金在黄铁矿表面沉淀机理的实验研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

曾贻善  姜士军 《地质科学》1996,31(1):90-96

为了研究金在黄铁矿表面沉淀的机理,于室温、常压,在氯化物溶液中进行了黄铁矿粉末吸附金的实验。在不同pH的溶液中,黄铁矿均可吸附金,而且pH值明显地影响吸附速率。扫描电镜观察表明,反应后黄铁矿粒表面有金晶体形成。XPS研究得知,黄铁矿光片与含金氯化物溶液反应后表面有A⁰存在;硫在反应初期为S⁰、S₂O₃^2-,随后转变为SO₄^2-,而铁成为Fe³⁺.黄铁矿中的Fe²⁺和S₂^2-是溶液中金的还原剂。金在黄铁矿表面沉淀可能涉及吸附、还原和晶体生长等过程。  相似文献   

老挝龙湖矿区ZK309农波组中盐段泥岩层硼的地球化学特征研究          下载免费PDF全文

唐启亮  张西营  韩元红 《盐湖研究》2016,24(1)

由于硼（B）在自然界中分布较集中,平均丰度低,而且11B和10B之间质量差大,分馏效应显著,故元素硼及其同位素组成可以作为判定硼来源的指相标志和沉积环境。老挝龙湖钾盐矿区是呵叻高原钾盐矿在老挝境内最主要的矿区之一,ZK309钻孔在龙湖矿区具有代表性,通过对该钻孔盐岩上覆碎屑层的硼元素及其同位素的分析,B含量（56×10-6～103×10-6, wt.%）,平均值为73×10-6;?11B的范围为+7.44‰到+11.62‰,平均+8.96‰,介于海水的?11B值（+39.5‰）及陆相地下水的δ11B值（-3±5‰）之间,B的含量认为中盐段岩盐层沉积后期曾明显有水流体的活动,这种水流体表现出偏向于淡水、咸水混合水特征,而B同位素研究认为粘土矿物的吸附作用是?11B降低的主要因素。  相似文献   

滨海砂土对可溶性油的吸附作用和影响因素研究     

孙娟  郑西来  吴俊文 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,37(4):663-666,652

在现场自然地理、水文地质条件调查的基础上,对青岛海水浴场采集砂和海水样品进行主要物理化学性质分析,探讨吸附机理的影响因素,通过吸附试验建立砂样对可溶性油吸附的动力学方程和吸附等温线,经过批量试验确定温度、盐度和pH值对吸附量的影响。研究结果表明,砂土对可溶性油吸附的平衡吸附量为90~110 mg/kg,吸附平衡时间为14~16 h,符合Henry型直线等温物理吸附。对等温式进一步分析发现,当水相中可溶性油浓度低于一定数值时,不但不产生吸附,反而会使污染沙滩上的残留油分释放出来,造成二次污染。  相似文献   

施磷对土壤中汞、铅吸附特性的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陶春军  周涛发  李湘凌  袁峰  陈兴仁  陈永宁  贾十军  陈富荣 《物探与化探》2010,34(5)

以合肥市郊的大兴镇和义城镇地区土壤为主要研究对象,利用批量平衡法初步研究了重金属在研究区土壤中的等温吸附特征及其吸附热力学特征。外源磷浓度增大提高土壤对重金属Hg、Pb的吸附能力。在施磷情况下土壤的Hg、Pb吸附自由能均为负值,是常温、常压下可以自发进行的过程,是物理和化学吸附并存的过程。研究区土壤对Hg、Pb吸附过程均是熵增过程。  相似文献   

矿物表面对金吸附作用的实验研究     

曾志刚 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》1995,(4)

矿物表面对金吸附作用的实验研究曾志刚（中国科学院地球化学研究所，贵阳５５０００２）关键词矿物表面吸附作用，金吸附，吸附作用机理以前大多认为由于各种物理一化学参数的变化才导致流体中含金配离子或配合物的不稳定，从而使金以单质或含金化合物的形式直接从成矿流...  相似文献   

沸石对放射性核素Cs+,Sr2+的吸附阻滞作用   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

李虎杰  易发成 《矿物岩石》2006,26(1):5-8

通过对新疆乌鲁木齐浅水河地区沸石的物化性质和工程特性(包括阳离子交换容量、孔结构、粒度组成、击实密度、渗透系数等)、活化处理以及对放射性核素C s ,S r2 吸附性能的研究,结果表明:该沸石的阳离子交换容量(CEC)达到97.9 m eq/100 g,在中性条件下最高为195.4 m eq/100 g;击实后的渗透系数为8.7×10-4m/s。沸石对溶液中的C s ,S r2 吸附量分别达到162.6×1-0 3和74.9×1-0 3,吸附效果优于内蒙高庙子膨润土矿。经过钠改性和铵改性处理后的沸石,对C s 的吸附量有不同程度的提高,最高达234.5×1-0 3;但对S r2 的吸附效果影响不大。溶液pH值对C s ,S r2 的吸附量有明显影响,中性和碱性环境更有利于沸石吸附作用的进行。  相似文献   

Experimental research on adsorption/desorption for petroleum pollutants in the soil in Daqing oilfield     

Xiaoyan LIU Yingli LI Guocheng MAO Jungang LI Chun LI Jingxin SUN Qianya ZHU 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):260-260

