流变应力恢复法地应力测试及装置     

张芳  刘泉声  张程远 《岩土力学》2014,35(5):1506-1513

深部软岩体应力测试难度大,尚无有效测试技术。对此,研制了一种适用于软岩体应力测试的三向压应力传感器,提出了相应的解算方法,并对传感器进行了标定试验、干扰试验和室内模型试验。标定试验结果表明,传感器的线性度、重复性等静态性能良好。当荷载不断增大时,传感器的测量误差先逐渐减小,直至为0,而后又逐渐增大,但误差基本上都在10%以内,说明传感器能较精确地测量量程范围内的应力大小。干扰试验结果表明,传感器3个传感面之间的相互干扰可以忽略不计。模型试验结果表明,随着加载次数的增加,传感器所感知的力越来越接近所施加的力,最后趋近于相等,进一步表明了该传感器基本满足工程实践要求。此外,初步探讨了传感器的优化设计方向等问题。  相似文献   

SA综合测量软件在兰州重离子加速器准直测量中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

蔡国柱  满开第  张小奇  陈文军  王少明  袁建东 《测绘科学》2013,38(4)

本文介绍了SA图形化测量平台软件在加速器准直方面的应用.目前兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环采用SA软件协作下的激光跟踪仪测量三维控制网,快速地完成了设备的标定、准直安装、监测等准直测量任务,最终安装误差达到0.135mm.  相似文献   

Preliminary Study on the Water Drag of Schlegel＇s Black Rockfish Sebastes schlegeli     

LIWentao ZHANGXiumei GAOTianxiang JINGAiguo 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2004,3(1):70-74

Drag forces acting on Schlegel‘s black rockfish Sebastes schlegeli were studied. A new drag force transducer was designed and used to measure the water drag on Schlegel‘s black rockfish in a vertical recirculating flume tank. Fourteen individuals were investigated, yielding two mean drag coefficients referred to the cross-sectional area and volume^2/3 respectively at water velocities ranging from 0.3 to 1.0 ms^-1 The drag coefficients can be used for estimating the drag forces acting on Sebastes schlegeli in water.  相似文献   

三维无缝工程地质建模系统的研制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐能雄  田红 《岩土力学》2009,30(8):2385-2391

在边界表示法的基础上,提出了无缝工程地质模型的概念,实现了基于模型线框架的无缝工程地质建模方法,研制了无缝建模系统（ROCKModel）。该系统包括3个部分：原始数据转换工具、实体建模工具与辅助工具,涉及剖分、插值、曲面求交等8个基本功能模块。在基本功能模块的基础上,提出并实现了形态复杂曲面的创建、构建模型线框架、界面编辑与重构、块体搜索、岩体质量三维分级等关键技术。该系统能够实现复杂地质对象与工程对象的无缝建模与可视化,并为数值模拟软件直接提供几何模型。  相似文献   

3维激光扫描技术在地铁调线调坡测量中的应用     

王文旭  蔡敏  王文江 《测绘与空间地理信息》2012,35(11):172-175

主要对3维激光扫描技术应用于地铁调线调坡的关键技术进行了研究,探讨了基于此技术的点云数据获取的流程和断面数据提取的方法。以天津地铁三号线的一段区间调线调坡测量为例,同时使用3维激光扫描技术和传统技术进行调线调坡测量,并对实测数据进行了对比。结果表明,3维激光扫描技术应用于地铁调线调坡测量方法具有作业效率高、可靠性大、实用性强等特点,可以应用于地铁调线调坡测量。  相似文献   

四分量钻孔应变观测的实地相对标定   总被引：28，自引：10，他引：18  

邱泽华  石耀霖  欧阳祖熙 《大地测量与地球动力学》2005,25(1):118-122

提出钻孔应变观测的实地标定问题有相对标定和绝对标定两层涵义;讨论了四分量钻孔应变观测的相对标定的归一化新方法：将前人标定应力观测的方法用于应变观测。一方面大大简化了计算公式,另一方面提出轮流以每个元件为标准计算灵敏度而后取平均值的方法。在统计上更为合理;并以昌平台RZB-1型钻孔应变观测为例进行实际应用,取得了令人满意的结果。  相似文献   

