江汉平原9.0 ka B.P.以来的气候演化:来自江陵剖面沉积物记录   总被引：20，自引：19，他引：1  

谢远云  李长安  王秋良  殷鸿福 《地理科学》2006,26(2):199-204

对2002年9月在荆州市江陵县发现的9 ka B.P.以来的江陵剖面进行¹⁴C测年、粒度、TOC、TN、δ¹³C、孢粉等综合分析,重建江汉平原江陵地区9 ka B.P.以来古气候古环境演化:9.0~6.07 ka B.P.为高温阶段,其间8.1 ka B.P.记录到一次较明显降温事件;6.07~4.60 ka B.P.为冷干期;4.60~3.44 ka B.P.间气候波动频繁,为全新世第二个暖湿期前期阶段;3.44~2.50 ka B.P.为高温期,湖沼泥炭发育,是全新世第二个暖湿期后期阶段,为稳定的暖湿阶段;2.50 ka B.P.以来温度相对较低,为冷期。江陵地区近9 ka B.P.以来气候变化不仅与国内大量研究资料相一致,且在许多较大气候事件上与世界许多研究结果一致,表明江陵气候变化具有全球性。  相似文献   

黄河源区距今13万年来古气候演化   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

张玉芳  张俊牌  徐建明  林防 《地质力学学报》1998,4(4):69-75

综合分析黄河源区-青海玛多地区斗格涌盆地钻孔剖面的孢粉及易溶盐等气候代用指标,揭示了该区130ka B P以来的古气候演变规律。即:130.0-110.0ka B P寒冷干旱;110.0-82.0ka B P寒温较湿;82.0-10.4ka B P寒冷干旱;10.4ka B P至现代(即全新世)温湿冷干交替。全新世古气候又可划分为3期:早全新世升温期(10.4-7.5ka B P)(Anathermal);中全新世大暖期(7.5-3.5ka B P)(Megathermal);晚全新世降温期(3.5ka B P至今)(Katathermal)。本区古气候总的规律是:冷期长且比全球其它地方提前,暖期短且开始时期滞后。全新世以来气候波动具有千年尺度的振荡规律,晚全新世至今,气温有逐渐降低,湿度逐渐变干的趋势。   相似文献   

Evidence on the Koseda coast of Yakushima Island of a tsunami during the 7.3 ka Kikai caldera eruption     

Futoshi Nanayama  Fukashi Maeno 《Island Arc》2019,28(2)

Previous research indicates that Yakushima Island, southwestern Japan, may have been struck by a huge tsunami before or soon after the arrival of the Koya pyroclastic flow during the 7.3 ka caldera‐forming Kikai eruption, but this has not yet been confirmed. This paper describes sedimentological and chronostratigraphic evidence showing that Unit TG, one of three gravel beds exposed on the Koseda coast of northeast Yakushima Island and investigated here, is a tsunami deposit. Unit TG is a poorly sorted, 30 cm thick gravel bed overlying a wave‐cut bench and underlying a Koya pyroclastic flow deposit. Sparse wood fragments in Unit TG were dated at 7 416–7 167 cal year BP. The constituent gravel clasts of Unit TG are similar in composition to those of modern beach and river deposits along the Koseda coast. Unit TG also contains pumice clasts whose chemistry is identical to that of pumice derived from the 7.3 ka eruption at Kikai caldera. The long‐axis orientations and composition of gravel clasts in Unit TG suggest that they were transported by a landward‐travelling high‐particle‐concentration flow, which suggests that Unit TG was deposited by a tsunami run‐up flow during the 7.3 ka Kikai caldera eruption, just before the arrival of the major Koya pyroclastic flow at the Koseda coast. Whether the 7.3 ka tsunami was caused by a volcanic eruption or an earthquake remains unclear, but Unit TG demonstrates that a tsunami arrived immediately before emplacement of a Koya pyroclastic flow.  相似文献   

Major mid-late Holocene cooling in the East China Sea revealed by an alkenone sea surface temperature record     

Meixun Zhao  Ling Ding  Lei Xing  Shuqing Qiao  Zuosheng Yang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(6):935-940

Although the mid-late Holocene cold and dry event about 4000 years ago(the 4 ka event) has been observed almost globally, it was most prominent in terrestrial climate proxies from the lower latitudes. Here we evaluate the oceanic response to this event in terms of a Holocene sea surface temperature(SST) record reconstructed using the K'37U index for Core B3 on the continental shelf of the East China Sea. The record reveals a large temperature drop of about 5℃ from the mid-Holocene(24.7℃ at 5.6 ka) to the 4 ka event(19.2℃ at 3.8 ka). This mid-late Holocene cooling period in Core B3 correlated with(i) decreases in the East Asia summer monsoon intensity and(ii) the transition period with increased El Nino/Southern Oscillation activities in the Equatorial Pacific. Our SST record provides oceanic evidence for a more global nature of the mid-late Holocene climate change, which was most likely caused by a southward migration of the Intertropical Converge Zone in response to the decreasing summer solar insolation in the Northern Hemisphere. However, the large SST drop around Core B3 indicates that the mid-late Holocene cooling was regionally amplified by the initiation/strengthening of eddy circulation/cold front which caused upwelling and resulted in additional SST decrease. Upwelling during the mid-late Holocene also enhanced with surface productivity in the East China Sea as reflected by higher alkenone content around Core B3.  相似文献   

