Regional variation in springtime ichthyoplankton assemblages in the northeast Pacific Ocean     

Miriam J. Doyle  Kathryn L. Mier  Morgan S. Busby  Richard D. Brodeur   《Progress in Oceanography》2002,53(2-4)

The coastal regions of the northeast Pacific support large, economically valuable fishery resources and provide nursery areas for many fish species. Over the last few decades, there have been dramatic shifts in species abundance and composition in this area. In this paper, we examine the springtime spatial patterns in the ichthyoplankton of three oceanographically different regions, the Southeast Bering Sea, the Gulf of Alaska and the U.S. West Coast. The data examined are a subset of a larger database (comprising data from cruises conducted from 1972 to 1997) that is being used to investigate spatial, seasonal and interannual patterns in ichthyoplankton of the northeast Pacific in relation to environmental conditions. Ichthyoplankton were collected during seven cruises using 60-cm bongo nets. Spatial patterns of ichthyoplankton were examined using both classification and ordination techniques. Relative Bray-Curtis dissimilarity coefficients calculated from the log₁₀ (n+1) of abundance data were used as input to the numerical classification of species and stations. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling was also applied to the abundance data to examine geometric patterns in the data. The numerical analyses of the species abundance data sets for each cruise revealed spatial patterns in the ichthyoplankton that suggest the occurrence of geographically distinct assemblages of fish larvae in each region. For all three sampling regions, the assemblage structure is primarily related to bathymetry, and Shelf, Slope, and Deep-Water assemblages are described. This shallow to deep-water gradient in species occurrence and abundance reflects the habitat preference and spawning location of the adult fish. Another degree of complexity is superimposed on this primary assemblage structure in each region and seems to be related to local topography and the prevailing current patterns. The patterns in ichthyoplankton assemblages of the three regions in the northeast Pacific Ocean described here form the basis for future investigations of spatial and temporal patterns in the ichthyoplankton of the subarctic Pacific.Regional Index Terms: Northeast Pacific Ocean, Southeast Bering Sea, Gulf of Alaska, U.S. West Coast.  相似文献   

海岸线长度与分维在不同比例尺地图上的变化研究     

朱晓华  王建  陈霞 《海洋科学进展》2001,19(4):71-75

结合国内外海岸线分形研究进展 ,以江苏省海岸线为例 ,系统地探讨了不同比例尺地图上海岸线长度与分维的变化及其规律。指出海岸线长度与地图比例尺之间存在有 lg L =algk b的基本关系 ;其次 ,对于同一条海岸线来说 ,使用量规法和网格法计算所得分维结果是不同的 ,使用量规法的计算结果大于使用网格法的计算结果 ;再者 ,在不同比例尺地图上 ,同一海岸线的分维是不同的 ,随着地图比例尺的逐渐变小 ,海岸线分维相应地逐渐变小 ,且在不同比例尺间使用量规法计算所得海岸线分维结果的差值大于使用网格法计算所得海岸线分维结果的差值  相似文献   

海岸带专题地图编绘相关问题     

顾燕  张鹰 《海洋技术学报》2004,23(2):103-106

海岸带是影响人类活动的重要地带，海岸带专题地图能够详细表示出海岸带的特性。随着海洋经济的发展，海岸图的需求日益增加。从地图的数学要素出发，提出目前海岸图绘制存在的问题，并从地图学、海洋学、遥感地学的角度，对地图投影的选择、坐标系转换、比例尺对海岸图编绘的影响及控制点的确定等问题进行了综合分析。  相似文献   

Diel vertical behaviour, predator-prey relationships, and occupation of space by jack mackerel (Trachurus murphyi) off Chile   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Bertrand  Arnaud; Barbieri  Maria Angela; Cordova  Jose; Hernandez  Carola; Gomez  Fabian; Leiva  Francisco 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2004,61(7):1105-1112

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Factors affecting spatial and temporal variability in material exchange between the Southern Everglades wetlands and Florida Bay (USA)     

Martha A. Sutula  Brian C. Perez  Enrique Reyes  Daniel L. Childers  Steve Davis  John W. Day  Jr.  David Rudnick  Fred Sklar 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2003,57(5-6):757-781

