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41.
Calculating Pollution Indices by Heavy Metals in Ecological Geochemistry Assessment and a Case Study in Parks of Beijing 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Pollution index is a powerful tool for ecological geochemistry assessment. The commonly used pollution indices by heavy metals in soils and sediments were classified as two types of single index and integrated index in an algorithm point of view. Four single indices of contamination factor (or concentration factor), ecological risk factor, enrichment factor, and index of geo-accumulation were illustrated, and the reference values for calculating single indices were distinguished into background levels and threshold pollution values. Eight integrated indices were divided into two groups. One group is suitable for the normal distribution single indices including the sum, average, weighted average,vector modulus, and Nemerow pollution indices, and the other for log-normal distribution including the product, root of product, and weighted power product pollution indices. Using background levels as reference values, five contamination classes were divided, and the terminologies are suggested for the single and integrated indices to unify the assessment results. Software of EGAPI was developed in a single document interface to calculate the four single and eight integrated indices by heavy metals to assess the quality of soil and sediment ecological geochemistry. Pollution indices by heavy metals of Cu,Pb, and Zn in soils in parks of Beijing were calculated using EGAPI software, and these five contamination classes and terminologies suggested in this study were evaluated and used. Results ofintegrated indices of Cu, Pb, and Zn in soils indicated that the soil qualities are unpolluted as a whole and varied from low polluted to unpolluted status from the center to the outskirts of Beijing City. 相似文献
42.
一是突出责任,落实项目任务。县政府和各乡镇签订土地开发复垦目标责任书,要求把土地开发整理复垦作为当前工作的重中之重,时时放在心上、紧紧抓在手上,集中力量攻坚,集中精力推进。二是完善制度,强化政策引导。进一步建立和完善激励机制,发挥经济政策和考核制度的导向作用,调动各方的主动性、积极性和责任感。三是强力推进,实行倒逼机制。制定全年项目工程倒排时间进度表,实行工作倒逼机制。 相似文献
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45.
Environmental Investigation and Evaluation of Land Subsidence in the Datong Coalfield Based on InSAR Technology 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Heavy mining of Jurassic and Carboniferous horizontal coal seams in the Datong coalfield has seriously affected the local geological environment, which is mainly manifested by such geohazards as soil avalanches, landslides, mudflows, surface subsidence, surface cracks, surface solid waste accumulation and surface deformation. More seriously, coal mining causes groundwater to leak. Overpumping of groundwater has resulted in substantial land subsidence of the urban area in Datong City. Based on the previous geo-environmental investigation in the work area, the authors used radar remote sensing techniques such as InSAR (synthetic aperture radar interferometry) and D-InSAR (differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry), supplemented by the optical remote sensing method, for geo-environmental investigation to ascertain the geo-environmental background of the Datong Jurassic and Carboniferous-Permian coalfield and evaluate the effects of the geohazards, thus providing a basis for the geo-environmental protection, geohazard control and prevention, land improvement and optimization of the human environment. In this study 8 cog-nominal ERS-1/2 SAR data frames during 1992 to 2003 were used, but the following processing was made: (1) the multitemporal SAR magnitude images were used to interpret the geological structure, vegetation, microgeomorphology and drainage system; (2) the multi-temporal InSAR coherent images were used to make a classification of surface features and evaluate the coherence change due to coal mining; and (3) the multi-temporal cog-nominal SAR images were used to complete D-InSAR processing to remove the information of differential deformation areas (sites). In the end, a ten-year time series of differential interferograms were obtained using the multi-temporal cog-nominal SAR images. In the tests, 84 deformed areas (sites) were obtained, belonging to those in 1993-1996, 1996-1997, 1997-1998, 1998-2001, 1998-2002 and 2001-2003 respectively. Of the 84 areas, 44 are m 相似文献
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地质灾害危险性评估工作发展现状及若干技术问题探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1引言
建设用地地质灾害危险性评估制度是国土资源部按照地质灾害防治工作要求为社会发展及经济建设服务的原则,采取的一项主动防灾措施。其核心内容是“在城市建设、地质灾害易发区内进行工程建设及其它有可能导致地质灾害发生的工程项目建设,在项目选址阶段必须进行地质灾害危险性评估”,评估结果由省级以上地矿行政主管部门认定,并作为建设项目用地审查报批的必备条件之一。我国从1999年底开始此项工作,经过近8年的推行,已取得了良好的地质灾害预防效果,明显地减少了工程建设诱发和遭受地质灾害危害的现象。 相似文献
48.
2007年全球矿业合作更广泛,竞争更激烈,各国政策也更富针对性。矿产资源领域的合作,依然是政府高层间对话的经常主题。在一些前几年成功引资的发展中国家开始收紧资源开放口子的同时.另一些国家却加大了资源对外开放的力度,对矿业拉动经济寄予厚望。出于发展清洁能源的需要,许多国家都公布了自己的核电计划,铀矿成为全球矿业开发竞相争夺的新热点。新一轮的矿业立法与修法出现了以调整利益分配、促进可特续发展为目标的新趋势。反对矿业开发,尤其反对铀矿开采、氰化物采金的声音也越来越强。 相似文献
49.