迷山组地热水与浅部第四系地下水水力联系较强,同时存在垂向和侧向径流补给。牛驼镇和天津两个地热田均具有巨大的地热资源开发潜力,但在开发过程中要坚持资源环境并重的原则,保障地热资源的持续利用。  相似文献   

涞源北盆地地下水氢氧同位素特征及北海泉形成模式          下载免费PDF全文

王忠亮  郭春艳  张彦鹏 《水文地质工程地质》2021,48(1):27-35

拒马源泉群作为拒马河的源头,受到了较多专家和学者的关注。但这些研究多集中在地下水的水化学、水位动态、泉流量等特征上,对地下水氢氧同位素特征的分析几乎没有,且对北海泉的成因解释多为粗略的定性概述。为了说明涞源北盆地地下水的氢氧同位素特征,详细揭示北海泉的形成模式,首次系统地采集了不同含水岩组的地下水样品,测定了水样的氢氧同位素组分。结果表明:样品点δD和δ18O值均落在区域大气降水线上或附近,大气降水是研究区地下水的主要补给来源;白云岩、灰岩含水岩组高程效应较明显,径流途径长,松散含水层径流途径短,受蒸发作用较强;白云岩、灰岩含水岩组和松散含水层氘盈余d值分别为6.0‰～11.6‰、4.2‰～11.2‰、3.8‰～8.0‰,较大气降水大部分偏小,表明岩溶水和松散孔隙水经历了不同的流动过程;白云岩、灰岩含水岩组从补给区向排泄区各自流动过程中,在小西庄、香炉屯村附近断裂带发生沟通混合,然后在向盆地中心径流过程中受断层阻水上升,上升过程中又接受了松散孔隙水的补给,最后在松散岩层中出露成泉,形成北海泉。在孔隙水混入前,两者的平均补给比例大约为48.4%～57.6%和42.4%～51.6%。  相似文献   

甘肃省鹿儿坝金矿流体包裹体研究:对流体演化和成矿机制的探讨     

常铭  刘家军  杨永春  翟德高  周淑敏  王建平 《现代地质》2021,35(6):1576-1586

西秦岭地区矿产丰富,金资源储量巨大。国内学者对于该区域的众多金矿床开展了大量成矿流体性质及来源的研究工作,但是并没有形成统一的认识;此外,西秦岭礼(县)—岷(县)成矿带,合作—鹿儿坝—崖湾金、汞、锑多金属成矿亚带的成矿流体研究工作比较薄弱。鹿儿坝金矿床为该成矿带的一个代表性金矿床,其赋存于三叠统浊积岩建造中,属于微细粒浸染型金矿。主成矿阶段热液石英脉及方解石脉中流体包裹体主要为H₂O气液两相包裹体,少见纯气相包裹体、纯液相包裹体、CO₂-H₂O三相包裹体。包裹体均一温度范围为81~247 ℃,盐度范围为1.23%~10.98%。流体包裹体气相成分以水为主,还有少量的CH₄、CO₂、H₂等。氢、氧同位素实验数据表明,流体中δD_V-SMOW值变化范围为-84.4‰~-96.0‰、δ¹⁸O值的变化范围为-4.20‰~6.45‰,表明成矿流体来源并非单一,可能为岩浆水与大气降水混合来源。此外,构造体制的转换造成流体沸腾,导致了大规模金等物质沉淀、聚集、成矿。  相似文献   

Composition and Evolution of Hydrogen Isotopes of n-Akanes Generated from Anhydrous Pyrolysis of Sediments from Lake Gahai,Gannan, China     

DUAN Yi  WU Yingzhong  XING Lantian  LI Zhongping  ZHANG Ting 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(5):1725-1735

