温度、盐度和密度交互作用对波纹巴非蛤幼贝生长的影响     

陈志  高如承  胡青  李鹏  赖素兰 《海洋科学》2013,37(8):55-60

为查明波纹巴非蛤(Paphia undulata)幼贝最适生长条件,采用响应面法研究了温度、盐度和密度交互作用对波纹巴非蛤幼贝生长的影响。利用Box-Behnken中心组合进行3因素3水平的实验设计(3因素为温度(A),盐度(B),密度(C);3水平为-1,0,1),以幼贝生长率为响应值,以A(26℃,28℃,30℃)、B(28,30,32)和C(0.56,1.4,2.24个/cm2)为影响因子。实验结果表明：(1)盐度对幼贝生长影响最显著(P<0.05),3种生态因子对幼贝生长率影响程度大小顺序是：B>A>C;(2)通过SAS软件分析,得出波纹巴非蛤幼贝最适生长环境组合是温度为26.93℃、盐度为31.39、密度为1.12个/cm2,理论最佳生长率为41.47%。为验证响应面法预测结果的准确性,以预测结果为实验条件,相同实验时间后,得到的生长率为42.30%,结果与理论预测值相近,响应面方法可靠。  相似文献   

Description of the larval development of Galaxies maculatus in landlocked lentic and lotic systems in Western Australia     

Andrew Chapman  David L. Morgan  Howard S. Gill 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(2):563-569

The larvae and larval development of Galaxias maculatus are described from a freshwater lake and a saline river in southwestern Western Australia. The size at hatching (7.0 mm total length) was similar to that recorded elsewhere for G. maculatus and the sequence of fin development (i.e., caudal, dorsal, anal, pectoral, and pelvic fins) was identical to that recorded for galaxiids generally. There were relative increases in the proportions of head length and body depth with larval growth and a decrease in proportion of pre‐anal length. Larvae from river habitats were smaller throughout larval stages of development than those from the lake. Fins of riverine fish began and completed development at a smaller size of fish than the lacustrine population, presumably as a response to the need for great motility at a smaller fish size in lotic environments.  相似文献   

动物性饵料对脉红螺(Rapana venosa)幼体的吸引性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

潘洋  张立斌  张涛  王平川  潘恒倩  班绍君  毕可智 《海洋与湖沼》2013,44(6):1578-1583

采用生态学方法进行了新鲜和煮熟的动物性饵料对脉红螺(Rapana venosa)浮游幼体的吸引作用研究。结果表明, 脉红螺浮游幼体在4螺层期是食性转换期, 且在幼体到达3螺层后期的第1—6天是投放附着基和动物性饵料的最佳时期。此外, 新鲜和熟的双壳贝类肉对脉红螺幼体有明显的吸引力, 吸附于新鲜贝肉上的4螺层幼体占吸附幼体总数的48.61%, 显著大于其它螺层幼体; 脉红螺幼体选择新鲜紫贻贝肉的比例为33.75%, 显著大于菲律宾蛤仔(24.08%)、中国蛤蜊(18.97%)和长牡蛎(23.19%); 而熟贝肉中, 长牡蛎对幼体的吸引作用显著大于紫贻贝、菲律宾蛤仔、中国蛤蜊、海湾扇贝边粉和空白对照; 新鲜紫贻贝和熟长牡蛎肉具有作为脉红螺幼体食性转换期动物性饵料的开发潜力。  相似文献   

Early development of Forsterygion varium,Gilloblennius decemdigitatus,and G. tripennis (Pisces: Tripterygiidae)     