The Daqing oilfield is one of the biggest oilfields in the world. It has been exploited for several decades, which brings serious pollution to local natural environment. The crude oil on ground which is produced in the process of oil production contains various organic pollutants. The petroleum pollutants tend to adsorb, desorb, biodegrade and photolyze and so on in the soil, but adsorption/desorption is a pair of extremely important environment geochemistry behavior. In order to master the rule of petroleum pollutants migration and transformation in the soil environment, and provide scientific evidence for the prevent research project on petroleum pollution treatment in the Daqing oilfield, the chemozem was selected as the experimental sample, which is a kind of representative soil in the Daqing oilfield. The factors affecting adsorbent and desorption＇s characteristics were discussed, including pH of the soil, the concentrations of suspended particulates and temperature. The oscillation-equity was used in the experiment. The mechanism and dynamics process of the adsorption/desorption were researched. The results showed that adsorbing of the petroleum pollutants on the chemozem sediment is a kind of physical adsorption phenomenon. The adsorption function comes from the hydrophobic and sticky character of the petroleum its self. The velocity of adsorption and desorption is almost equivalent, both concentrations of water in the soil are close to the balance in two hours, thus they achieve homeostasis in three hours. The process of adsorption of the petroleum pollutants responses to Herry isothermal model, with increasing pH, concentration of suspended particulates and temperature, the quantity of adsorption show a descending trend. However, desorption is a contrary course of adsorption in the experiment. Due to various influenced phenomena reflect that the soil in the Daqing oilfield has factors, the quantity of desorption shows an ascending trend. These strong adsorption ability to petroleum pollutants.  相似文献   

Surface and adsorptive properties of wood char particles in soil     

Joseph J. Pignatello Dongqiang ZHU Michael Sander Seokjoon Kwon Washington Braida 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):260-261

Char and soot （black carbon, BC） are highly surface-active materials that can play an important role in contaminant fate and bioavailability in soils and sediments. This report summarizes our research on the influence of adsorbate structure and BC properties on adsorption of organic compounds, and the possible attenuation of BC surface activity by humic substances in the environment. The BC was a maple wood char formed at 400 ℃ in air and under other conditions. The solutes were polar and apolar aromatic compounds. The following points will be discussed. （1） By comparing adsorption to nonporous graphite, it was shown that molecular sieving effects （steric restriction） in the char micropore system occur in the order of increasing substitution on the benzene ring and in the order of increasing fused ring size. （2） By accounting for hydrophobic and steric effects it was shown that aromatic rings substituted with strongly pi-electron-accepting functional groups, such as nitro, undergo pi-pi electron donor-acceptor （EDA） interactions with the pi-donor polyaromatic （graphene） surface of the char. The free energy of adsorption due to pi-pi EDA interactions correlated with the free energy of molecular complexation in chloroform with model compounds representing the graphene surface （napthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene）. （3） A series of chars were prepared of different polarity （O content） but similar surface area and pore size distribution by varying temperature and atmosphere. Single- and bi-solute experiments showed that polar interactions with surface O are not a significant driving force for adsorption of polar compounds. Rather, surface O attracts water molecule clusters that inhibit adsorption of both polar and nonpolar compounds by competition. （4） Aging of char particles in a soil-water suspension strongly reduced char SA and sorption of added benzene. Studies were conducted with dissolved humic （HA） acid, HA-char co-precipitates, Ala＋-HA-char co-flocculates, and soybean oil representing humic lipid components.  相似文献   

Sorption properties of 1, 3, 5-trichlorobenznene on kerogen     

Chen YANG Guoying SHENG Zhi DANG 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):261-262

Kerogen is an important organic matter fraction widely spread in soils and sediments. It plays a major role in the sorption and sequestration of hydrophobic organic contaminants （HOCs） such as trichlorobenzene （TCB）. It is known that kerogen is geochemically heterogeneous due to the differences in source materials and diagenesis history. We hypothesized that kerogen derived from different source materials and diagenetic history exhibits different sorption properties for TCB. We employed two different kerogen materials （coals） as the original materials and two series of kerogen for a given series with an identical source material but different alteration history were yielded through thermal treatment at temperature ranging from 200 to 500℃. The original and treated materials were characterized for their physicochemical properties. Sorption experiments were conducted with batch reactor systems using 1, 3, 5-TCB as the HOCs sorbates and the original and treated materials as the sorbents.  相似文献   

Sequestration of organic contaminants in soil/sediment and its impact on contaminant fate     

Wei CHEN Mason B. Tomson 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):262-263

Adsorption and desorption are critical processes controlling the fate and transport of organic contaminants in natural environment. Numerous studies have shown that only a fraction of contaminants in soil or sediment can readily be desorbed to the aqueous phase, while desorption of the remaining fraction is very difficult and does not follow the conventional desorption models-a phenomenon typically referred to as ＂resistant desorption＂ or ＂sequestration＂ and is argued by many as the cause of reduced availability of contaminants in soil and sediment. While this reduced availability often reduces the effectiveness of soil and sediment remediation, the same effect can also greatly reduce risk of contaminated soil and sediment. The authors have conducted extensive lab and field studies to characterize the unique properties of sequestration of organic contaminants and to understand the mechanism（s） controlling sequestration. Thus far, over 50 different contaminant-soil/sediment combinations have been evaluated, using contaminants of varied physical-chemical properties （e.g., chlorinated benzenes, PAHs, PCBs, DDT, atrazine, hexachlorocyclohexane isomers, etc.）. Several unique characteristics of sequestration have been observed, and the most striking one is that despite the significant differences in chemical and soil properties, desorption of sequestered contaminants for all the contaminant-soil/sediment combinations exhibited very similar KOC （organic-carbon normalized partition coefficient） and very similar desorption kinetics.  相似文献