Variations in Phosphorus Speciation in Response to Simulated Riparian Zone Enhancement with Red Mud to Treat Reclaimed Water     

Jing Qin  Ping Liu  Gang Wu 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2012,40(12):1334-1340

Variations in phosphorus speciation in two sets of simulated riparian zones with and without Perennial ryegrass were compared. Each set consisted of four units, each measuring 700 mm × 200 mm × 200 mm, which were enhanced with 0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5% red mud (RM) by weight. The levels of total phosphorus (TP), total dissolved phosphorus (TDP), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) in the effluent were analyzed, and phosphorus fractionation in the media were also determined after the systems had been operational for 3 months. The results showed that the unit received 2.5% RM had the highest rate of phosphorus removal, including TP, TDP, SRP, particulate phosphorus (PP), and dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) were present at the average concentrations of 0.17, 0.10, 0.07, 0.08, and 0.03 mg/L in the effluent. Sequential phosphorus fractionation showed that calcium‐bound phosphorus (Ca–P) was the major component, indicating that the addition of RM induced aluminum/iron‐bound phosphorus (Al/Fe–P), which was intensely bioactive, to form intractable Ca–P, which further inhibited the release of phosphorus from the media. However, the presence of P. ryegrass had little effect on the removal of phosphorus. Therefore, RM, when used directly in riparian zones at a suitable concentration, is a novel and low cost additive material that can be used to remove phosphorus from reclaimed water.  相似文献   

Investigating the Roles of Dissolved Organic Matter on Arsenic Mobilization and Speciation in Environmental Water          下载免费PDF全文

Jinxu Gao  Hongxia Yang  Bing Li 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2016,44(7):818-828

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Reactive-transport modeling of fly ash–water–brines interactions from laboratory-scale column studies     

《Physics and Chemistry of the Earth》2014

Dynamic leaching tests are important studies that provide more insights into time-dependent leaching mechanisms of any given solid waste. Hydrogeochemical modeling using PHREEQC was applied for column modeling of two ash recipes and brines generated from South African coal utility plants, Sasol and Eskom. The modeling results were part of a larger ash–brine study aimed at acquiring knowledge on (i) quantification and characterization of the products formed when ash is in contact with water–brines in different scenarios, (ii) the mineralogical changes associated with water–brine–ash interactions over time, (iii) species concentration, and (iv) leaching and transport controlling factors. The column modeling was successfully identified and quantified as important reactive mineralogical phases controlling major, minor and trace elements’ release. The pH of the solution was found to be a very important controlling factor in leaching chemistry. The highest mineralogical transformation took place in the first 10 days of ash contact with either water or brines, and within 0.1 m from the column inflow. Many of the major and trace elements Ca, Mg, Na, K, Sr, S(VI), Fe, are leached easily into water systems and their concentration fronts were high at the beginning (within 0.1 m from the column inflow and within the first 10 days) upon contact with the liquid phase. However, their concentration decreased with time until a steady state was reached. Modeling results also revealed that geochemical reactions taking place during ash–water–brine interactions does affect the porosity of the ash, whereas the leaching processes lead to increased porosity. Besides supporting experimental data, modeling results gave predictive insights on leaching of elements which may directly impact on the environment, particularly ground water. These predictions will help develop scenarios and offer potential guide for future sustainable waste management practices as a way of addressing the co-disposal of brines within inland ash dams and heaps.  相似文献   

大亚湾表层沉积物重金属元素形态特征、控制因素及风险评价分析     

曹玲珑  王建华  黄楚光  倪志鑫  金钢雄  瓦西拉里  陈慧娴 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2014,44(6):1988

为了解大亚湾表层沉积物中重金属的污染状况,对大亚湾海域23个点位表层沉积物中7种重金属元素（Cr、Ni、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、As）的质量分数、形态特征、来源控制因素以及潜在生态风险进行了研究。采用优化BCR提取法分析重金属元素赋存形态,并依据各种重金属元素的形态特征与沉积物基质属性进行了相关因子分析,了解其分布的控制因素。结果表明：大亚湾沉积物重金属元素呈现环带状分布特征,从岸向湾内逐渐减小;重金属元素质量分数的高值区主要分布于大鹏澳、哑铃湾及范和港附近;重金属元素赋存形态中Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、As主要以残渣态存在,Pb主要以可还原态存在,Cd主要以酸提取态存在;7种重金属元素各自非残渣态所占比率从大到小为Pb(78.83%)、Cd(78.65%)、Cu(48.54%)、Zn(48.10%)、Ni(38.31%)、Cr(28.43%)、As(27.76%),即Pb最高,As最低,表明Pb的迁移性最强;通过因子分析,大亚湾重金属主要为沿岸自然风化产物的输入,其次为工业废水及养殖污水。运用酸提取态风险评估法对重金属元素潜在生态风险进行评价,发现研究区所选重金属元素综合风险评价Cd为高风险,其余重金属为中-低风险等级。  相似文献   