Physical and biological processes controlling spatial and temporal variations in material concentration and exchange between the Southern Everglades wetlands and Florida Bay were studied for 2.5 years in three of the five major creek systems draining the watershed. Daily total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) fluxes were measured for 2 years in Taylor River, and ten 10-day intensive studies were conducted in this creek to estimate the seasonal flux of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), total organic carbon (TOC), and suspended matter. Four 10-day studies were conducted simultaneously in Taylor, McCormick, and Trout Creeks to study the spatial variation in concentration and flux. The annual fluxes of TOC, TN, and TP from the Southern Everglades were estimated from regression equations. The Southern Everglades watershed, a 460-km² area that includes Taylor Slough and the area south of the C-111 canal, exported 7.1 g C m⁻², 0.46 g N m⁻², and 0.007 g P m⁻², annually. Everglades P flux is three to four orders of magnitude lower than published flux estimates from wetlands influenced by terrigenous sedimentary inputs. These low P flux values reflect both the inherently low P content of Everglades surface water and the efficiency of Everglades carbonate sediments and biota in conserving and recycling this limiting nutrient. The seasonal variation of freshwater input to the watershed was responsible for major temporal variations in N, P, and C export to Florida Bay; approximately 99% of the export occurred during the rainy season. Wind-driven forcing was most important during the later stages of the dry season when low freshwater head coincided with southerly winds, resulting in a net import of water and materials into the wetlands. We also observed an east to west decrease in TN:TP ratio from 212:1 to 127:1. Major spatial gradients in N:P ratios and nutrient concentration and flux among the creek were consistent with the westward decrease in surface water runoff from the P-limited Everglades and increased advection of relatively P-rich Gulf of Mexico (GOM) waters into Florida Bay. Comparison of measured nutrient flux from Everglades surface water inputs from this study with published estimates of other sources of nutrients to Florida Bay (i.e. atmospheric deposition, anthropogenic inputs from the Florida Keys, advection from the GOM) show that Everglades runoff represents only 2% of N inputs and 0.5% of P input to Florida Bay.  相似文献   

GIS方法在南沙群岛海区海底灾害地质研究中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

唐诚  詹文欢  张毅祥 《热带海洋学报》2002,21(2):104-111

采用GIS方法，对南沙群岛海区海底灾害地质进行空间叠加分析。利用模糊数学方法，对不同灾害地质因素赋予不同的模糊影响权值；运用模糊叠加模型，得到南沙群岛海区海底灾害地质综合评价图。与前人的研究工作进行对比的结果表明，GIS方法是进行海底灾害地质评价的一种有效方法。  相似文献   

基于GIS空间统计分析的广电收视率评估研究——以北京市广电收视覆盖分析系统为例     

贠建明  雷兵  杨永崇 《测绘科学》2008,33(3):160-162

本文将GIS空间信息统计分析手段应用于广播电视收视率的评估,以层次分析法为基础进行改进,采用抽样调查的方法确定权重,提出较为合理的基于空间信息统计方法的广电人口覆盖分布模型并加以软件实现。以北京市为研究区域,经导入多个版本人口数据实验,发现这种评估方式较好地修正了传统的仅仅按照面积评估覆盖率的评估模型,对于提高广电行业的信息化管理水平具有一定意义。  相似文献   

GIS平台下分形维数计算的设计开发和应用   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

赵晓东 《测绘科学》2008,33(3):171-172

GIS作为一种新兴的技术在空间数据处理和解析方面具有强大的扩展功能,已经在测绘领域得到了广泛的应用。本文针对分形维数计算的问题,在GIS平台下基于空间数据模型提出了该问题的解决方案,并利用通用COM技术设计和开发了分形维数计算系统。该系统成功地应用于工程实践,对今后GIS在相关专业领域更深层次的应用具有一定的借鉴意义。  相似文献   

基于DXF的OpenFlight数据创建方法研究     

刘立嘉  盛业华  周侗  黄云  陈旻 《测绘科学》2008,33(4)

针对虚拟城市仿真系统应用中OpenFlight模型缺乏、建模方式单一,难以构建复杂模型的情况,本文提出基于CAD文件来构建Opeflght模型的方法,在详细分析OpenFlight和DXF的数据组织结构的基础上,设计了基于DXF的OpenFlight数据创建方案并编程实现。通过实例测试证明该方案能快速、完整地进行数据转换,为虚拟城市系统的三维仿真模型构建提供了一条行之有效的途径。  相似文献   

基于空间数据库的山东城镇发展水平的空间统计分析     

单宝艳 《测绘科学》2008,33(4)

基于GIS空间数据库,对山东省108个城镇的综合发展水平进行了空间统计分析。首先选用了反映城市综合发展水平的14项指标,并进行了主成分分析,得出反映城镇综合发展水平的综合指标,并分析了山东省各城镇的综合发展水平与分布状况。然后利用该综合指标,对各个城镇进行了空间统计分析,通过计算全局空间自相关指标,分析认为山东省各城镇综合发展水平总体上未呈现空间相关关系;通过计算局部空间自相关指标,分析认为山东省68.5%的城镇分布存在非相似空间集聚特征。  相似文献