两种钻孔灌注桩可拆卸吊筋的制作与使用          下载免费PDF全文

蔡文盛 《探矿工程》2009,36(4):59-62

介绍两种可拆卸回收使用的吊筋,经过现场使用,效果良好。既节省材料,降低成本,又能减少基坑开挖砍桩头工作量,而且钢筋笼安装定位准确,还能减少砍桩头对桩身的破坏。  相似文献   

土钉墙在深基坑中的设计应用          下载免费PDF全文

孙小杰  魏焕卫  杨峻岿 《探矿工程》2009,36(11):39-41

介绍了滕州贵和世纪佳苑一号楼及公寓楼地下车库基坑支护方案的设计和施工,采用了土钉、挂网锚喷等工艺方法进行了支护设计及施工,做到了经济合理和安全可行,并介绍了本工程遇到的特殊情况的处理,给类似工程有很好的借鉴作用。  相似文献   

An empirical model for flexible pipe armor wire lateral buckling failure load     

《Applied Ocean Research》2017

The current scenario of oil production in ultra deep waters challenges the design of flexible pipes since they have to withstand high pressures, temperatures and dynamic loads during operation. Amongst the known failure mechanisms in flexible pipes, armor wire lateral buckling is of uttermost importance as there is no undisputable model for its prediction. In this work, compressive failure load for tensile armor lateral buckling is calculated for a sample of 29 flexible pipes based on the resolution of a numerical model that considers force and moment equilibrium conditions and geometric compatibility relations from differential geometry concepts. The obtained results are fitted on an equation via symbolic regression. Thus, a simple empirical model to predict compressive failure load is proposed as a function of the radius of tensile armor, wire lay angle and torsional, normal and binormal bending stiffness of the wire cross section. The model assumes the absence of frictional distributed forces in the wire and curvature of the flexible pipe, therefore it provides conservative results. For the 29 flexible pipe sample, the mean absolute percentage error of the empirical results in view of the numerical results was 0.6%.  相似文献   

Using SPIRAL (Single Pollen Isotope Ratio AnaLysis) to estimate C₃- and C₄-grass abundance in the paleorecord     

David M. Nelson  Feng Sheng Hu  Daniel R. Scholes  Neeraj Joshi  Ann Pearson 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2008,269(1-2):11-16

C₃ and C₄ grasses differ greatly in their responses to environmental controls and influences on biogeochemical processes (e.g. water, carbon, and nutrient cycling). Difficulties in distinguishing between these two functional groups of grasses have hindered paleoecological studies of grass-dominated ecosystems. Stable carbon isotopic analysis of individual grains of grass pollen using a spooling-wire microcombustion device interfaced with an isotope-ratio mass spectrometer holds promise for improving C₃ and C₄ grass reconstructions. This technique, SPIRAL (Single Pollen Isotope Ratio AnaLysis), has only been evaluated using pollen of known C₃ and C₄ grasses. To test the ability of SPIRAL to reproduce the abundance of C₃ and C₄ grasses on the landscape, we measured δ¹³C values of > 1500 individual grains of grass pollen isolated from the surface sediments of ten lakes in areas that span a large gradient of C₃- and C₄-grass abundance, as determined from vegetation surveys. Results indicate a strong positive correlation between the δ¹³C-based estimates of % C₄-grass pollen and the abundance of C₄ grasses on the landscape. The % C₄-grass pollen slightly underestimates the actual abundance of C₄ grasses at sites with high proportions of C₄ grasses, which can be corrected using regression analysis. Comparison of the % C₄-grass pollen with C/N and δ¹³C measurements of bulk organic matter illustrates the distinct advantages of grass-pollen δ¹³C as a proxy for distinguishing C₃ and C₄ shifts within the grass family. Thus SPIRAL promises to advance our understanding of grassland ecology and evolution.  相似文献