呼和浩特市大气降尘中镉赋存形态分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

赵锁志  王沛东  包凤琴  高征西  樊永刚  钟仁  张宝 《岩矿测试》2009,28(4):329-332

采用Tessier连续提取法对呼和浩特市不同区域的9个大气降尘样品中镉的赋存形态进行了研究。结果表明,各形态含量在总镉中所占比例由大到小排列顺序依次是:铁锰氧化物结合态>残渣态>碳酸盐结合态>强有机结合态>可交换态。大气降尘中镉的5种形态占总镉的平均质量分数由大到小为:铁锰氧化物结合态31.80%,残渣态24.42%,碳酸盐结合态19.04%,强有机结合态14.61%,可交换态10.13%;铁锰氧化物结合态是主要存在形态;铁锰氧化物结合态镉、有机结合态镉、残留态镉这三种形态镉生物有效性很低,但当环境改变时可能发生镉释放,应予以关注。汽油和煤的燃烧以及工厂排放镉能加大城市大气降尘中的镉含量。  相似文献   

用细化的铁形态分析及量化的铁氧化物活性表征海洋沉积物中铁的成岩作用：以胶州湾为例     

陶婧  马伟伟  朱茂旭  李铁  杨茹君 《海洋学报(英文版)》2017,36(7):48-55

以富营养化的胶州湾一个柱状沉积物为例,用细化的铁形态分析及量化的铁氧化物还原活性相结合的方法研究了沉积物中铁的成岩作用过程。结果表明,这两种方法相结合的结果能更详细示踪铁的转化并能从多视角提供铁成岩作用的细微差别。这一方法有望应用于其它研究中更好地揭示复杂的铁和硫的生物地球化学循环。铁微生物还原在上部沉积物铁的还原中起重要作用,但12 cm深度以下铁被硫化物的化学还原为主要过程。最具生物活性的无定形铁氧化物是铁微生物还原的主要参与者,然后依次为弱晶态铁氧化物和磁铁矿,晶态铁氧化物几乎不参与铁的成岩循环。沉积物上部铁微生物还原的重要作用主要是活性铁含量高而活性有机质含量低共同作用的结果,且后者也是沉积物中硫酸盐还原速率以及硫化物积累的最终制约因素。对比研究表明,通过还原性溶解动力学方法表征的微生物可还原的铁氧化物主要由无定形和弱晶态铁氧化物组成,其总体活性常数相当于老化的水铁矿,且随深度增加而减低。  相似文献   

环境水样中铬形态分析方法研究   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

陈德勋  李玉珍 《岩矿测试》1999,18(3):171-175

研究了水体中几种形态铬的存在状态,分离条件。提出离子交换为主的铬形态分离流程。结合二苯碳酰二肼光度法可测定水样中总铬,溶解态铬,颗粒态铬,六价态铬,无机态和有机态三价铬。已用所拟流程于水样及药物中铬的形态分析,水样加标回收率在９２％－９７％,药物分析结果与标量相符。  相似文献   

新型氢化物发生技术—可移动还原床氢化物发生器：Ⅱ.干扰及其应用     

田肖丹  庄峙厦 《岩矿测试》1999,20(2):87-91

新型的氢化物发生技术－可移动还原床氢化物发生器可以实现微升级样品的测定而不需要对样品进行酸化和使用气－液分离器。应用ＭＲＢＨＧ－电感耦合等离子体发射光谱取得了同等质量的而不同形态的Ａｓ,Ｓｅ的相同信号强度,证明了在ＭＲＢＨＧ体系中氢化物元素之间的干扰得到消除,方法用于合金钢,富硒茶叶等实际样品的测定,标准加入的回收率在９３％－１１４％。  相似文献   

Mercury speciation in tailings of the Idrija mercury mine     

Harald Biester  Mateja Gosar  German Müller 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》1999,65(3):232

Five hundred years of mercury (Hg) mining activity in Idrija, Slovenia caused widespread Hg contamination. Besides Hg emissions from the ore smelter, tailings have been found to be the major source of river sediment contamination. In the present study, solid phase binding forms and the aqueous mobility of Hg have been investigated in tailings of the Idrija Hg mine by means of a pyrolysis technique and aqueous Hg speciation. Results show that Hg binding forms differ with the age of the tailings due to the processing of different ores with different roasting techniques. In older tailings, the predominant Hg species is cinnabar (HgS), due to incomplete roasting, whereas in tailings of the 20th century the amount of cinnabar in the material decreased due to a higher efficiency of the roasting process and the increasing use of ores bearing native Hg. In younger tailings, metallic Hg (Hg⁰) sorbed to mineral matrix components such as dolomite and Fe-oxyhydroxides became the predominant Hg binding form in addition to unbound Hg⁰ and traces of HgO. Leaching tests show that in younger tailings high amounts of soluble Hg exist in reactive form. In older tailings most of the soluble Hg occurs bound to soluble complexes. It might be assumed that in the long term, matrix-bound Hg⁰ could be bound to humic acids derived from soils covering the tailings. This means that, despite the lower total Hg concentrations found in the younger tailings, the long-term risk potential of its mobile matrix-bound Hg⁰ is higher than that of older tailings bearing mostly immobile cinnabar.  相似文献   

沉积物磷形态的分级分离及其生态学意义   总被引：46，自引：4，他引：42  

付永清  周易勇 《湖泊科学》1999,11(4):376-381

磷是湖泊营养状况的重要指标。本文综述了国外对沉积物中不同形态磷的分级提取的发展概况,分析比较了各提取法的优缺点,阐述了不同形态磷的生态学意义,并总结了沉积物磷分级分析的发展趋势,以期为国内相关研究提供参考和借鉴。  相似文献