Holocene history and environmental reconstruction of a Hercynian mire and surrounding mountain landscape based on multiple proxies     

Lydie Dudová  Petra Hájková  Věra Opravilová  Michal Hájek 《Quaternary Research》2014

We discovered the first peat section covering the entire Holocene in the Hrubý Jeseník Mountains, representing an island of unique alpine vegetation whose history may display transitional features between the Hercynian and Carpathian regions. We analysed pollen, plant macrofossils (more abundant in bottom layers), testate amoebae (more abundant in upper layers), peat stratigraphy and chemistry. We found that the landscape development indeed differed from other Hercynian mountains located westward. This is represented by Pinus cembra and Larix during the Pleistocene/Holocene transition, the early expansion of spruce around 10,450 cal yr BP, and survival of Larix during the climatic optimum. The early Holocene climatic fluctuations are traced in our profile by species compositions of both the mire and surrounding forests. The mire started to develop as a calcium-rich percolation fen with some species recently considered to be postglacial relicts (Meesia triquetra, Betula nana), shifted into ombrotrophy around 7450 cal yr BP by autogenic succession and changed into a pauperised, nutrient-enriched spruce woodland due to modern forestry activities. We therefore concluded that its recent vegetation is not a product of natural processes. From a methodological viewpoint we demonstrated how using multiple biotic proxies and extensive training sets in transfer functions may overcome taphonomic problems.  相似文献   

Shocked molecular gas towards the supernova remnant G359.1–0.5 and the Snake     

J. S.Lazendic †  M.Wardle  M. G.Burton  F.Yusef-Zadeh  J. B.Whiteoak  A. J.Green  M. C. B.Ashley 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2002,331(2):537-544

We have found a bar of shocked molecular hydrogen (H₂) towards the OH(1720 MHz) maser located at the projected intersection of supernova remnant (SNR)  G359.1–0.5  and the non-thermal radio filament known as the Snake. The H₂ bar is well aligned with the SNR shell and almost perpendicular to the Snake. The OH(1720 MHz) maser is located inside the sharp western edge of the H₂ emission, which is consistent with the scenario in which the SNR drives a shock into a molecular cloud at that location. The spectral line profiles of ¹²CO, HCO⁺ and CS towards the maser show broad-line absorption, which is absent in the ¹³CO spectra and most probably originates from the pre-shock gas. A density gradient is present across the region and is consistent with the passage of the SNR shock, while the H₂ filament is located at the boundary between the pre-shock and post-shock regions.  相似文献   

Radiocarbon wiggle-match dating of proglacial lake sediments – Implications for the 8.2 ka event     

Anne Hormes  Maarten Blaauw  Svein Olaf Dahl  Atle Nesje  Goran Possnert 《Quaternary Geochronology》2009,4(4):267-277

The problem of insufficient age-control limits the utilisation of the 8.2 ka BP event for modelling freshwater forcing in climate change studies. High-resolution radiocarbon dates, magnetic susceptibility and lithostratigraphic evidence from a lake sediment core from Nedre Hervavatnet located at Sygnefjell in western Norway provide a record of the early Holocene. We use the method of radiocarbon wiggle-match dating of the lake sediments using the non-linear relationship between the ¹⁴C calibration curve and the consecutive accumulation order of the sample series in order to build a high-resolution age-model. The timing and duration of Holocene environmental changes is estimated using 38 AMS radiocarbon dates on terrestrial macrofossils, insects and chironomids covering the time period from 9750 to 1180 cal BP. Chironomids, Salix and Betula leaves produce the most consistent results. Sedimentological and physical properties of the core suggest that three meltwater events with high sedimentation rates are superimposed on a long-term trend with glacier retreat between 9750 and 8000 cal BP. The lake sediment sequence of Nedre Hervavatnet demonstrates the following: only a reliable high-resolution geochronology based on carefully selected terrestrial macrofossils allows the reconstruction of a more refined and complex environmental change history before and during the 8.2 ka event.  相似文献   

Deglacial reservoir age and implications,Foxe Peninsula,Baffin Island     

Kayla J. Vickers  Brent C. Ward  Daniel J. Utting  Alice M. Telka 《第四纪科学杂志》2010,25(8):1338-1346