To understand the thermal evolution of lacustrine sedimentary n-alkane hydrogen isotopic composition (δD), especially bacterially derived n-alkanes, anhydrous thermal simulation experiments were performed with sediments from Lake Gahai (Gannan, China). We analyzed the original and pyrolysis-generated n-alkanes and their δD values. The results showed that thermal maturity and n-alkane origins significantly affected the distribution of pyrolysis-generated n-alkanes. In immature to post-mature sediments, the bacterial-derived medium-chain n-alkanes generally had depleted δD values. The maximum difference in average δD values between the bacterial-and herbaceous plant-derived medium-chain n-alkanes was 32‰, and the maximum difference in δD values among individual n-alkanes was 59‰. We found that the average δD value of pyrolysis-generated n-alkanes from different latitude was significantly different in immature to highly mature sediments, but similar in post-mature ssediments. The hydrogen isotopes of sedimentary n-alkanes can be used as indicators for paleoclimate/paleo-environment conditions only when sediments are immature to highly mature. During thermal evolution, the δD value of generated individual n-alkanes and the average δD value increased with thermal maturity, indicating that hydrogen isotopes of sedimentary n-alkanes can be used as an index of organic matter maturity. We established mathematical models of average δD values of generated n-alkanes from immature to post-mature sediments using nC21?/nC21+ and average chain lengths. These results improve our understanding of the distribution and δD value of sedimentary n-alkanes derived from herbaceous plants in mid-latitude plateau cold regions.  相似文献   

Study of diclofenac removal by the application of combined zero-valent iron and calcium peroxide nanoparticles in groundwater          下载免费PDF全文

Liang Wen  Zhou Nian-qing  Dai Chao-meng  Duan Yan-ping  Zhou Lang  Tu Yao-jen 《地下水科学与工程》2021,9(3):171-180

Diclofenac(DCF) is one of the most frequently detected pharmaceuticals in groundwater, posing a great threat to the environment and human health due to its toxicity. To mitigate the DCF contamination,experiments on DCF degradation by the combined process of zero-valent iron nanoparticles(nZVI) and nano calcium peroxide(nCaO_2) were performed. A batch experiment was conducted to examine the influence of the adding dosages of both nZVI and nCaO_2 nanoparticles and pH value on the DCF removal.In the meantime, the continuous-flow experiment was done to explore the sustainability of the DCF degradation by jointly adding nZVI/nCaO_2 nanoparticles in the reaction system. The results show that the nZVI/nCaO_2 can effectively remove the DCF in the batch test with only 0.05 g/L nZVI and 0.2 g/L nCaO_2 added, resulting in a removal rate of greater than 90% in a 2-hour reaction with an initial pH of 5. The degradation rate of DCF was positively correlated with the dosage of nCaO_2, and negatively correlated with both nZVI dosage and the initial pH value. The order of significance of the three factors is identified as pH value nZVI dosage nCaO_2 dosage. In the continuous-flow reaction system, the DCF removal rates remained above 75% within 150 minutes at the pH of 5, with the applied dosages of 0.5 g/L for nZVI and 1.0 g/L for nCaO_2. These results provide a theoretical basis for the nZVI/nCaO_2 application to remove DCF in groundwater.  相似文献   

Using GIS for modelling the impact of current climate trend on the recharge area of the S. Susanna spring (central Apennines,Italy)     

M. Spadoni  M. Brilli  F. Giustini  M. Petitta 《水文研究》2010,24(1):50-64

Though the S. Susanna spring system is one of the biggest water sources in the central Apennines, its hydrogeological dynamics have been scarcely investigated. This study tried to clarify some of the factors controlling the recharge/discharge processes of this spring by modelling the available climate series, water balance equations and new isotopic and quantitative data, using statistical and raster overlay functions embedded in a Geographic Information System (GIS). Oxygen and hydrogen isotopic data were recorded monthly over a 2‐year period at the spring itself and in eight rain gauges in Reatini Mountains. The effective infiltration rate was calculated using the Kennessey coefficients and the Turc equation. Finally, the recharge area was identified with the help of an expert evaluation procedure. Local δ¹⁸O and δD versus altitude regression curves were used to validate the digital recharge model by comparing their expected values with the values actually measured. Recharge process was framed within the perspective of the ongoing local climate trends. The current discharge rate of 4·1 m³·s^?1 is significantly lower than the average value of 5·5 m³·s^?1 measured up to the 1980s, confirming the fall in the recharge/discharge rate. The hydrogeological system shows a delayed response, due to an average groundwater residence time in the aquifer, which is estimated to be about 15/20 years on the basis of the offset between calculated and observed isotope data at the main spring. For this reason the system is presently not equilibrated and is gradually changing towards a final equilibrium discharge estimated in about 3·4 m³·s^?1. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

