西北旅游落后现状的突破及列车旅游的新思路--兼论"西部之星"旅游列车的产品设计   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘睿文  吴殿廷 《地域研究与开发》2006,25(1):88-92

近几年，西北地区的旅游业虽然取得了很大的成绩，但其发展相对于东部地区却显得落后，其主要原因之一就是西北地区的旅游资源过于分散，景点间距过大，由此导致游览行程过长，游览内容单薄，这在客观上影响了游客的选择。而与此同时，在国外，列车旅游早已作为各国旅游业的重要旅游产品为世人所熟知。文章从分析我国西北旅游业发展的现状入手，针对景点分散这一制约我国西部旅游业发展的客观不利因素，肯定了开发旅游列车产品的思路。作者以西北地区为例，结合目前我国旅游专列发展现状，提出开通“西部之星”旅游列车的构想，并进行了初步的设计。  相似文献   

近十年来我国气候变暖影响研究的若干进展   总被引：51，自引：12，他引：51       下载免费PDF全文

王馥棠 《应用气象学报》2002,13(6):755-766

近年来，我国政府和科技界十分关注气候王馥棠变暖对我国经济发展可能影响的评估, 开展了许多重大项目和课题的研究。该文仅就气候变暖对我国自然植被、农业、森林、水资源、能源利用和区域海平面上升等领域影响评估研究的若干有意义的初步结果简要归纳和评述如下:取自不同GCM模型的未来气候变化情景下的影响评估模拟表明，我国的特征性自然植被类型将会发生明显的变化。同当前气候（1951~1980年）下的模拟分布相比，到2050年我国几乎所有地方的农业种植制度均将发生较大变化；气候变暖将导致复种指数增加和种植方式多样化，但降水与蒸散之间可能出现的负平衡和土壤水分胁迫的增加以及生育期的可能缩短，最终将导致我国主要作物的产量下降。气候变暖对我国水资源最明显的影响将会发生在黄淮海流域，这个区域的水资源供需短缺将大大提高。同时，气候变暖将改变我国室内取暖和降温的能源需求关系:北方冬季取暖的能源消耗将减少, 而南方夏季降温的能源消耗将会增加。海平面的上升将使我国三个主要沿海低洼脆弱区，即珠江三角洲、长江三角洲和黄河三角洲，面临部分遭受海水淹没的威胁。  相似文献   

The 3D simulation and optimized management model of groundwater systems based on eco-environmental water demand     

Zhang Guang-xin Ph.D.  Deng Wei  He Yan 《地理学报(英文版)》2002,12(2):226-235

Through the study of mutual process between groundwater systems and eco-environmental water demand, the eco-environmental water demand is brought into groundwater systems model as the important water consumption item and unification of groundwater’s economic, environmental and ecological functions were taken into account. Based on eco-environmental water demand at Da’an in Jilin province, a three-dimensional simulation and optimized management model of groundwater systems was established. All water balance components of groundwater systems in 1998 and 1999 were simulated with this model and the best optimal exploitation scheme of groundwater systems in 2000 was determined, so that groundwater resource was efficiently utilized and good economic, ecologic and social benefits were obtained.  相似文献   

Accessibility Measures in Spatial Mismatch Models     

Eugene D. Perle  Harald Bauder  Nancy Beckett 《The Professional geographer》2002,54(1):106-110

Implicit in all spatial mismatch models is the concept of accessibility. However, there is an immense variety of measures utilized in the literature to index the concept, and it is not clear how much of the disparity in findings between studies is attributable to alternative measures. This research note attempts to provide some evidence on the impact of alternative measures of accessibility in employment probability models.  相似文献   

加入WTO后中国旅行社的生存与发展   总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1  

肖建成  余蓉 《云南地理环境研究》2003,15(3):13-22

中国入世后，旅游市场的进一步开放将有利于引进先进的经营管理经验，进一步发展中国得天独厚的旅游资源和劳动力优势。同时，伴随着服务贸易总协定(CATS)在各成员国的实施与经济全球化，中国旅行社的生存与发展将面临机遇和挑战。中国旅行社应勇敢面对挑战，从以下几个方面提高竞争力：(1)树立战略发展思想；(2)树立战略管理思想；(3)化危机为商机，积极成为网介者；(4)界定企业发展方向，发展产品核心功能；(5)迎合消费者需求与创新需求；(6)组建集团化旅行社；(7)实行跨国际化经营，参加国际竞争；(8)加强对外宣传。  相似文献   

洛阳市水资源可利用量研究   总被引：17，自引：2，他引：17  

杜晓舜  夏自强 《水文》2003,23(1):14-17,20

以洛阳市为对象，对区域水资源的可利用量进行了研究。区域水资源量包括地表水实际可利用量和地下水实际可利用量。将地表径流中基流部分按比例划出，与河道汛期弃水量加在一起作为河道的生态需水量，从地表水资源量中扣除生态需水量后可得地表水的实际可利用量。将难以利用的地下水量从地下水资源量中扣除后可得地下水实际可利用量。  相似文献   

A unified formulation of the piecewise exact method for inelastic seismic demand analysis including the P‐delta effect     

M. N. Ayd&#x;nolu  Y. M. Fahjan 《地震工程与结构动力学》2003,32(6):871-890

The non‐linear analysis of single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) systems provides the essential background information for both strength‐based design and displacement‐based evaluation/design methodologies through the development of the inelastic response spectra. The recursive solution procedure called the piecewise exact method, which is efficiently used for the response analysis of linear SDOF systems, is re‐formulated in this paper in a unified format to analyse the non‐linear SDOF systems with multi‐linear hysteresis models. The unified formulation is also capable of handling the P‐delta effect, which generally involves the negative post‐yield stiffness of the hysteresis loops. The attractiveness of the method lies in the fact that it provides the exact solution when the loading time history is composed of piecewise linear segments, a condition that is perfectly satisfied for the earthquake excitation. Based on simple recursive relationships given for positive, negative and zero effective stiffnesses, the unified form of the piecewise exact method proves to be an extremely powerful and probably the best tool for the SDOF inelastic time‐history and response spectrum analysis including the P‐delta effect. A number of examples are presented to demonstrate the implementation of the method. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Optimal distribution of linear control intensity over the frequency range     

Ottavia Corbi 《地震工程与结构动力学》2003,32(2):173-185

In this paper, a control strategy for structural systems is proposed and developed in the frequency domain. The algorithm is substantially based on a linear derivative feedback and a convolution of the control parameter, whose distribution in the frequency field is chosen in such a manner as to comply with the requirements of an ad hoc formulated constrained optimum problem, with the response data monitored until the instant of control action application. Some numerical testing is carried out by referring to given recorded accelerograms, showing a good performance of the proposed approach. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

中国旅游资源开发模式与旅游区域可持续发展理念   总被引：38，自引：2，他引：38  

王兴中 《地理科学》1997,17(3):218-223

从旅游资源开发与区域关系的角度，指出国内旅游资源在开发方面存在着不同的理念与方法论模式，导致不同的区域旅游开发效果；从旅游可持续发展的原则出发，旅游区域开发在理论上应该建立多元趋势分析旅游开发理论体系，在实践上应建立鞠域“大旅游”的结构系统，并提出区域旅游开发的一些理论。  相似文献   

现代区域开发的矿产资源需求生命周期研究及意义   总被引：16，自引：1，他引：16  

张雷 《地理学报》1997,52(6):500-506

矿产资源是社会经济发展的重要物质基础，受社会经济和科学技术发展的限制，各类矿产资源的需求存在着从初始，增长，停滞和衰落的周期性变化以及明显的空间分嘏差异。  相似文献