Firm entry modes and Chinese business networks: Malaysian investments in Vietnam          下载免费PDF全文

Guanie Lim 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2016,37(2):176-194

This paper examines the Malaysian Chinese firms that have expanded into Vietnam. Based on research and qualitative personal interviews with Malaysian Chinese firms that have invested in Vietnam, the paper unpacks the entry modes that these firms have undertaken. It argues that the Malaysian Chinese firms prefer joint ventures in their Vietnamese businesses to wholly‐owned subsidiaries and personal direct investments. This paper also argues that such investments are often embedded in social and intraethnic ties, which connect Malaysian Chinese firms with Vietnam's ethnic Chinese businessmen. To this end, these firms tend to rely on informal ties and nonmarket institutions in the form of the ethnic Chinese business networks. Nevertheless, the Malaysian Chinese firms are not averse to collaborating with nonethnic Chinese firms that enjoy a good relationship with the Vietnamese state. This observation is especially marked in the property and construction, and finance sectors.  相似文献   

东北三省对外直接投资空间格局及影响因素   总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0  

郑蕾  刘毅  刘卫东 《地理科学》2016,36(9):1329-1337

对外直接投资不仅是东北三省建立全方位开放型经济体制的必经阶段,也是实现全面经济振兴的重要契机。在中国进入对外投资加速发展阶段的背景下,“一带一路”战略、东北亚经济圈建设等为东北三省对外直接投资发展提供了机遇。利用2003~2014年的省际对外直接投资规模、境外投资机构等数据,全面分析了东北三省对外直接投资的发展路径、空间特征及其在国内地位,并采用地理加权回归（GWR）模型深入地分析了东北三省对外直接投资的关键影响因素及其时空差异,最后提出相应的空间发展战略及政策建议。研究表明：① 东北三省对外直接投资主要集中在农、林、矿等资源型行业,具有显著的贸易服务、市场服务特征,并且对政府和国有经济的依赖较大;② 技术水平和金融环境对东北三省对外直接投资的推动力仍有较大的提升空间;③ 未来东北三省应推进企业联合投资和空间差异化投资战略,发挥国有企业的投资带动作用,加强对科技型企业和技术追寻型对外直接投资的鼓励和支持。  相似文献   

Visa restrictions and economic globalisation     

《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2017

The cross-border mobility of people, goods and services, and capital has expanded enormously both in intensity and diversity over recent decades. States have a general interest in facilitating these flows in order to benefit from economic globalisation. Yet, mainly due to security concerns, most governments grant visa-free mobility only very selectively. Drawing on a new bilateral visa policy database covering up to 194 destination and 214 origin countries over the 1995 to 2013 period, our analysis finds that the introduction of a visa restriction by a destination country for citizens from a particular origin country deters tourism inflows by about 20 per cent. Visa restrictions also reduce bilateral trade and foreign investment, but to a smaller extent than previous studies have suggested. We further find that some of the deterred flows in tourists and goods and services are redirected to other (visa-free) destinations. This deterrence-cum-deflection effect of restrictive visa policies implies significant economic costs for both visa-issuing and visa-targeted countries, but it creates some positive externalities for countries with a more liberal visa policy. Liberalised visa policies would in particular help poorer countries to partake more in the benefits of economic globalisation.  相似文献   

卫星导航技术在PDA上的应用研究     

马红皎  胡永辉  华宇 《时间频率学报》2005,28(1):46-53

对卫星导航技术在PDA(personal digital assistant,个人数字助理)上的应用作了研究。主要介绍GPS卫星信号的提取、发送及其与PDA之间的数据通信格式。  相似文献   

中国地质工作转型升级中的资金投入特征     

姜杉钰  王峰  樊笑英 《地质论评》2022,68(6):2022112003-2022112003

通过对当前地质工作转型升级时期的资金投入分析,梳理了财政投入和社会资金的现状特征和问题,进而提出了对策建议。研究结果显示,中国的地质工作正处于转型升级期,在资金投入上主要表现出资金投下滑总体趋势放缓、矿产勘查资金供需矛盾突出、新旧动能转换引领投资分化、科技和信息化投入仍需提升、投入空间格局正发生转变五大特征。研究认为,为进一步优化资金投入以适应新的发展形势,应该以中长期战略引领投资布局,强化两级财政的协同配合,多措并举吸引社会资本注入,完善财政投入评估调整机制。  相似文献   

哈萨克斯坦主要矿产资源特征及矿业投资环境     

高永伟  刘明义  张丹丹  张宇轩  李旭拓  曹凯 《地质与勘探》2022,58(2):454-464

哈萨克斯坦地处中亚核心位置,是丝绸之路经济带的重要节点和战略枢纽,具有丰富的矿产资源,地缘政治经济意义重大,是中国企业开展国际矿业投资合作的重要目标国之一。本文在系统梳理哈萨克斯坦基本国情、主要矿产资源特征及开发现状、地质工作程度和地矿管理体系等基础上,对哈萨克斯坦的矿业投资环境进行了评价,分析了矿业投资的有利和不利条件。研究认为哈萨克斯坦矿产资源禀赋优势突出,油气、铀、铬、金、钨、铅、锌及铜等矿种的资源储量居世界前列;全国仅有10%～15%的已探明矿产资源处于开发阶段,采矿业发展潜力巨大;哈萨克斯坦的总体投资环境优越,吸引外资力度逐渐加大,矿产勘探开发水平不断提升。但中国企业开展矿业投资也存在竞争力不足,以及面临政策法规不稳定、地质技术资料不可靠及运营等方面的风险。为此,建议中国投资者一方面要加强对哈萨克斯坦优势矿产的投资力度,积极拓展合作方式及合作领域;另一方面要注重与哈萨克斯坦各利益集团建立良好关系,结合企业优势,综合评价矿业项目,做好风险预警防范;同时,在投资过程中要尊重地方文化习俗,积极履行社会责任。  相似文献   