微量水氢氧同位素在线同时测试技术——热转换元素分析同位素比质谱法   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

刘运德  甘义群  余婷婷  刘存富  周爱国 《岩矿测试》2010,29(6):643-647

水中氢氧同位素组成的时空差异性,为水循环、古气候环境反演、水源识别等研究提供了一种非常有效的技术手段。文章采用热转换元素分析同位素比质谱法(TC/EA-IRMS),实现了在线单次分析过程中同时测定微量水的δD和1δ8O,用样量仅需0.2μL;δD和1δ8O的分析精度分别为0.81‰和0.06‰。通过分类测试(δD值相差小于50‰的水样和标准水列为同一类进行测试)等措施可消除记忆效应,同时实现对测试结果的精确校正,而无需准确标定参考气和测定H3+因子。  相似文献   

气相色谱-同位素比值质谱法测定天然气水合物气体单体碳氢同位素   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  

贺行良  刘昌岭  王江涛  张媛媛  孟庆国 《岩矿测试》2012,31(1):154-158

天然气水合物气体同位素组成数据是其气体成因、运移与积聚过程研究的重要参数。目前天然气水合物气体单体碳、氢同位素仪器分析技术主要借鉴天然气的分析方法,但对水合物气的分解、收集、储存等前处理技术缺乏系统研究。本文利用气相色谱-同位素比值质谱(GC-IRMS)技术,对比研究了顶空法、注射器法和排水法等水合物气体分解与收集方法的实用性,以及铝塑气袋和丁基橡胶塞密封的玻璃顶空瓶对分解气的储存效果。实验结果表明:在丁基橡胶塞密封的玻璃顶空瓶内真空分解且原位储存是水合物气体单体碳、氢同位素分析的最佳前处理方法。方法标准偏差为0.12‰～0.23‰[δ13C-(C1-C3,CO2)]、1.0‰～1.8‰[δD-(C1-C3)];相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为0.38%～0.86%[δ13C-(C1-C3,CO2)]、0.62%～1.00%[δD-(C1-C3)]。通过对南海神狐海域、祁连山冻土区、人工合成水合物样品的分析测定,表明该方法简便实用、适用范围宽,可满足天然气水合物气体单体碳、氢同位素的分析要求。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地油田水的成因与演化   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

蔡春芳  曾凡刚 《地质论评》1997,43(6):650-657

塔里木盆地油田水具有高矿化度，相对贫镁，富钙，富锶等特点，在含油层中铝浓度高，铝可能以有机络合物形成存在。氢氧同位素测量值表明；侏罗系，三叠系及寒武系－奥陶系内幕油田水为成岩改造原生水；白垩系，第三系为同生沉积水蒸发五余；侏罗系与石炭系，三叠系与石炭系的不整合面附近及奥陶系顶部，塔中地区石炭系是淡水与成岩改造或蒸发残余原生水混合成因。  相似文献   

氢同位素分析样品制备新方法   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

唐富荣  李月芳等 《岩矿测试》2001,20(3):179-182

发展了氢同位素分析新方法－石墨还原法，其分析精度达到1．5‰，优于常规的金属还原法。通过多次改进，设计了简单而可靠的氢气制备系统及反应管，经反复试验，确定了石墨还原法的最佳反应条件为反应时间10min，反应温度1050℃，将石墨的法与传统的金属锌还原法进行了对比实验，两种方法对多个水样的测量结果保持在误差范围内，进一步确立了石墨还原法的可靠性。  相似文献