Marine reservoir age is reported for Foxe Basin, Canada, during deglaciation of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Radiocarbon (¹⁴C) measurements were made on pairs of contemporaneous molluscs and Salix (willow) macrofossils, yielding a mean marine reservoir age of 985 ± 10 ¹⁴C a. Mean regional ΔR is calculated to be 615 ± 20 ¹⁴C a relative to a mean global reservoir age of ca. 400 ¹⁴C a. Previous studies in the Canadian Arctic that have been conducted on modern pre‐bomb molluscs give ΔR values of ca. 100–300 ¹⁴C a. The difference between modern and deglacial reservoir ages indicates that ΔR in Foxe Basin has changed over time, which has implications for the reconstruction of past events based on marine ¹⁴C dates. We recalculate the timing of deglaciation of Hudson Strait with this new reservoir age and relate this to the 8.2 cal. ka event. We recommend that local ΔR be determined for the time period being examined whenever possible, and that in cases where this is impossible a ΔR value of 615 ¹⁴C a be applied when calibrating marine samples from Foxe Basin and vicinity during deglaciation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

巴丹吉林查格勒布剖面记录的150 ka BP以来的常量化学元素波动   总被引：7，自引：4，他引：7  

李云卓  李保生  高全洲  靳鹤龄 《中国沙漠》2005,25(1):8-14

 巴丹吉林沙漠查格勒布剖面150 ka BP以来存在25个由风成沙丘砂与黄土、古土壤、湖相和冲坡积砂土砾石层构成的沉积旋回。剖面常量化学元素分析显示:湖相、黄土和古土壤中的Al2O3、Fe2O3+FeO、CaO、MgO、K2O、Na2O和TiO含量基本上高于风成沙丘砂,而SiO2则呈相反变化,构成了与沉积旋回相应的150 ka BP以来25个元素变化旋回。剖面中各元素的这种分布和集散规律也与元素的富集系数和淋失系数波动一致。研究表明,暖湿气候作用下稳定性元素Al2O3、TOFe、TiO和非稳定性元素CaO、MgO、Na2O、K2O都能相对富集,与剖面所处的特殊的洼地地貌位置有关。常量化学元素的综合分析表明,这种元素变化旋回是由巴丹吉林沙漠晚更新世以来的干寒多风与温湿至暖湿气候变化所致,其根本原因与冰期、间冰期气候波动影响下东亚冬夏季风的“拉锯式”摆动有关。  相似文献   

西藏扎布耶湖区128～1.4ka BP的微体古生物与环境气候变化          下载免费PDF全文

刘俊英  郑绵平  袁鹤然  刘喜方  王海雷 《地质学报》2007,81(12):I0001-I0003

本文主要根据西藏扎布耶湖区SZK02孔所揭露的近84m剖面的沉积物特征与其产的介形类6属20种,轮藻类2属3种,结合14C、ESR、U-series地层测年等,初步认为该区128～1.4ka至少存在5个较明显的气候变化时期。①在128～76.7ka(83.63～57.0m)处于我国末次间冰期时段,气候凉湿,湖盆扩展,在90～81ka期间湖面最高,水质最淡。②76.7～58.6ka(57.0～38.13m)为我国末次冰期早冰阶时期,湖盆收缩,水温低,早期76.7～69.7ka(57.0～47.5m)偏冷湿,中期69.7～65.0ka(47.52～42.64m)气候温干,正逢早冰阶时期;晚期65.0～58.6ka(42.64～38.13m)气候干燥度下降。③58.6～29.1ka(38.13～13.75m)处于我国末次冰期间冰阶时段,早期58.6～51.6ka(38.13～33.07m)偏温湿,为3c暖期;中期51.6～42.5ka(33.07～26.13m)气候干冷,为3b冷期,正临末次冰期中冰阶时;晚期42.5～36.0ka(26.13～20.16m)偏凉湿,湿度更大,再次出现高湖面,为3a暖期;末期36.0～29.1ka(20.16～13.75m),趋向温干。④29.1～11.8Cal.ka(13.75～4.83m),气候趋向干冷,处于末次盛冰期(LGM)、末次晚冰阶时期,湖盆萎缩,水温低。早期29.1～16.6Cal.ka(13.75～6.98m)偏温湿;晚期16.6～13.1Cal.ka(6.98～5.76m)寒冷干燥;至末期13.1～11.7Cal.ka(5.76～4.83m),进一步干燥寒冷,全球新仙女木事件在本区发生。⑤11.7～1.4Cal.ka(4.83～0.65m),大致进入全新世气候期,气候波动大,凉湿与干冷交替频繁发生。在11.7～10.7Cal.ka(4.83～4.42m)时较温湿;10.7～9.5Cal.ka(4.42～4.07m)转向干冷;9.5～9.1Cal.ka(4.07～3.7m)更干冷,湖盆进一步萎缩;9.1～6.3Cal.ka(3.7～2.86m)向温干过渡;6.3～3.6Cal.ka(2.86～1.77m)干冷,湖泊已成盐湖;3.6～1.4Cal.ka(1.77～0.65m),气候趋向冷湿。  相似文献