几内亚矿产开发现状及矿业投资展望     

宋崇宇 《地质与勘探》2021,57(6):1287-1296

几内亚矿产资源丰富,铝土矿储量居世界首位,拥有宁巴山和西芒杜两座世界级铁矿床,石墨、金、金刚石等矿产资源也较丰富。矿业在其国民经济中占有十分重要的地位,丰富的资源吸引了力拓、俄罗斯铝业等国际大型矿业公司和赢联盟、中国铝业集团、中国河南国际等中资矿企在几内亚从事矿业开发。中几两国友好交往源远流长,经济互利合作不断发展。中国是几内亚第一大铝土矿出口国,同时也是几内亚第二大进口来源国,据商务部统计,2019年我与几内亚双边贸易额同比增长17.6%。本文系统梳理了几内亚的地质概况、主要矿产资源、勘查开发现状,认为几内亚丰富的矿产资源与我国具有良好的资源互补性。双方矿业合作互利共赢,随着政府及企业在基础设施建设的投资不断增加,几内亚矿业投资前景良好,有望成为中国海外矿业新基地。  相似文献   

非洲锆矿资源地质特征及勘查开发     

张振芳 《地质与勘探》2021,57(6):1257-1268

非洲的锆资源丰富,沿海岸带成群连片分布。通过对非洲51个锆矿床（点）的地质特征、时空分布及勘查开发历史和现状等进行分析研究,查明非洲的锆资源具有分布集中、规模大、易采易选,伴生矿物种类多,综合利用价值高等特点。非洲已查明锆储量占全球52%,其中莫桑比克、南非、马达加斯加、塞内加尔和肯尼亚集中了非洲99%的锆矿资源。矿床类型以滨海锆砂矿为主,矿体多为平行海岸线的沙丘群,通常为上新世-全新世未固结的薄而平坦的砂层,走向延伸10~100km,重矿物以锆石、金红石和钛铁矿为主,含量2%~12%。非洲锆矿的勘查始于20世纪20年代的尼罗河三角洲,开发始于20世纪50年代的南非,特诺、力拓等大型矿业公司是非洲锆矿开发的主力,济南域潇集团等中资企业近年来积极参与。非洲的锆矿开发主要集中在南非和莫桑比克,近10年来的产量约占全球锆产量的40%,成为全球主要锆资源供应地。马达加斯加和肯尼亚的锆矿资源丰富,是与中国签署共建“一带一路”谅解备忘录的国家,与中国在锆矿资源领域的合作潜力巨大。  相似文献   

China's Urban Transition     

《The Journal of geography》2012,111(3):394-403

Abstract

Urbanization in China is proceeding rapidly in step with population growth and a structural shift in employment from farming to industrial, commercial, and service jobs. Two additional causal factors drive the recent rapid urbanization. First, policies related to migration and household registration have been relaxed to allow more farmers to move to cities as transient workers. Second, economic reforms have resulted in new rules and regulations that promote foreign investment and trade activities in coastal areas. The results are seen in the emergence of four extended metropolitan regions in coastal areas (Shanghai-Nanjing, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan, Canton-Hong Kong, and Dalian-Shenyang). These metro regions have markedly different demographic, employment, migration, and foreign investment patterns from other parts of China. Such patterns presage the likely future form of China's urbanization as the country enters a period of accelerated urbanization.  相似文献   

Production and R&D networks of foreign ventures in China: Implications for technological dynamism and regional development   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Y.H. Dennis Wei  Yu Zhou 《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2012,32(1):106-118

This paper analyzes the nature of FDI local networks in production and R&D activities in China and discusses their implications for technological dynamism and regional development. We investigate foreign ventures (or foreign-invested enterprises, FIEs) in the information and communication technology (ICT) industry, based on a large-scale survey of ICT firms conducted in three mega-city regions of China: Beijing, Shanghai-Suzhou, and Shenzhen-Dongguan. Our data show that FIEs in China are gradually localizing their production, but the extent of local embeddedness is contingent upon home country effects, local specific contexts and FDI-host region relationships. We have also found significant influence of industrial agglomeration on FDI location and network decisions. Beijing tends to have broader FDI sources and better integrated global-local networks, while in those regions dominated by FDI such as Suzhou and Dongguan, FIEs are thinly embedded with local economies and tend to establish global-local networks among themselves; local embeddedness is limited by a series of technological, institutional, spatial, and structural mismatches. Shanghai and Shenzhen are in between. More efforts are still needed to better integrate FDI with local economies and strengthen China’s local innovative capacities.  相似文献