J. G. Ruck 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(3):313-326

In the Wellington area (central New Zealand) Forsterygion varium (Forster, in Bloch & Schneider 1801) spawns from early June to late November, Gilloblennius decemdigitatus (Clarke, 1879) from early June to early October, and G. tripennis (Forster, in Bloch & Schneider 1801) from July to October. They deposit their eggs on firm substrates below the low tide level. Egg clusters are attended by an adult fish until hatching, which in the laboratory at 11.5–13.5°C, occurs after 18 days for F. varium and 20 days for G. decemdigitatus. Development to hatching for G. tripennis takes about 21 days at 13–15°c. The egg development of all three species is illustrated. The yolk‐sac larvae (prolarvae) of F. varium, G. decemdigitatus, and G. tripennis at hatching average 5.85, 5.03, and 5.72 mm standard length respectively. Yolk‐sac larvae of F. varium have a single row of 9–17 small, stellate melanophores along the ventral midline of the tail. The yolk‐sac larvae of G. tripennis have up to nine melanophores along the ventral midline of the tail, a medium‐sized melanophore above the optic lobes, and a further two above the medulla. The yolk‐sac larvae of G. decemdigitatus have three large mid‐dorsal melanophores interspersed with five smaller, paler pigment cells, and three large mid‐ventral melanophores interspersed with three of the smaller cells.  相似文献   

Geographical distribution and age composition of Euphausia superba larvae (Crustacea：Euphausiacea) in the South Shetland Islands region and southern Scotia Sea in relation to environmental conditions     

GAO Qian  XU Zhaoli  HUANG Hongliang  CHEN Xuezhong  FENG Chunlei  LI Lingzhi 《海洋学报(英文版)》2013,32(11):59-67

Spatial distribution patterns of the different life stages of Euphausia superba in the region of the South Shet- land Islands and southern Scotia Sea （Antarctica） were assessed based on scientific survey data collected in lanuary and February of 2010. Adults, eggs, nauplii, metanauplii, calyptopis I-Ill, and furcilia I-II were found in the investigation. The abundance of larvae averaged 1 172.8 ind./mz, with calyptopis I and II as the dominant stages. Habitat occupancy patterns varied among Euphausia superba at different stages, and three sub-regions were identified by cluster analysis. The degree of larval development increased from west to east. Larvae were not observed north of the South Shetland Islands. Calyptopis I was predominant in the water between Elephant Island and the South Orkney Islands, which featured no thermocline. Older stages, including calyptopis II and III and furcilia I and II, were common in north and northeast of the South Orkney Islands, which were characterized by high temperature and high chlorophyll concentration. Distri- bution and abundance of the early life stages of E. superba were associated with specific environmental con- ditions. According to Biota-Environment matching （BIOENV）, the distributions of E. superba larvae were correlated with a combination of temperature at the surface and 200 m, and 0-100 m integrated chlorophyll a concentration.  相似文献   

中国近海洄游日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)玻璃鳗肠道微生物菌群分析          下载免费PDF全文

姜之信  李慷  巴旭冰  曾祥标  刘利平 《海洋与湖沼》2023,54(6):1728-1736

为研究长江口日本鳗鲡玻璃鳗肠道菌群的结构与多样性特征,初步探究野生鳗鲡仔鱼的营养需求,分别采集浙江台州市、舟山市以及江苏盐城市邻近海域的玻璃鳗样品,利用16S rDNA扩增子测序技术,分析三个采样点玻璃鳗肠道优势菌群及营养代谢相关的功能差异。结果显示,三个采样点的玻璃鳗肠道菌群均以变形菌门(Proteobacteria, 68.7%～82.0%)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria,4.2%～19.0%)为主要优势菌门。在属分类水平上,不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter, 12.4%～17.3%)和假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas, 8.07%～13.03%)丰度较高,属固定优势菌属。此外,每个采样点样本中都含有丰富的独特细菌群,包括台州市的气单胞菌属(Aeromonas)、舟山市的内生单胞属(Endozoicomonas)和丙酸杆菌属(Cutibacterium)以及盐城市的嗜冷杆菌属(Psychrobacter)和稳杆菌属(Empedobacter),推测是受采样点不同水环境因素影响。不动杆菌、假单胞菌、内生单胞菌等菌属在多种鱼类肠道中有着消化蛋白质的功能,气单胞菌虽属于...  相似文献